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COVID-19 has caused not only unprecedented health crises but also economic crises among individuals across the world. White-collar (salaried-class) employees with a fixed salary face financial insecurity due to job loss, pay cuts and uncertainty in retaining a job. This study examines the financial behavior of Indian white-collar salaried-class investors to their cognitive biases. In addition, the mediating effect of financial self-efficacy on cognitive biases and financial behavior is examined. Respondents were given structured questionnaires (google forms) through emails and WhatsApp for data collection. SPSS and R-PLS are used to analyze the data. Conservatism (r = –.603, p < 0.05) and herding bias (r = –.703, p < 0.05) have a significant negative correlation with financial behavior. Financial self-efficacy has a significant positive correlation (r =.621. p < 0.050). Conservatism and herding predicted 60.5% and 62.2% of the variance, respectively. The direct and indirect paths between conservatism bias, financial self-efficacy, and financial behavior are significant. The paths between herding, financial self-efficacy and financial behavior are also significant. Acknowledgement The authors express their sincere gratitude to Dr Suresha B (Associate Professor, School of business and management, CHRIST (Deemed to be university), Bangalore, India ) for encouraging and motivating them to accomplish this research task. The authors also extend their sincere thanks to Prof. Krishna T.A. (Assistant Professor, School of business and management, CHRIST (Deemed to be university), Bangalore, India) and Dr Sridevi Nair (Assistant Professor, School of business and management, CHRIST (Deemed to be university), Bangalore, India) for their support throughout this empirical investigation.

The purpose of this paper is to understand the price realized by farmers from different distribution channels for their vegetable. Price is one of the primary drivers for an efficient supply chain. This analysis was part of a study to find the efficiency of different channels for vegetable supply chain and to find out what are the reasons and how farmers can get the right remuneration for their vegetables. The data was collected based on questionnaire from 410 farmers who are using different channels. The data analysis is based on the sample data for four districts of Telangana and three selected vegetables which are assumed to be representative of the overall sample frame. It was observed that there is significant variation of price received from different channels and the variation exists between different districts. It was also observed that there is significant difference between maximum and minimum price realized due to wide gap of supply and demand. There is no crop planning exists aligned with historical demand. Also, there is no systematic approach to divert the excess production to alternate market. This study will help in understanding the farmer’s price realization from different channels and create a framework to improve the situation for farmers by getting a better price.

The present paper is an endeavour to know if there is any significant relationship between the operating activities and financing activities information derived from the cash flow statement (CFS) and market price per share (MPPS) or stock prices, focusing on Nifty Pharma Index companies listed on National Stock Exchange (NSE) India, for the period 2010 to 2016. The data has been collected from the Prowess Database of CMIE and is statistically analysed using the software e-views (Version 9.5). The statistical analyses concluded that the cash flow from operating activities has a positive and significant relationship between market price per share of Nifty Pharma Index companies.

The job-readiness among management graduates in India is a concern for higher education providers and employers who determine the two forces: supply and demand of job market. Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) are under pressure to provide training programmes that are more closely aligned with 'employers' needs' in terms of employability skills. Hence, the focus of the current study is to assess the employability skill - gap and job readiness of management students. This study intends to develop an appropriate and logical 'Employability Skills -Training intervention Model for business management students during their study period. The study employs multi-source data with mixed methodology (quantitative and qualitative) that increases concurrent validity and robust estimates. The outcome of this study would facilitate the HEIs to review and redesign the skill development programmes with a focus on accomplishing the balance among 'Academic Skills', 'Technical Skills' and 'Employability Skills'. It would facilitate the HEIs to review and redesign the skill development programmes with a focus on accomplishing the balance among 'Academic Skills', 'Technical Skills' and 'Employability Skills'.

The announcement of a buyback informs the market about the company’s decision to repurchase its own shares. This announcement highlights the company’s price valuation and the inefficiencies that exist in the market. This study examines the share buyback announcement effect during the COVID-19 period. The study considered the stocks listed in the National Stock Exchange (NSE) that offered share buyback under tender offer mode during the pre-pandemic period between April 2016 and February 2020 and the post-pandemic period between March 2020 and March 2022. 75 firms in the pre-pandemic period and 43 in the post-pandemic period that announced share buyback under the tender offer method were analyzed. The event study methodology using a market model was employed to determine the presence of abnormal returns during the event period, which consisted of –21 days and +21 days. The findings of the study revealed the existence of abnormal returns in and around the announcement date. Besides, statistically significant cumulative abnormal average returns (CAAR) were also found on the event day, i.e., on Day 0. The study found that the impact of buyback announcements on stock returns significantly differed before and after COVID-19 for 10 and 21-day periods, with no significant differences for shorter periods. These insights can help traders and fund managers make informed portfolio adjustments during turbulent market periods surrounding buyback announcements. AcknowledgementThe authors express their sincere gratitude and special thanks to Dr. Krishna T.A., Assistant Professor, Department of Professional Studies, School of Commerce, Finance and Accountancy, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India, for encouraging, motivating and providing all the required support throughout this empirical investigation and to accomplish this research task.

The purpose of this paper is to understand the criteria used by farmers for selecting the distribution channel for their vegetable. This was part of a study to find the efficiency of different channels for vegetable supply chain and relevant questionnaire was designed to understand farmer's preference and reason behind that.The data was collected based on questionnaire from 410 farmers who are using different channels. The data analysis is based on the sample data for four districts of Telangana and three selected vegetables which are assumed to be representative of the overall sample frame. It was observed that the farmers are having specific channel preferences and criteria for channel selection that often varies from channel to channel. The reasons for different channel selection was identified for each channel and highlighted the most important reasons identified by the farmers through detail interview.

Job satisfaction is a topic of wide interest. It is the most frequently studied variable in the literature of organizational behaviour. Banking industry is the back bone and plays a vital role in the growth of Indian economy. This sector, especially after globalization and liberalization has witnessed a sea change. It may be remembered that, the core competencies that generate competitive advantage are human resources’ knowledge, experience and contribution to organizational development. The human resource development plays a vital role in the successful functioning of banking industry. It is believed that the industry can improve its effectiveness and productivity, provided its employees are satisfied and developed. Therefore, a modest attempt is made in this research to analyze and compare job satisfaction in terms of certain parameters between public and private sector commercial banks situated in the city of Bangalore, Karnataka State.

No organization can function efficiently as long as the fundamental fact i.e., human beings remain unrecognized. It is not technical processes, buildings or equipment but it is people who are critical differentiators of a business enterprise. To create a competent workforce, organizations have to ensure that they provide a congenial climate for their development. Existence of an appropriate HRD climate is very essential for an organization to develop, grow and sustain itself. The present paper is aims at understanding the level of Human Resource Developmental Climate prevailing in IT organizations. It includes determining the general HRD climate and the extent to which OCTAPAC (Openness, Confrontation, Trust, Autonomy, Proactiveness, Authenticity, Collaboration) culture exists and how seriously the HRD mechanisms are implemented. HR anchors play a significant role in creating positive HRD climate in the organization that understands the value of knowledge, document the skills and capabilities available within the organization, and there by indentify the means of utilizing the same for the benefit the organization. The HRD Climate is measured using a 38-item HRD climate questionnaire developed by Center for HRD, Xavier Labour Relations Institute (XLRI, India).

Organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) is a phrase that encompasses anything buoyant and productive that employees do, of their own preference, which ropes co-workers and benefits the company. Typically, employees who regularly connect with OCB may not always be the top performers, but they are the ones who are known to ‘go the second mile ’or ‘go more than and beyond ’the minimum efforts required to do a merely acceptable job. The main objective of this paper is to acclimatize to an existing methodological structure for conducting a comprehensive literature review on empirical phenomenon of Organizational citizenship behavior. For this purpose abstracts of various peer-reviewed journal publications have been analyzed on research topic and methodologies used.

INTRODUCTION:Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) is now the leading indication for liver transplantation (LT) in the United States (US). It remains unclear how centers are managing the medical and psychosocial issues associated with these patients.METHODS:We conducted a web-based survey of LT centers in the United States to identify center-level details on peri-LT management of ALD and related issues.RESULTS:Of the 117 adult LT centers, 100 responses (85.5%) were collected, representing all Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network regions. For alcohol-associated cirrhosis, 70.0% of the centers reported no minimum sobriety requirement while 21.0% required 6 months of sobriety. LT for severe alcohol-associated hepatitis was performed at 85.0% of the centers. Monitoring protocols for pre-LT and post-LT alcohol use varied among centers.DISCUSSION:Our findings highlight a change in center attitudes toward LT for ALD, particularly for severe alcohol-associated hepatitis.