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Under the Constitution of, production of petroleum and natural gas is exclusively subject to central laws. [...]any alleged corruption in price fixation of natural gas is an offence that concerns the Central Government, its employees and other persons related to its affairs.

Supreme Court advocate KV Dhananjay argues that the Karnataka legislature's amendment to the so-called Goonda's Act is 'exceedingly dangerous' by extending the concept of preventive detention to future rapists, future copyright and internet violators. [...]there is a long title to this law but let us call it as the \"Karnataka Goondas Act\" [The Karnataka Prevention of Dangerous Activities of Bootleggers, Drug-Offenders, Gamblers, Goondas, Immoral Traffic Offenders, Slum-Grabbers and Video or Audio Pirates (Amendment) Bill 2014, if you're interested -Ed]. If the lawmakers wanted to make it an offence to steal a 'horse' but ignorantly or mistakenly had put their seal of approval on a law that had said that it would be an offence to steal a 'donkey', the enforcement agencies or the courts will not at all bother about what the lawmakers had in their minds and this being a criminal statute, the enforcement agencies will simply go by the plain words and not on the basis of what the Government had intended; law enforcement will prosecute whoever would steal a donkey. [...]the only thing that will happen from all of this is that the Karnataka State police force that is already one of the most corrupt in the country could very well emerge as one of the most corrupt in the world.

The next monumental error is the interview of the prime witness given to a news channel. Whatever was told by this witness to the channel has been categorically denied by Delhi Police. Most people think that the braveheart's friend is indeed telling the truth-that Delhi Police, at that moment of emergency, wasted time fighting over the issue of jurisdiction and not bothering about the dying girl and her bruised friend. Delhi Police has expectedly denied in public everything told by this witness to the channel. Unfortunately, when Delhi Police takes this very person who is their prime witness into the trial to testify for the prosecution, it has a duty to tell the judge to simply trust this witness. The law of evidence in our country allows the lawyer for the defence to ask questions designed to 'shake the credit' of a witness. So, the judge who is going to be asked by the police to trust the witness is going to face a very hard time figuring out who between the two did not lie in this TV interview fiasco.

Drought is a leading abiotic constraints for onion production globally. Breeding by using unique genetic resources for drought tolerance is a vital mitigation strategy. With a total of 100 onion genotypes were screened for drought tolerance using multivariate analysis. The experiment was conducted in a controlled rainout shelter for 2 years 2017–2018 and 2018–2019 in a randomized block design with three replications and two treatments (control and drought stress). The plant was exposed to drought stress during the bulb development stage (i.e., 50–75 days after transplanting). The genotypes were screened on the basis of the drought tolerance efficiency (DTE), percent bulb yield reduction, and results of multivariate analysis viz. hierarchical cluster analysis by Ward’s method, discriminate analysis and principal component analysis. The analysis of variance indicated significant differences among the tested genotypes and treatments for all the parameters studied, viz. phenotypic, physiological, biochemical, and yield attributes. Bulb yield was strongly positively correlated with membrane stability index (MSI), relative water content (RWC), total chlorophyll content, antioxidant enzyme activity, and leaf area under drought stress. The genotypes were categorized into five groups namely, highly tolerant, tolerant, intermediate, sensitive, and highly sensitive based on genetic distance. Under drought conditions, clusters II and IV contained highly tolerant and highly sensitive genotypes, respectively. Tolerant genotypes, viz. Acc. 1656, Acc. 1658, W-009, and W-085, had higher DTE (>90%), fewer yield losses (<20%), and performed superiorly for different traits under drought stress. Acc. 1627 and Acc. 1639 were found to be highly drought-sensitive genotypes, with more than 70% yield loss. In biplot, the tolerant genotypes (Acc. 1656, Acc. 1658, W-085, W-009, W-397, W-396, W-414, and W-448) were positively associated with bulb yield, DTE, RWC, MSI, leaf area, and antioxidant enzyme activity under drought stress. The study thus identified tolerant genotypes with favorable adaptive traits that may be useful in onion breeding program for drought tolerance.

Despite recent research identifying a clear anthropogenic impact on glacier recession, the effect of recent climate change on glacier-related hazards is at present unclear. Here we present the first global spatio-temporal assessment of glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs) focusing explicitly on lake drainage following moraine dam failure. These floods occur as mountain glaciers recede and downwaste. GLOFs can have an enormous impact on downstream communities and infrastructure. Our assessment of GLOFs associated with the rapid drainage of moraine-dammed lakes provides insights into the historical trends of GLOFs and their distributions under current and future global climate change. We observe a clear global increase in GLOF frequency and their regularity around 1930, which likely represents a lagged response to post-Little Ice Age warming. Notably, we also show that GLOF frequency and regularity – rather unexpectedly – have declined in recent decades even during a time of rapid glacier recession. Although previous studies have suggested that GLOFs will increase in response to climate warming and glacier recession, our global results demonstrate that this has not yet clearly happened. From an assessment of the timing of climate forcing, lag times in glacier recession, lake formation and moraine-dam failure, we predict increased GLOF frequencies during the next decades and into the 22nd century.

Cancers evolve not only through the acquisition and clonal transmission of somatic mutations but also by epigenetic mechanisms that modify cell phenotype. Here, we use histology-guided and spatial transcriptomics to characterize hepatoblastoma, a childhood liver cancer that exhibits significant histologic and proliferative heterogeneity despite clonal activating mutations in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Highly proliferative regions with embryonal histology show high expression of Wnt target genes, the embryonic biliary transcription factor SOX4 , and striking focal expression of the growth factor FGF19 . In patient-derived tumoroids with constitutive Wnt activation, FGF19 is a required growth signal for FGF19-negative cells. Indeed, some tumoroids contain subsets of cells that endogenously express FGF19 , downstream of Wnt/β-catenin and SOX4. Thus, the embryonic biliary lineage program cooperates with stabilized nuclear β-catenin, inducing FGF19 as a paracrine growth signal that promotes tumor cell proliferation, together with active Wnt signaling. In this pediatric cancer presumed to originate from a multipotent hepatobiliary progenitor, lineage-driven heterogeneity results in a functional growth advantage, a non-genetic mechanism whereby developmental lineage programs influence tumor evolution. Epigenetic causes of intra-tumoural heterogeneity are crucial in paediatric cancers with low mutation rates, such as hepatoblastoma. Here, the authors characterise transcriptional heterogeneity in hepatoblastoma using histology-guided RNA sequencing and functional studies in patient-derived tumoroids, and find how the embryonic biliary lineage program, Wnt, and paracrine signalling can promote tumour proliferation.