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Lee, K.-H., Shin, S., Kim, D.-S., 2014. Cross-shore variation of water surface elevation and velocity during the bore propagation. In: Green, A.N. and Cooper, J.A.G. (eds.), Proceedings 13th International Coastal Symposium (Durban, South Africa), Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 70, pp. 533–538, ISSN 0749-0208. In this study, we have investigated the hydrodynamics of a turbulent bore generated by removing a gate suddenly with water impounded on one side. This bore generation method was referred to a general dam-break problem. In order to perform the numerical simulation of the bore formation and propagation, we considered the incompressible flows of two immiscible fluids, liquid and gas, governed by the Navier-Stokes equations. The interface between the two fluids (air and water) was tracked by the volume-of-fluid (VOF) technique, and the M-type Cubic Interpolated Propagation (MCIP) scheme was used to solve the Navier-Stokes equations. It is known that the MCIP method is a low diffusive and stable scheme and is generally extended the original one-dimensional CIP to higher dimensions, using a fractional step technique. A Large Eddy Simulation (LES) closure scheme, which is a cost-effective approach to turbulence simulation, was employed to predict the evolution of quantities associated with turbulence. In order to verify the applicability of this numerical model to the bore simulation, the simulation results were compared to the laboratory experimental data. The numerical model for the bore formation and propagation based on the two-phase fully nonlinear Navier-Stokes equations was well verified by comparing with the analytic model based on the fully nonlinear shallow water wave equations and the laboratory experimental results.

An Oscillating Water Column (OWC) uses air flow induced by the vertical motion of water column in the air chamber as a driving force of turbine. Although it is well known that OWC is one of the most efficient devices to harness wave power, there is still much uncertainty about the relationship between the optimal shape and its hydrodynamic performance under the confined wave conditions. In this study, we propose a new computational fluid dynamics solver using on the immiscible two-phase (gas and water) flow model to simulate an OWC system in a two and three dimensional numerical wave tank. The numerical experiments focus on air flow velocity directly related to the working of turbine to survey the optimal shape. As a result, in case the non-dimensional chamber width normalized by the incident wave length is in the range of 0.12 to 0.43, the maximum air flow velocity occurs with the increase of the inlet height and shortness of the inlet length.

A 23-month-old child presented with fever and lethargy. Two days earlier, her parents noticed she was warm on waking, and her temperature was recorded as 101.6°F (38.7°C). She was given acetaminophen and ibuprofen and slept more than usual that day. Her evening temperature was 103.7°F (39.8°C). The patient had been exposed to a child with streptococcal throat infection at day care earlier in the week.

Member states of ASEAN and China are neighboring countries sharing land and maritime borders and have long-standing cultural and economic exchanges. Since the building of ASEAN-China Strategic Partnership in 2003, ASEAN-China relations have developed dramatically, comprehensively and deeply on various fields. At present, international and internal contexts create many opportunities for both sides. Therefore, both sides should have new solutions to strengthen the cooperation, and to establish a long-term healthy and stable relationship.

According to his mother, the patient did not pull his hair out and had no history of scalp trauma. Any age group can be affected, and the condition is strongly associated with family history and environmental factors such as stress.2 Alopecia areata is typically a clinical diagnosis based on the lack of skin findings associated with other conditions.1 Findings such as a positive hair pull test or dermatoscopic signs of active disease (yellow dots, black dots, exclamation point or tapering hairs, and broken hairs) can aid in diagnosis. Trichotillomania is an obsessive-compulsive disorder involving a recurrent, irresistible urge to pull out one’s own hair, to the point of noticeable hair loss.7 SUMMARY TABLE Condition Characteristics Alopecia areata Round, discrete areas of hair loss that develop over a few weeks; individual patches can coalesce to form large areas of hair loss; affected skin feels soft and smooth; exclamation point (tapered) hairs may be visible on further examination Thyroid disorder Thyroid hormones play an important role in the stimulation of hair growth and maintenance of the hair follicle; hypo- and hyperthyroidism are both associated with hair thinning Iron deficiency Iron is involved in the physiologic maintenance of the hair follicle; hair loss related to iron deficiency resembles typical male or female pattern baldness and is reversible with appropriate iron replacement therapy Telogen effluvium Hair thinning in response to stressful events (e.g., surgery, loss of a loved one, pregnancy, severe weight loss, menopause), which can disrupt the normal physiologic hair cycle Trichotillomania Obsessive-compulsive disorder involving the recurrent, irresistible urge to pull out one’s own hair Address correspondence to Sam Longfellow, DO, at samlongfellow@centura.org.

The diagnosis can be confirmed with molecular genetic testing and identification of a mutation in one of the five keratin genes.3 Pachyonychia congenita is chronically debilitating and has no cure. Mechanical trimming or grinding of lesions with pumice or a sharp instrument, use of topical softening agents containing salicylic acid or urea, use of oral retinoids, and incision and drainage of cutaneous cysts may be helpful. Desquamation of the hyperkeratosis reveals an inflammatory plaque at the base.5,6 SUMMARY TABLE Condition Characteristics Epidermolysis bullosa Childhood onset with fluid-filled blisters that develop into thick-walled blisters; blistering is exacerbated by increased activity and warmer climates; associated with hyperhidrosis of the palms and soles Ichthyosis vulgaris Mild xerosis with scaling that is most pronounced on the lower extremities; present from birth; lesions on the palms and soles are nonsevere hyperlinear lines without blistering; associated with atopic dermatitis and keratosis pilaris on the arms and legs Pachyonychia congenita Genetic skin disorder causing extreme callus formation; thickened nails, blistering, and secondary infections are common Palmoplantar psoriasis Sharply marginated, erythematous plaques with silvery or yellow scales; skin becomes thickened and keratotic; desquamation of the hyperkeratosis reveals an inflammatory plaque at the base

AbstractIntroductionBlunt traumatic injuries are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the pediatric population. Contrast‐enhanced multidetector computed tomography is the best imaging tool for screening patients at risk of blunt abdominal injury. The Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) abdominal rule was derived to identify patients at low risk for significant abdominal injury who do not require imaging. MethodsWe conducted a retrospective review of pediatric patients with blunt trauma to validate the PECARN rule in a non‐pediatric specialized hospital from February 3, 2013, through December 31, 2019. We excluded those with penetrating or mild isolated head injury. The PECARN decision rule was retrospectively applied for the presence of a therapeutic intervention, defined as a laparotomy, angiographic embolization, blood transfusion, or administration of intravenous fluids for pancreatic or gastrointestinal injury. Sensitivity and specificity analysis were conducted along with the negative and positive predictive values. ResultsA total of 794 patients were included in the final analysis; 23 patients met the primary outcome for an acute intervention. The PECARN clinical decision rule (CDR) had a sensitivity of 91.3%, a negative predictive value of 99.5, and a negative likelihood ration of 0.16. ConclusionIn a non‐pediatric specialty hospital, the PECARN blunt abdominal CDR performed with comparable sensitivity and negative predictive value to the derivation and external validation study performed at specialized children's hospitals.

Shin, S., Lee, K.-H., Kim, D.-S., Kim, K.-H., and Hong, K., 2013. A study on the optimal shape of wave energy conversion system using an oscillating water column With the intention of diversifying energy sources, the use of natural and renewable energy sources such as sunlight, wind, tides, geothermal heats and waves is attracting favorable attention. Furthermore, current environmental issues, including global warming, ozone depletion and nuclear problems, promote development of renewable energy technologies. Many renewable energy technologies are however still under progress. Among these, the wave energy conversion system using an oscillating water column (OWC) is nearing commercial stage. OWC use the air flow induced by the vertical motion of water column in the air chamber as a driving force of turbine. Although it is well known that OWC is one of the most efficient devices to harness wave power, there is still much uncertainty about the relationship between the optimal shape and its hydrodynamic performance under the confined wave conditions. In this study, we propose a new computational fluid dynamics solver using on the immiscible two-phase (gas and water) flow model to simulate an OWC system in a two and three dimensional numerical wave tank. The numerical experiments focus on air flow velocity directly related to the working of turbine to survey the optimal shape. In order to validate the developed numerical model, laboratory experiments for the simplified OWC are carried out in a wave tank under regular wave conditions. The comparisons between the results of the developed numerical model and experimental data reveal a favorable agreement between the air flow velocity as well as the water surface profiles. Based on the validated numerical model, the effects of the inlet and chamber shapes including length, height, width and slope on the maximum air flow velocity are numerically investigated. As a result, in case the non-dimensional chamber width normalized by the incident wave length is in the range of 0.12 to 0.43, the maximum air flow velocity occurs with the increase of the inlet height and shortness of the inlet length.

The following sections are included: Context of Vietnam–China Relations and Vietnam's Economic Situation Vietnam's economic situation post-financial crisis Vietnam–China political relations Trade Relations Trade balance Structure of export–import goods between two countries China's FDI in Vietnam China's FDI: 1991–2010 Characteristics of China's FDI in Vietnam Opportunities and Challenges for the Development of Vietnam Opportunities Challenges Conclusion Bibliography