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"Ding, Jie"
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The Chinese way
\"This book describes the Chinese way of life (CWOL) circa 2014, based on extensive primary and secondary data. Taking an anthropological approach, the book covers 51 topics that would have been studied if China were a newly discovered civilization, plus one overarching chapter that presents nine core concepts of CWOL. While the book is a rigorous treatment of CWOL, it is also filled with personal stories and perspectives from close to 1000 successful Chinese from academia, business, and government. The Chinese Way equips readers with a deep understanding of a society that is a major player in global business today and offers a foundation for successful business interactions with Chinese companies, organizations, and people\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Current Epidemiology of Diabetic Retinopathy and Diabetic Macular Edema
With increasing global prevalence of diabetes, diabetic retinopathy (DR) is set to be the principle cause of vision impairment in many countries. DR affects a third of people with diabetes and the prevalence increases with duration of diabetes, hyperglycemia, and hypertension—the major risk factors for the onset and progression of DR. There are now increasing data on the epidemiology of diabetic macular edema (DME), an advanced complication of DR, with studies suggesting DME may affect up to 7 % of people with diabetes. The risk factors for DME are largely similar to DR, but dyslipidemia appears to play a more significant role. Early detection of DR and DME through screening programs and appropriate referral for therapy is important to preserve vision in individuals with diabetes. Future research is necessary to better understand the potential role of other risk factors such as apolipoproteins and genetic predisposition to shape public health programs.
Journal Article
Corpus-based Translation Studies: Examining Media Language through a Linguistic Lens
This paper delves into the multifaceted world where translation studies converge with corpus linguistics, casting a spotlight on the dynamic domain of media language. By harnessing the power of a corpus-based methodology, our research meticulously dissects the intricate process of translating and adapting media texts within a panoply of linguistic landscapes and cultural contexts. The core objective of the study is to excavate and analyze the pantheon of linguistic attributes and the repertoire of tactics translators wield in the realm of media, unlocking a treasure trove of understanding pertaining to cultural subtleties and the nuanced art of translation practices. Our exploration traverses a broad spectrum of media genres, encompassing the rigor of news journalism, the creative complexity of television programming, and the viral nature of digital content, to construct a comprehensive understanding of the translation phenomena at play. The findings illuminate the myriad ways in which media narratives are reconfigured and presented to global audiences, ultimately enriching the discourse on how translation shapes and is shaped by the currents of worldwide communication. This study, therefore, serves as a crucial beacon for academics, professionals, and enthusiasts poised at the crossroads of linguistics and cultural exchange, guiding them through the labyrinth of media translation and its profound influence on international dialogues and perceptions.
Journal Article
Hemodialysis pathway types influence wound healing complications and survival in end-stage renal disease patients in a retrospective cohort study
This study evaluates the impact of different hemodialysis access types—central venous catheter (CVC), arteriovenous graft (AVG), and autologous arteriovenous fistula (AVF)—on wound healing, complication rates, and long-term survival in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). A retrospective analysis of 323 ESRD patients receiving hemodialysis over a ten-year period revealed significant differences in outcomes across the three groups. AVF patients experienced the shortest wound healing times and the highest dialysis efficacy, while the CVC group had the highest infection and reoperation rates. Although there were no significant differences in cardiac function or cause-specific mortality, AVF patients had the longest median survival time, followed by those in the CVC and AVG groups. These findings suggest that while AVF provides superior dialysis efficiency and survival outcomes with fewer complications, patient suitability and individual health conditions must be carefully considered when selecting the appropriate vascular access for hemodialysis.
Journal Article
A Retinex-based network for image enhancement in low-light environments
Most of the existing low-light image enhancement methods suffer from the problems of detail loss, color distortion and excessive noise. To address the above-mentioned issues, this paper proposes a neural network-based low-light image enhancement network. The network is divided into three parts: decomposition network, reflection component denoising network, and illumination component enhancement network. In the decomposition network, the input image is decomposed into a reflection image and an illumination image. In the reflection component denoising network, the Unet3+ network improved by fusion CA attention is adopted to denoise the reflection image. In the illumination component enhancement network, the adaptive mapping curve is adopted to enhance the illumination image iteratively. Finally, the processed illumination and reflection images are fused based on Retinex theory to obtain the final enhanced image. The experimental results show that the proposed network achieves excellent visual effects in subjective evaluation. Additionally, it shows a significant improvement in objective evaluation metrics, including PSNR, SSIM, NIQE, and so on, when compared to the results in several public datasets.
Journal Article
CO2 hydrogenation to high-value products via heterogeneous catalysis
Recently, carbon dioxide capture and conversion, along with hydrogen from renewable resources, provide an alternative approach to synthesis of useful fuels and chemicals. People are increasingly interested in developing innovative carbon dioxide hydrogenation catalysts, and the pace of progress in this area is accelerating. Accordingly, this perspective presents current state of the art and outlook in synthesis of light olefins, dimethyl ether, liquid fuels, and alcohols through two leading hydrogenation mechanisms: methanol reaction and Fischer-Tropsch based carbon dioxide hydrogenation. The future research directions for developing new heterogeneous catalysts with transformational technologies, including 3D printing and artificial intelligence, are provided.
Carbon dioxide (CO
2
) capture and conversion provide an alternative approach to synthesis of useful fuels and chemicals. Here, Ye et al. give a comprehensive perspective on the current state of the art and outlook of CO
2
catalytic hydrogenation to the synthesis of light olefins, dimethyl ether, liquid fuels, and alcohols.
Journal Article
The relationships between short video addiction, subjective well-being, social support, personality, and core self-evaluation: a latent profile analysis
Background
The proportion of short video addiction (SVA) is increasing among different populations, and its impact on the adolescent group has attracted research attention in recent years. To better explore the heterogeneity of individuals addicted to short videos and the antecedents of their addiction, the present study used quantitative research to conduct a latent profile analysis (LPA) of college students’ SVA from the perspective of internal and external resources.
Methods
Referring to the Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution (I-PACE) theory, this study explores the relationship between subgroups of SVA on the one hand and subjective well-being (SWB), social support (SS), core self-evaluation (CSE), and extraversion on the other using latent profile analysis. The research participants consisted of 694 college students aged between 18–25 years. The research tools used were the SVA Scale for College Students, Subjective Well-Being Scale, Perceived Social Support Scale, Core Self-Evaluation Scale, and the Big Five Personality Traits Scale.
Results
The results revealed three subtypes of adolescent SVA: high (28.8%), medium (56.6%), and low (14.6%), demonstrating significant heterogeneity among groups. These groups also showed significant differences in terms of their internal and external resource scores. Specifically, the high-addiction group scored significantly lower on extraversion and SS than the other two groups. The medium-addiction group had the lowest score on CSE among the three groups. The low-addiction group scored significantly higher on SS, CSE, and SWB compared with the high-addiction and medium-addiction groups.
Conclusion
This study reveals that students with low extraversion, low SS and CSE scores tend to become addicted to short videos. SVA has negatively affected these personal traits. Our study explored the heterogeneity of SVA among college students from an individual-centered perspective, providing empirical support for scientifically and reasonably guiding the use of short videos among college students.
Journal Article
Does IR-loss promote plastome structural variation and sequence evolution?
Plastids are one of the main distinguishing characteristics of the plant cell. The plastid genome (plastome) of most autotrophic seed plants possesses a highly conserved quadripartite structure containing a large single-copy (LSC) and a small single-copy (SSC) region separated by two copies of the inverted repeat (termed as IR A and IR B ). The IRs have been inferred to stabilize the plastid genome via homologous recombination-induced repair mechanisms. IR loss has been documented in seven autotrophic flowering plant lineages and two autotrophic gymnosperm lineages, and the plastomes of these species (with a few exceptions) are rearranged to a great extent. However, some plastomes containing normal IRs also show high structural variation. Therefore, the role of IRs in maintaining plastome stability is still controversial. In this study, we first integrated and compared genome structure and sequence evolution of representative plastomes of all nine reported IR-lacking lineages and those of their closest relative(s) with canonical inverted repeats (CRCIRs for short) to explore the role of the IR in maintaining plastome structural stability and sequence evolution. We found the plastomes of most IR-lacking lineages have experienced significant structural rearrangement, gene loss and duplication, accumulation of novel small repeats, and acceleration of synonymous substitution compared with those of their CRCIRs. However, the IR-lacking plastomes show similar structural variation and sequence evolution rate, and even less rearrangement distance, dispersed repeat number, tandem repeat number, indels frequency and GC3 content than those of IR-present plastomes with variation in Geraniaceae. We argue that IR loss is not a driver of these changes but is instead itself a consequence of other processes that more broadly shape both structural and sequence-level plastome evolution.
Journal Article
Chronic exposure to polystyrene microplastics induced male reproductive toxicity and decreased testosterone levels via the LH-mediated LHR/cAMP/PKA/StAR pathway
Background
Microplastics (MPs), which are smaller in size and difficult to degrade, can be easily ingested by marine life and enter mammals through the food chain. Our previous study demonstrated that following acute exposure to MPs, the serum testosterone content reduced and sperm quality declined, resulting in male reproductive dysfunction in mice. However, the toxic effect of long-term exposure to MPs at environmental exposure levels on the reproductive system of mammals remains unclear.
Results
In vivo, mice were given drinking water containing 100 μg/L and 1000 μg/L polystyrene MPs (PS-MPs) with particle sizes of 0.5 μm, 4 μm, and 10 μm for 180 consecutive days. We observed alterations in testicular morphology and reductions in testosterone, LH and FSH contents in serum. In addition, the viability of sperm was declined and the rate of sperm abnormality was increased following exposure to PS-MPs. The expression of steroidogenic enzymes and StAR was downregulated in testis tissues. In vitro, we used primary Leydig cells to explore the underlying mechanism of the decrease in testosterone induced by PS-MPs. First, we discovered that PS-MPs attached to and became internalized by Leydig cells. And then we found that the contents of testosterone in the supernatant declined. Meanwhile, LHR, steroidogenic enzymes and StAR were downregulated with concentration-dependent on PS-MPs. We also confirmed that PS-MPs decreased StAR expression by inhibiting activation of the AC/cAMP/PKA pathway. Moreover, the overexpression of LHR alleviated the reduction in StAR and steroidogenic enzymes levels, and finally alleviated the reduction in testosterone induced by PS-MPs.
Conclusions
PS-MPs exposure resulted in alterations in testicular histology, abnormal spermatogenesis, and interference of serum hormone secretion in mice. PS-MPs induced a reduction in testosterone level through downregulation of the LH-mediated LHR/cAMP/PKA/StAR pathway. In summary, our study showed that chronic exposure to PS-MPs resulted in toxicity of male reproduction under environmental exposure levels, and these potential risks may ring alarm bells of public health.
Graphical abstract
Journal Article