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الاقتصاد الصيني
طوال 30 عاما من التطور المستمر السريع منذ تطبيق سياسة الإصلاح والانفتاح، حقق الاقتصاد الصيني إنجازات جذبت أنظار العالم وأصبحت ثالث كيان اقتصادي في العالم وما زالت المكانة الدولية للصين ترتقي من يوم إلى يوم عندما اندلعت الأزمة المالية الآسيوية في عام 1997، ظهرت على الصين \"صورة الدولة الكبرى المسئولة\" فلم يتمالك العالم أن يلفت أنظاره إلى الصين وينتظر الصين إذا، لماذا ينتظر العالم الصين ؟ هل سيواصل الاقتصاد الصيني نموه أم سيتوقف دون تقدم ؟ ما أسرار نجاح الاقتصاد الصيني ؟ هل تستطيع الصين أن تصبح دولة غنية، منسجمة وديمقراطية ؟ ما الإسهامات التي تستطيع الصين تقديمها لاقتصاد العالم ؟ كل هذه الأسئلة سيجيب عليها المؤلف في هذا الكتاب بشكل مبسط.
BOOK
Classifying topology of consistent thermodynamics of the four-dimensional neutral Lorentzian NUT-charged spacetimes
In this paper, via employing the uniformly modified form of the generalized off-shell Helmholtz free energy, we investigate the topological numbers for the four-dimensional neutral Lorentzian Taub–NUT, Taub–NUT–AdS and Kerr–NUT spacetimes, and find that these solutions can also be classified into one of three types of those well-known black hole solutions, which implies that these spacetimes should be viewed as generic black holes from the viewpoint of the thermodynamic topological approach.
Journal Article
الاقتصاد الصيني
طوال 30 عاما من التطور المستمر السريع منذ تطبيق سياسة الإصلاح والانفتاح حقق الاقتصاد الصيني إنجازات جذبت أنظار العالم وأصبحت ثالث كيان اقتصادي في العالم وما زالت المكانة الدولية للصين ترتقي من يوم إلى يوم عندما اندلعت الأزمة المالية الآسيوية في عام 1997 ظهرت على الصين \"صورة الدولة الكبرى المسئولة\" فلم يتمالك العالم أن يلفت أنظاره إلى الصين وينتظر الصين إذا لماذا ينتظر العالم الصين ؟ هل سيواصل الاقتصاد الصيني نموه أم سيتوقف دون تقدم ؟ ما أسرار نجاح الاقتصاد الصيني ؟ هل تستطيع الصين أن تصبح دولة غنية منسجمة وديمقراطية ؟ ما الإسهامات التي تستطيع الصين تقديمها لاقتصاد العالم ؟ سيجيب هذا الكتاب عن هذه الأسئلة بشكل مبسط.
BOOK
Consistent thermodynamics and topological classes for the four-dimensional Lorentzian charged Taub-NUT spacetimes
In this paper, we derive the consistent thermodynamics of the four-dimensional Lorentzian Reissner-Nordström-NUT (RN-NUT), Kerr–Newman-NUT (KN-NUT), and RN-NUT-AdS spacetimes in the framework of the (
ψ
-
N
)-pair formalism, and then investigate their topological numbers by using the uniformly modified form of the generalized off-shell Helmholtz free energy. We find that these solutions can be included into one of three categories of those well-known black hole solutions, which implies that these spacetimes should be viewed as generic black holes from the perspective of the topological thermodynamic defects. In addition, we demonstrate that although the existence of the NUT charge parameter seems to have no impact on the topological number of the charged asymptotically locally flat spacetimes, it has a remarkable effect on the topological number of the charged asymptotically locally AdS spacetime.
Journal Article
Do Corporate Social Responsibility Engagements Lead to Real Environmental, Social, and Governance Impact?
We construct an event-based outcome measure of firm-level environmental, social, and governance (ESG) impact for public and private firms globally from 2007 to 2015 using data from RepRisk. Then we measure the societal impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) engagements using participation in the United Nations Global Compact (UNGC) as a proxy. We demonstrate a robust and striking difference between public and private firms: whereas private firms significantly reduce their negative ESG incident levels after UNGC engagements, public firms fail to do so and are more likely to engage in decoupled CSR actions—actions with no subsequent real impact. We then conduct a series of in-depth analyses to examine possible economic mechanisms. Our results are most consistent with shareholder–stakeholder conflicts of interest being the main moderator of decoupling. The intensity of this conflict is further moderated by three factors: ownership type, proximity to final consumers on the value chain, and specific ESG incident types. Other possible mechanisms, such as selective entry into UNGC and heterogeneities in media exposure, country representation, and entry timing, do not survive our analysis. Our results suggest that existing CSR engagements and one-size-fits-all CSR policy mandates might not necessarily lead to better societal outcomes, and a multi-tiered policy targeting different ownership and industry types might be more efficient at maximizing ex post ESG benefits.
This paper was accepted by Bruno Cassiman, business strategy.
Journal Article
Towards Resilient Urban Design: Revealing the Impacts of Built Environment on Physical Activity Amidst Climate Change
Understanding how urban environmental features shape physical activity is crucial for building health-supportive cities, especially under climate change pressures such as rising temperatures and extreme weather. Previous studies emphasized density and accessibility, but the spatial mechanisms driving facility usage remain understudied. This study investigates how land use diversity, the distribution of physical activity facilities, street network structure, and road accessibility shape physical activity behaviours at the neighbourhood scale. Using a 500 m × 500 m grid framework in Xiamen, China, a random forest model combined with Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) is employed to quantify the importance of environment indicators. The results demonstrate that road accessibility and street connectivity exert the strongest influence on physical activity facility use, followed by land use diversity and 15 min reachable residential Points of Interests (POIs). Spatial autocorrelation and cluster analysis further reveal that high-impact areas are concentrated in central and southern zones, whereas peripheral regions face accessibility deficits. These findings highlight the value of integrating transport planning and land use configuration to address spatial disparities in facility usage. The study contributes a replicable methodological framework and provides practical insights for advancing equitable and activity-friendly neighbourhood design.
Journal Article
Explaining Pre-Service Early Childhood Teachers’ Intention of Implementing Museum Visits: An Extension of the Theory of Planned Behavior
Museums are traditionally considered public service settings with educational functions and practical learning resources for students. Early childhood teachers’ intention to implement class visits to museums is still very low. This paper synthesizes the theory of planned behavior model (TPB) and core determinants of the technology acceptance model (TAM) to hypothesize an extended TPB model to explain preschool teachers’ perceptions and intentions to implement museum visits. The results revealed that early childhood teachers’ intention of implementing class visits to museums was significantly influenced by attitude, perceived usefulness, and perceived behavioral control. The implications of this study are provided.
Journal Article
Blockchain-Assisted Privacy-Preserving and Context-Aware Trust Management Framework for Secure Communications in VANETs
Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) are used for improving traffic efficiency and road safety. However, VANETs are vulnerable to various attacks from malicious vehicles. Malicious vehicles can disrupt the normal operation of VANET applications by broadcasting bogus event messages that may cause accidents, threatening people’s lives. Therefore, the receiver node needs to evaluate the authenticity and trustworthiness of the sender vehicles and their messages before acting. Although several solutions for trust management in VANETs have been proposed to address these issues of malicious vehicles, existing trust management schemes have two main issues. Firstly, these schemes have no authentication components and assume the nodes are authenticated before communicating. Consequently, these schemes do not meet VANET security and privacy requirements. Secondly, existing trust management schemes are not designed to operate in various contexts of VANETs that occur frequently due to sudden variations in the network dynamics, making existing solutions impractical for VANETs. In this paper, we present a novel blockchain-assisted privacy-preserving and context-aware trust management framework that combines a blockchain-assisted privacy-preserving authentication scheme and a context-aware trust management scheme for securing communications in VANETs. The authentication scheme is proposed to enable anonymous and mutual authentication of vehicular nodes and their messages and meet VANET efficiency, security, and privacy requirements. The context-aware trust management scheme is proposed to evaluate the trustworthiness of the sender vehicles and their messages, and successfully detect malicious vehicles and their false/bogus messages and eliminate them from the network, thereby ensuring safe, secure, and efficient communications in VANETs. In contrast to existing trust schemes, the proposed framework can operate and adapt to various contexts/scenarios in VANETs while meeting all VANET security and privacy requirements. According to efficiency analysis and simulation results, the proposed framework outperforms the baseline schemes and demonstrates to be secure, effective, and robust for enhancing vehicular communication security.
Journal Article
The blood–brain barrier: Structure, regulation and drug delivery
Blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a natural protective membrane that prevents central nervous system (CNS) from toxins and pathogens in blood. However, the presence of BBB complicates the pharmacotherapy for CNS disorders as the most chemical drugs and biopharmaceuticals have been impeded to enter the brain. Insufficient drug delivery into the brain leads to low therapeutic efficacy as well as aggravated side effects due to the accumulation in other organs and tissues. Recent breakthrough in materials science and nanotechnology provides a library of advanced materials with customized structure and property serving as a powerful toolkit for targeted drug delivery. In-depth research in the field of anatomical and pathological study on brain and BBB further facilitates the development of brain-targeted strategies for enhanced BBB crossing. In this review, the physiological structure and different cells contributing to this barrier are summarized. Various emerging strategies for permeability regulation and BBB crossing including passive transcytosis, intranasal administration, ligands conjugation, membrane coating, stimuli-triggered BBB disruption, and other strategies to overcome BBB obstacle are highlighted. Versatile drug delivery systems ranging from organic, inorganic, and biologics-derived materials with their synthesis procedures and unique physio-chemical properties are summarized and analyzed. This review aims to provide an up-to-date and comprehensive guideline for researchers in diverse fields, offering perspectives on further development of brain-targeted drug delivery system.
Journal Article