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We aimed to use transcriptomics, bioinformatics analysis, and core gene validation to identify the core gene and potential mechanisms for electroacupuncture (EA) treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). EA was performed in mice after induction of UC dextran sodium sulfate. Body weight, disease activity index (DAI), colon length, and hematoxylin-eosin of the colon tissue were used to evaluate the effects of EA. Mice transcriptome samples were analyzed to identify the core genes, and further verified with human transcriptome database; the ImmuCellAI database was used to analyze the relationship between the core gene and immune infiltrating cells (IICs); and immunofluorescence was used to verify the results. EA could reduce DAI and histological colitis scores, increase bodyweight and colon length, and improve the expression of local and systemic proinflammatory factors in the serum and colon of UC mice. Eighteen co-differentially expressed genes were identified by joint bioinformatics analyses of mouse and human transcriptional data; was the core gene. EA affected IICs by inhibiting expression and regulated the polarization of macrophages by affecting the Th1 cytokine IFN-γ, inhibiting the expression of CXCL1. CXCL1 is the target of EA, which is associated with the underlying immune mechanism related to Th1 cytokine IFN-γ.

In response to the current issues of one-sided effective feature extraction and low classification accuracy in multi-class motor imagery recognition, this study proposes an Electroencephalogram (EEG) signal recognition method based on multi-domain feature fusion and optimized multi-kernel extreme learning machine. Firstly, the EEG signals are preprocessed using the Improved Comprehensive Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (ICEEMD) algorithm combined with the Pearson correlation coefficient to eliminate noise and interference. Secondly, multivariate autoregressive (MVAR) model, wavelet packet decomposition, and Riemannian geometry methods are used to extract features from the time domain, frequency domain, and spatial domain, respectively, to construct a joint time-frequency-space feature vector. Subsequently, kernel principal component analysis (KPCA) is employed to fuse and reduce the dimensionality of the joint features, resulting in a reduced-dimensional fused feature vector. Finally, these feature vectors are input into a Radius-incorporated multi-kernel extreme learning machine (RIO-MKELM) for classification. The experimental results indicate that through multi-domain feature fusion and the incorporation of radius in a multi-kernel extreme learning machine, feature selection can be performed more effectively, eliminating redundant or irrelevant features and retaining the most useful information for classification. This approach enhances classification accuracy and other evaluation metrics, with the final classification accuracy reaching 95.49%, sensitivity at 97.88%, specificity at 98.12%, recall at 97.88%, and F1 Score at 96.67%. The findings of this study are of significant importance for the development and practical application of brain-computer interface (BCI) systems.

The abundance and biological contribution of natural killer (NK) cells in cancer are controversial. Here, we aim to uncover clinical relevance and cellular roles of NK cells in colon cancer liver metastasis (CCLM). Here, we integrated single-cell RNA-sequencing, spatial transcriptomics (ST), and bulk RNA-sequencing datasets to investigate NK cells’ biological properties and functions in the microenvironment of primary and liver metastatic tumors. Results were validated through an in vitro co-culture experiment based on bioinformatics analysis. Useing single-cell RNA-sequencing and ST, we mapped the immune cellular landscape of colon cancer and well-matched liver metastatic cancer. We discovered that GZMK+ resting NK cells increased significantly in tumor tissues and were enriched in the tumor regions of both diseases. After combining bulk RNA and clinical data, we observed that these NK cell subsets contributed to a worse prognosis. Meanwhile, KIR2DL4+ activated NK cells exhibited the opposite position and relevance. Pseudotime cell trajectory analysis revealed the evolution of activated to resting NK cells. In vitro experiments further confirmed that tumor-cell-co-cultured NK cells exhibited a decidual-like status, as evidenced by remarkable increasing CD9 expression. Functional experiments finally revealed that NK cells exhibited tumor-activating characteristics by promoting the dissociation of SCF (stem cell factor) on the tumor cells membrane depending on cell-to-cell interaction, as the supernatant of the co-culture system enhanced tumor progression. In summary, our findings revealed resting NK cells exhibited a clinical relevance with CCLM, which may be exploited for novel strategies to improve therapeutic outcomes for patients with CCLM.

An enhanced electro-optical Kerr effect of the stable self-organized cubic blue phase liquid crystal superstructure at a relatively low temperature down to −50 °C was achieved through a judiciously designed fluorinated polymer stabilization. The fluorinated sample exhibited not only a rather stable cubic structure, but the promoted electro-optical performances of low driving voltage, weak hysteresis and high contrast ratio at such a low-temperature, which were much distinct from the common non-fluorinated polymer stabilized blue phase liquid crystal without conspicuous low-temperature Kerr response behaviours. Kerr constant, which reflects the obviousness of Kerr effect, of the fluorinated sample at −50 °C indicated a spectacular enhancement of two orders of magnitude in contrast to the commonly material, thereby corroborating the high efficiency of polymer fluorination in enhancing low-temperature Kerr effect. Such an enhancement of Kerr effect was probably resulted from the decreasing of interfacial anchoring between liquid crystal and fluorinated polymer network. The fluorinated polymer stabilization not only ensures the stability of self-organized cubic structure of blue phase, but overcomes the challenge and bottleneck problem of low-temperature inapplicability of common blue phase liquid crystal and paves a brilliant and broad way for relevant materials to abundant perspective applications at low temperature.

Volatility monitoring of a tiny amount of organic solvent, which reflects the profound understanding of the micro‐environmental chemical physics effect, plays a significant role in chemical reactions. Common approaches, such as microfluidic technology, undeniably encounter the issue of complicated fabrication or high cost, impeding their large‐scale application for monitoring the processes of chemical physics in micro‐reactions. Herein, a helical polymer film (HPF) molded by a cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) is reported to record the helical arrangement. By infiltrating less than 1.0 μL volatile solvent into the HPF and monitoring the corresponding reflection spectral behaviors, an intrinsic dynamic chemical physics process, solvent properties, and molecular interactions between the solvent and the polymer network are quantitatively evaluated. Furthermore, to further explore the underlying interaction mechanism that results in spectral band shift, a dynamical model is established and elucidated, providing remarkable information and understanding of the dynamic chemical physics processes and interfacial molecular interactions between the solvent and the polymer. This work has tied a close bond among chemical engineering, photonics, and soft condensed physics, which can provide an avenue for the new field of application of LC photonics beyond display and optics. A strategy for achieving dynamic and real‐time monitoring of minimal organic solvent volatilization by infiltrating the target solvent into the prepared helical polymer film is proposed. This method is a powerful and promising candidate for analyzing and evaluating the relevant chemical physics properties of organic solvents in chemical micro‐environments or micro‐systems.

In this paper, a robust control strategy with guaranteed transient performance is presented for spacecraft attitude maneuvers. Firstly, a Lyapunov-based controller is designed to achieve high-performance attitude control in the absence of disturbance and parameter variation. Unlike most existing designs, the feedback gains in the proposed controller increase with the attitude error convergence. Consequently, the system response can be accelerated without increasing the control torque at large attitude error. The overshooting phenomenon is also avoided by imposing a restriction on the parameter selection. Then, the integral sliding mode control technique is employed to preserve the desired transient characteristics and improve the robustness. Furthermore, by combining an adaptive scheme with the boundary layer method, the conservativeness in the switching gain selection is reduced and the chattering is also suppressed. Theoretical analysis and simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.

Objective To observe the effect of acupuncture on the expression of mitochondrial proteome in hippocampus of senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) mice models with Alzheimer disease (AD), and to explore the possible protective mechanism of acupuncture on mitochondria. Methods Sixty 6-month-old male SAMP8 mice were randomly divided into an acupuncture at acupoint group, an acupuncture at non-acupoint group and a model group, 20 mice in each group. The 20 male senescence-accelerated mouse/resistance 1 (SAMR1) mice of the same age were used as a normal control group. Shenshu (BL 23), Baihui (GV 20), Xuehai (SP 10) and Geshu (BL 17) were selected for acupuncture intervention in acupuncture at acupoint group. After an 8-week intervention, mitochondrial tissues were extracted from the hippocampus. Differentially expressed proteins were identified by subcellular organelle proteomics. Western blot was used to verify the expressions of some related proteins in hippocampal mitochondria. Results Compared with the model group, there were 13 differentially expressed protein spots in the acupuncture at acupoint group, of which, 9 were up-regulated, including neurofilament light polypeptide (NFL), actin (cytoplasmic 1, database ID: ACTB), tubulin beta-2A chain (TBB2A), tropomodulin-2 (TMOD2), pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit beta (PDHE1-β), NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase 75 kDa subunit (database ID: NDUS1), heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein (HSC71), pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit alpha (PDHE1-α) and ATP synthase beta subunit (ATP-β); 4 were down-regulated, including glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase 1 (PDP1), mitochondrial-processing peptidase subunit alpha (MMP-α) and adenosine kinase (ADK). According to the information provided in the protein database, most of the differentially expressed proteins involve the regulation of mitochondrial function and structure. The expression levels of NFL and TBB2A in the normal control group and the acupuncture at acupoint group were significantly higher than those in the acupuncture at non-acupoint group ( P <0.05). ATP-β and NDUS1 expression levels were significantly higher in the acupuncture at acupoint group than those in the acupuncture at non-acupoint group ( P <0.05); there was no significant difference between the acupuncture at non-acupoint group and the model group ( P >0.05). Conclusion Acupuncture may achieve the potential therapeutic effect on AD by regulating the structure and functional proteins of hippocampal mitochondria.

The abundance and biological contribution of natural killer (NK) cells in cancer are controversial. Here, we aim to uncover clinical relevance and cellular roles of NK cells in colon cancer liver metastasis (CCLM). Here, we integrated single-cell RNA-sequencing, spatial transcriptomics (ST), and bulk RNA-sequencing datasets to investigate NK cells’ biological properties and functions in the microenvironment of primary and liver metastatic tumors. Results were validated through an in vitro co-culture experiment based on bioinformatics analysis. Useing single-cell RNA-sequencing and ST, we mapped the immune cellular landscape of colon cancer and well-matched liver metastatic cancer. We discovered that GZMK+ resting NK cells increased significantly in tumor tissues and were enriched in the tumor regions of both diseases. After combining bulk RNA and clinical data, we observed that these NK cell subsets contributed to a worse prognosis. Meanwhile, KIR2DL4+ activated NK cells exhibited the opposite position and relevance. Pseudotime cell trajectory analysis revealed the evolution of activated to resting NK cells. In vitro experiments further confirmed that tumor-cell-co-cultured NK cells exhibited a decidual-like status, as evidenced by remarkable increasing CD9 expression. Functional experiments finally revealed that NK cells exhibited tumor-activating characteristics by promoting the dissociation of SCF (stem cell factor) on the tumor cells membrane depending on cell-to-cell interaction, as the supernatant of the co-culture system enhanced tumor progression. In summary, our findings revealed resting NK cells exhibited a clinical relevance with CCLM, which may be exploited for novel strategies to improve therapeutic outcomes for patients with CCLM.

Balancing with the influence coefficient method can eliminate rotor unbalance effectively and briefly which usually causes mechanical vibration. But the accuracy of this method is susceptible to operating condition and the structure of mechanical equipments will leads to unstable equilibrium outcomes. The theoretical study of the influence coefficient balancing method can find that the solution process of balancing weight does not involve the mechanical nature of unbalance vibration, and therefore it will be subject to greater interference of equation’s ill-conditioned characteristics. By introducing the modal superposition, vibration mode function can be linked with the influence coefficients to establish the relationship between counter weight location parameters and ill-conditioned equations. The simulation results of multiple-blade rotor shows that positions of balancing weight will exert great influence on ill-conditioned characteristics. So the position parameters should be chosen in front of balancing service reasonably.

Purpose: The abundance and biological contribution of Natural killer (NK) cells in cancer are controversial. Here, we aim to uncover clinical relevance and cellular roles of NK cells in colon cancer liver metastasis (CCLM). Methods: We integrated single-cell RNA sequencing, spatial transcriptomics, and bulk RNA-sequencing datasets to investigate NK cells' biological properties and functions in the microenvironment of primary and liver metastatic tumors. Results were validated through an in vitro co-culture experiment based on bioinformatics analysis. Results: We used single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics to map the immune cellular landscape of colon cancer and well-matched liver metastatic cancer. We discovered that GZMK+ resting NK cells increased significantly in tumor tissues and were enriched in the tumor regions of both diseases. After combining bulk RNA and clinical data, we observed that these NK cell subsets contributed to a worse prognosis. Meanwhile, KIR2DL4+ activated NK cells exhibited the opposite position and relevance. Pseudotime cell trajectory analysis revealed the evolution of activated to resting NK cells. In vitro experiments further confirmed that tumor-cell-co-cultured NK cells exhibited a resting status, as evidenced by decreased KIR2DL4 expression. Functional experiments finally revealed that NK cells exhibited tumor-activating characteristics by promoting the dissociation and release of SCF on the tumor cells membrane depending on cell-to-cell interaction, as the supernatant of the co-culture system enhanced tumor progression. Conclusion: Together, our findings revealed a population of protumorigenic NK cells that may be exploited for novel therapeutic strategies to improve therapeutic outcomes for patients with CCLM.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest.