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Scientific literacy requires students to generalise their scientific understanding to contexts beyond the classroom and engage in effective communication. An interdisciplinary approach with the curriculum areas of science and English could address the increasingly complex and multidisciplinary needs of future citizens. This scoping review targets research concerning written argumentation, which is typically positioned as an educational goal or demonstration of learning in English and science education. The systematic literature search process yielded a total of 260 research outputs, with a total of approximately 54,233 participants included across all outputs. Research themes in science written argumentation research were frequently related to content, scaffolding, and instructional style, while English written argumentation research had a more even distribution of research interests, showing a slight inclination for student characteristics and genre. It is clear that argumentation in science education should move beyond a purely objectivist emphasis on facts to a fuller consideration of perspectives, norms, and rhetorical features in English argumentation to further improve the collective scientific literacy of our learners.

If the declines in interest and performance within school science are to be reversed, it is imperative that competent and confident teachers deliver quality science experiences. This paper reports on the long-term implementation of two complementary, student-centered tertiary science methods courses that integrated instruction in content with teaching methods within a preservice elementary teaching degree. The Science Teaching Efficacy Belief Instrument B was employed to collect data from multiple cohorts (2007-2014). Multiple iterations of the quasi-experimental design were employed. Complete data supplied by 234 preservice teachers were analyzed using MANOVA with repeated measures on the occasion of testing. Results indicate that personal and outcome efficacy beliefs grew significantly with moderate to large effect sizes, in ways that are atypical within the literature. Broader implications are discussed.

Teachers are crucial to bridging the theory-praxis divide in science education by utilising evidence-based teaching practices to improve outcomes for their learners. However, the perspectives of primary teachers have seldom been considered beyond the confines of specific professional development programs. This paper aims to explore Australian primary teachers’ beliefs about how primary science education could be improved. A sample of 165 primary educators responded to an open-ended digital survey prompt. The results showed that teachers viewed themselves and their colleagues as central to the improvement of primary science education as evidenced by the most prominent themes of Professional Development (47.27%), Funding-Resources (37.58%), Classroom Practice (21.82%) and Personal-Teacher Improvement (21.21%). Curiously, university did not feature strongly, suggesting the participants may hold neutral views regarding the impact of universities on primary science education. The findings should serve as a catalyst for future research and engagement with primary teachers. Universities could expand their roles in building relationships with and providing accessible professional development to a group of primary teachers who, quite rightly, view themselves as key to improving primary science education.

The paper presents a scoping review of research that has been conducted on integrated STEM programmes in Australian schools over a 10-year period (2012–2022). It aims to determine how integrated STEM is being practiced. A total of 17 papers were chosen for review. The review explored the major characteristics of research that has been conducted on integrated STEM programmes in Australian schools, the teaching strategies used to teach integrated STEM and the reported impacts of these programmes. In fifteen of the papers experts from outside the school such as scientists and engineers, usually academics, were involved. Cooperative learning, project/problem-based learning and authentic experiences were the most common teaching strategies in a field characterised by positive learner outcomes. It is evident that teaching strategies are significant in the integration of STEM. Future research should focus on addressing issues of ecological validity, sustainability and scalability to ensure as many students as possible reap the benefits of high-quality STEM education.

Over the past 20 years there have been numerous calls in Australia and beyond for extensive educational reforms to preservice teacher education in the sciences. Recommendations for science teacher education programs to integrate curriculum, instruction and assessment are at the forefront of such reforms. In this paper, we describe our scholarly action–research approach to the teaching of science and science–method subjects to Australian preservice primary-school teachers in the state of New South Wales. We present an interactive educational design model founded on a solid theoretical literature base that incorporates Pedagogical Content Knowledge as an integrative mediating framework and which drives students’ interactions with the elements of the design model. The results from our mixed-methods study suggest that the approaches adopted through two extended vignettes show significant increases in preservice teachers’ competence and confidence. Together, the qualitative and extensive quantitative data suggest participants obtain a newly developed sense of enthusiasm for science and an understanding of the role that it can play in the primary- school curriculum. The data provide strong evidence that the approaches being called for in some of the earlier reforms and most recently by Bybee (2014) are effective 

CHRYSANTHEMUMS are the season's last flowers, but who will deny them first place in the fist of beauties of autumn? Chrysanthemum-- the name has its origin in \"chrysos\"-- gold; and true gold, they are, when, after the long period of growth they offer blooms for the harvest season, flowers when the rest of the garden has yielded its seed and died. But the chrysanthemum's color range is not limited to gold.

This Business Man Takes His Play in Growing Them

PEGGY had come from the city to spend this week on the farm with May, and May had promised to take her on a winter picnic as a treat.