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Previously, an improved Prism-Mirror-Prism spectrometer was designed for a Zeiss EM902 electron microscope. Once constructed, this spectrometer was incorporated into the microscope with only minimal modifications to the mechanics and electronics of the instrument. Using this improved spectrometer design, absorption signals corresponding to light optical colour absorptions were studied at the resolution of the electron microscope. The behaviour of this signal has been characterized according to its selected energy loss behaviour and radiation sensitivity in embedded crystals of hematin and mercury orange. In cellular contexts, the photosensitizer chlorin e6 and the fluorescent dye fluorescein isothiocyanate have been localized, their signals extracted from the images using two different methods. These data were applied to study the absorption signal of the green fluorescent protein. Conditions were determined to optimize preservation of the chromophore structure through the sample preparation, and the GFP signal was observed and characterized in Chang and hepatoblastoma G2 cells.

According to industry estimates, approximately 7 billion day-old male chicks are disposed of annually worldwide because they are not of use to the layer industry. A practical process to identify the sex of the egg early in incubation without penetrating the egg would improve animal welfare, reduce food waste and mitigate environmental impact. We implemented a moderate vacuum pressure system through commercial egg-handling suction cups to collect volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Three separate experiments were set up to determine optimal conditions to collect eggs VOCs to discriminate male from female embryos. Optimal extraction time (2 min), storage conditions (short period of incubation during egg storage (SPIDES) at days 8–10 of incubation), and sampling temperature (37.5°C) were determined. Our VOC-based method could correctly differentiate male from female embryos with more than 80% accuracy. These specifications are compatible with the design of specialized automation equipment capable of high-throughput, in-ovo sexing based on chemical sensor microchips.

The purpose of this research was to determine whether particular biographic and academic characteristics would predict whether an applicant would matriculate into and successfully complete an online secondary teacher certification program. Results of statistical analyses conducted on 170 applicants over the past three years affirm the importance of the applicant's performance on the state content licensure examination. Other academic variables and biographic variables were found not to influence success in completing this secondary teacher certification program.

This paper describes the support systems, financial support, current use of technology, and infrastructure issues at selected institutions of higher education (IHE) and in K-12 public schools in the State of Texas, United States. Discussion is provided on how current practitioners in public schools and institutions of higher education that prepare pre-service teachers for these schools match regarding technology. In depth discussion is provided on two surveys--one of higher education institutions and one of public schools--along with a discussion of the findings as they relate to the ability of institutions of higher education to support K-12 schools through the preparation of future teachers well equipped to use and comfortable with current and emerging technologies.