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Hazelnuts (Corylus spp.; Betulaceae) constitute an important food, technology, textile, and medicine resource for Indigenous peoples across Canada. As with other types of traditional ecological knowledge and wisdom, the legacy of residential schools, ongoing colonialism, and continued land degradation and development have affected how people remember and use this vital plant. This contribution focuses on the memories and stories of Elder Wal'ceckwu (Marion Dixon) from the Nlaka'pamux Nation (Interior Salish) of British Columbia to help foster the re-emergence of hazelnut management in her community and beyond. Using ethnoecological, archaeological, and ethnohistoric data, as well as drawing on the memories of other Elders and knowledge holders throughout British Columbia, we hope to draw connections between people and place, and to emphasize how they can preserve knowledge and links to homelands in an ecologically informed and socially just way.

The role of Egyptian finance capital in acquiring (and attempting to acquire) agricultural land in southern neighbouring countries since the 2007-2008 food-fuel-financial crisis represents in part the southward expansion of the frontier in Egypt, or new socio-ecological spaces for heightened capital accumulation. This expansion, heralded by processes of financialisation, is the latest wave of corporate consolidation of the country's agri-food system. This paper offers an historical analysis of frontier making in modern-day Egypt and how it has been shaped by relations between Egypt and Sudan within a restructuring hegemonic state system, from the nineteenth century to present-day revolutionary times. Then, a case study of one Egyptian financial firm, Citadel Capital, is detailed to demonstrate that the 'global land grab' reflects food regime restructuring with the end of cheap food and oil - and greater food insecurity and political instability in Egypt and in southern neighbouring countries.

The 'imperial reach' represents a real threat to the popular opposition movements exploding throughout the Middle East and North Africa. For this essay I define this effort in three broad ways: Western governments and observers defining the 'Arab Spring' on their own terms, especially in naming responsibility for the social uprisings in one way or another that comes back to the West, and maintaining a 'monopoly of expertise'. This effort of claiming and co-opting is funnelled squarely to prop up the neoliberal agenda that has brought to the region much of what the movements have risen to reject. Adapted from the source document.

Despite education reforms, the Egyptian education system is deteriorating. Low salaries and inadequate funding have led to a growth in private tutoring by teachers employed by the state, creating an informal education market to compensate for the shortcomings of the public sector. Adapted from the source document.

Roadside PM10 has been monitored by Partisol at three sites in Sunderland between August 1997 and February 1998. The sites chosen were an inner city kerbside site; a roadside site adjacent to a dual carriageway on the outskirts of Sunderland with an open aspect; and a rural site. The results indicate that there is a seasonal variation in the relationship between the sites in terms of monitored PM10. In the winter there is a poor correlation between the sites whereas in the summer significant correlations are obtained. Of the sites monitored PM10 is consistently highest at the inner city roadside site. During the summer, exceedances of the U.K. 50 microg m(-3) standard (DETR, 2000) are associated with conditions suitable for the build-up of photochemical pollution however during the winter period exceedances are recorded during a variety of weather conditions. At the dual carriageway site PM2.5 has also been recorded and contributions to measured PM10 are 77% in summer and 68% in winter. The results illustrate a number of inconsistencies between this study utilising the Partisol and others reporting results where PM10 has been monitored by TEOM.

In Australia a far-reaching programme of legislative reform has since 1975 completely overhauled the orthodox administrative law.