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"Deutinger, Theo"
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Vehicle as Weapon
Using a motor vehicle as a weapon is not, despite the headlines in recent years, a new phenomenon. In Israel, the first vehicle-ramming attack was carried out in 1987 by a Palestinian. Since then, this mode of terror has increased and emerged in cities worldwide.
Magazine Article
Submarine cables
Notes that over 95 per cent of international communication is routed via submarine fibre-optic cables, and presents a detailed infographic showing how the world is connected by these undersea lines which form the superstructure of the internet. There are currently 332 submarine cables linking cities and other landing points around the world, and this number is expected to increase to 849 by 2017.
Magazine Article
Fortress Europe
Presents a map-based infographic depicting the complex borders, migration routes and crossing points in 'Fortress Europe', which was created under the Schengen Agreement in 1999. The implementation of this agreement led to the externalisation of security and to a system of borders in the form of 'buffer areas' which are expressed by the concept of a 'hard core' at the heart of several concentric circles. These areas are regulated respectively by the Schengen system, the Frontex system and the European Neighbourhood Policy system, and the impact of these different surveillance methods and border controls on refugee movement and human rights is discussed.
Magazine Article
Flight information regions
Presents a large infographic showing a map of the world divided into flight information regions (FIRs), specified airspaces within which an aircraft receives basic levels of air traffic service (including weather information and details of potentially conflicting flights) from a particular nation state. This division of global airspace was formalised in the Chicago Convention on International Civil Aviation in 1944, and is represented here in the form of a colourful map complete with notes on some of the changes that have taken place since then.
Magazine Article
Mega Malls
Presents a colour-coded chart in the form of a plan for a shopping centre, showing the location and size of the world's biggest retail complexes, or 'mega malls'. It is noted that until the early 1990s, these huge malls were an American phenomenon, but in the last 20 years the desire for vast, clean and cool shopping destinations has shifted to Asia, and particularly China, where the virtually unoccupied New South China Mall in Dongguan is currently the largest mall in the world. The article also includes a separate graph showing the gross leasable area and year of opening for each of these projects, and suggests that the future of the mega-mall craze seems to lie in the Middle East.
Magazine Article
Metro lines
Presents a graph showing the length, location and age of the metro lines in some 150 cities around the world, starting with the London Underground which opened in 1863 and including 40 cities which are set to join the 'Club of Metropolises' within the next five years. Two pie charts are also included, showing the distribution of existing metro lines by continent and the location of the 1,800 kilometres of metro lines currently under construction, 81 per cent of which are in Asia.
Magazine Article
High Cities
Global population is heavily concentrated at low elevations, with 75 per cent of the world's people living below an altitude of 500 m and 50 per cent of the largest urban agglomerations situated around sea level (0- 50 m). Many people live much higher though. The Mexican plateau and the highlands of South Central Asia (2,000- 2,500 m) are two of the world's most densely populated areas.
Magazine Article
U-Value
Buildings account for 40 per cent of total energy consumption in the European Union. The most reliable and important way to reduce energy use in buildings is insulation, which can reduce the consumption of energy by as much as 78 per cent. Although requirements for building insulation are set by individual governments, a directive passed by the European Union-- specifically the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (2010/31/EU)-- promotes optimal building insulation.
Magazine Article