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Abstract Fish stock assessments require a holistic approach that accounts for population heterogeneity, size range, sampling time frames, and habitat characteristics. However, these theoretical principles are often overlooked, potentially resulting in inappropriate fishery management decisions. This research aimed to evaluate (1) the spatial variation in the morphology of climbing perch (Anabas testudineus) across Indonesian populations using truss network analysis and (2) the temporal stability of these morphological traits over 90 years, assessed at 10-year intervals in habitats with varying ecological characteristics. The study analyzed 235 fish specimens from 20 Indonesian provinces, preserved at the Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense (MZB), Cibinong, Indonesia. Morphometric data were collected using the truss network method, measuring 19 distances between 10 anatomical landmarks with digital calipers. Nine meristic traits were recorded, including scale and fin spine/ray counts. Morphometric traits were standardized and analyzed using bivariate and multivariate statistical techniques. Based on the results of this study, population heterogeneity and the sampling time frame showed minimal influence on phenotypic variation, with a tendency for overlap between groups. Discrimination was observed among three islands – Sumatra, Kalimantan, and Sumba (with differences ranging from 2.1 to 2.39 mm) – as well as between the sampling periods <1970 and 1970–1980, with differences reaching up to 2.47 mm, and between the periods <1970 and 1980–1990, with a recorded difference of 2.36 mm. However, population and habitat characteristics had a significant effect on morphotype. Body depth and caudal peduncle shape significantly contributed to between-sub-population heterogeneity, while habitat characteristics were associated with all three body regions. These results demonstrate that the morphometric truss method can comprehensively evaluate fish population structure, with implications for decision-making to support sustainable fisheries management.

The western-southern and northern coastal waters of Aceh are the potential fishing areas of spiny lobster, which faces the Indian Ocean and the Andaman Sea. Fishing gears that are widely used are lobster gill nets and hand-picking with compressors. In Indonesia, seven species of spiny lobsters are caught in these waters, including Panulirus homarus, P. penicillatus, P. versicolor, P. ornatus, P. polyphagus, P. longipes longipes , and P. longipes femoristiga . The habitat for spiny lobsters is spread from coral reefs, rock, sand, and muddy sand. Panulirus homarus is the most frequently caught species in these waters, followed by P. penicillatus and P. longipes. Panulirus homarus is mainly caught during the dry season (southwest wind) and high waves (May to July), where other lobster species experience a significant decrease in the catch. The stock of spiny lobster in Fisheries Management Area (FMA) 572 (including Aceh coastal waters) has been in an overfishing condition since 2008. Maximum sustainable yield (MSY) of spiny lobster in Aceh coastal waters part of Malacca Strait (FMA 571) is 188.60 tons.yr −1 with a total allowable catch (TAC) of 151.10 tons. yr −1 . Furthermore, the MSY for Aceh coastal waters part of Indian Ocean is 292.09 tons.yr −1 with a TAC of 233.92 tons.yr −1 . Spiny lobster fishing in Aceh coastal waters must ensure its use in the future, both ecologically, socially, and economically.

Octopus is a fishery commodity that is the target catch of fishermen in Simeulue Regency because of its very high price. This study aims to identify the supply chain, calculate the value of fishery production and the percentage of octopus ( Octopus Cyanea ) production in the PiSiSi Simeulue MPAs. This research was conducted in March-April 2023. The research method used was interviews with purposive sampling techniques. Based on the results of the analysis, it was found that the value of production generated from buyers (collectors) was IDR 34,192,104,976 with a total weight of 440.56 tons. The contribution of PiSiSi KKP to the production value of Simeulue Octopus is 9.83%. Based on this research the octopus supply chain starts with the catch of fishermen who are sold to collectors and then sold again to buyers in Sinabang and sold locally and domestically to North Sumatra and Java Island to be processed and then exported to Asia, Europe and America.

This study aims to determine how big the impact of climate change is on the economic loss of the catch of Tuna fishermen in the northern waters of Aceh Province, Indonesia. Unfavorable climate change has an impact on decreasing fishing catches due to changes in seawater biophysics such as increasing sea surface temperatures, increasing wave height, and wind. The respondents in this study were 40 Tuna fishermen, located in 6 (six) villages in the waters of North Aceh., from two different WPPs, namely WPP 571 and 572. Data were collected by interview and using questionnaires. The results of this study indicate that there is a decrease in the level of welfare of coastal communities which is marked by a decrease in income levels caused by climate change. The results of the Present Value calculation also show that there is an economic loss for both small boats (<5GT) and large boats (>5GT), and the slope loss for small fishermen is steeper than for large fishermen. This indicates that large fishermen are more resilient to climate change than small fishermen. For an adaptation strategy, it is recommended that Tuna fishermen on the north coast of Aceh waters, both those in WPP 571 and 572, leave small boats and switch to larger boats (>5GT) which are proven to be more resistant to climate change than small boats (<5GT).

Yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares is one of pelagic fish that has high potential and economic value in Banda Aceh. Utilization of this resource in Banda Aceh is using purse seine units, with the number of purse seines continuously increasing. Therefore, management needs to be done so that optimal productivity can be maintained. This study discusses the estimation of catch and effort at maximum sustainable yield (MSY) of yellowfin tuna based on catch per unit effort (CPUE) and purse seine production in Banda Aceh during 2013-2018. Mathematical analysis was carried out using the equilibrium approach with the Schaefer model. The highest catch of yellowfin tuna reached 191 tons (July) and the average CPUE for yellowfin tuna was 0.796 tons/trip with C MSY of 2,482 tons/year and E MSY of 2,765 trips/year. From 2015 to 2018, the trend of biomass continued to decline and overfishing occurred during this period.

Painted terrapin ( Batagur borneoensis ) is one of the animals whose status is almost extinct and is included in the list of protected animals based on PP No. 7 of 1999. Based on data from the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), the Painted Terrapin is ranked 25th out of 327 species in the world that are included in the rare category. The purpose of this study was to determine the number and characteristics of nests and the number of eggs of painted terrapin ( Batagur borneoensis ) in Aceh Tamiang. This research was conducted from November 2019 to January 2020 on Pusung Cium Island, Seruway District, Aceh Tamiang Regency. determination of the sampling location using a purposive sampling method at 2 observation stations. Painted terrapin nests are found only at station 1. Nests were found in November 9 pieces, December 7 pieces, and January 6 pieces, for a total of 22 nests for 3 months. The number of eggs produced per hole is 11–27 eggs. Painted terrapin eggs are produced in November with 0 eggs, December with 11 eggs, and January with 97 eggs, for a total of 107 eggs for 3 months.

Cherax quadricarinatus is an introduced species that is deliberately stocked in Lake Laut Tawar, Takengon, Indonesia. This study aims to analyze bio-population aspect of this species, including length frequency distribution, length-weight relationship, condition factors, and biology reproductive. A total of 361 individual was sampled bi-weekly from October to December 2021 in Lake Laut Tawar, Central Aceh, Indonesia. The carapace length of the crayfish ranged from 26.5 to 69.9 mm CL, with the length class mode being 41.69 mm CL. The growth pattern of freshwater crayfish is negative allometric ( b <3) as described as an equation W = 0.0002CL 29522 (R2 = 0.907). The sex ratio of C. quadricarinatus between male and female was in balance ratio (1:1) ( Chi-square test result). The length of maturity ( L 50 ) in male was 49.49 mm CL, while in female was 47.41 mm CL. The highest gonad somatic index (GSI) was in December at 1.02, while the lowest was in November at 0.79. Fecundity of female ranged from 267 to 970 eggs.

The high production of Pacific white shrimp ( Litopenaeus vannamei ) in Pidie Jaya impacts water quality decline around the ponds due to aquaculture waste. This condition causes shrimp to be susceptible to diseases, one of which is white feces disease (WFD). The objective of the study is to determine the level of hepatopancreatic damage caused by WFD through histopathological performance. Four shrimp samples were taken randomly from two semi-intensive ponds in Meurah Dua District, Pidie Jaya Regency, Aceh, Indonesia. The results showed that the histopathology in the hepatopancreas was severely damaged. The damages include vacuolization, fat degeneration, and necrosis in ponds with higher ammonia concentrations. According to pH, temperature, salinity, and ammonia concentrations, ponds near residential areas were more polluted than ponds far from residential areas. This condition is projected by the more damaged histopathological obstruction of the shrimp’s hepatopancreas.

The coastal region around the world is in response to the significant change from the environment impacted by natural and anthropogenic sources. Such significant change could be observed in the coastal region where it had been experienced a natural disaster, climate change, and social-economic shift locally and regionally. The Peukan Bada coastal area in Aceh Province has experienced all of these features; thus, studying this region will give a new perspective and highlight the status of the small-scale fisheries and their governing marine-fisheries resources. In this study, we conducted the Rapid Appraisal of Fisheries Management System (RAFMS) to estimate the fisheries resources and their biological and physical attributes, market pattern, and main coastal problem facing by the community. The study found that the rapid and significant change of the fisheries resources and their biological and physical attributes as a result of a major natural disaster such as 26 December 2004 mega earthquake and tsunami, meanwhile a minor change to the market pattern was found changed in response to market demand, and major coastal problems are dominantly related to the community activities (anthropogenic) rather than resulted from natural event.

Indonesia is an archipelago nation with most of its big cities lays on or adjacent to the coastal area. Thus, driving huge demand for marine and fisheries resources in the concerning region. However, with a long coastline, the rural areas or coastal villages are distributed along the coast surrounding the archipelago, therefore it is reasonable to consider the impact being given by the coastal village on its effort toward conservation. In this study, we applied the Rapid Appraisal of Fisheries Management System (RAFMS), which is a recently developed technique to quickly assess the fisheries management system, which is time-efficient, was cost-effective and was gathered from coastal community and stakeholders. In this study, the study area is located at Lamteungoh village in the coastal area of Peukan Bada subdistrict, Aceh Province. This village is known for its pristine coastal and marine ecological condition compare to the other region. The result shows that the traditional fishermen institution called the Panglima Laot has a significant role in the region’s conservation actions. Some policies of implementing area- and time-based restrictions in engagement to the marine resource by the fishermen, as well as restrictions to catch particular marine species have impacted positively towards conservation activities in the region. Thus, it is possible to replicate this traditional management system at the other coastal areas beside Aceh province in Indonesia.