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Investing in transitional care programs is critical for ensuring continuity of health and coordinated care for older adults transitioning across health settings. However, literature delineating the scope of transitional care programs across Canada is limited. The aim of this systematic review of text and opinion is to characterize Canadian transitional care programs for older adults transitioning from hospital to home. Following JBI guidelines for systematic review of text and opinion, we conducted a search of Canadian grey literature sources published online between 2016 to 2023. A 3-phase search was undertaken for: 1) Canadian databases and organizational websites; 2) advanced Google search of national sources and news media reports; and 3) advanced Google search of provincial/territorial sources. Two reviewers independently screened sources for eligibility against inclusion criteria. Data were extracted by one reviewer and verified by a second. Textual data were extracted from multiple sources to characterize each transitional care program. Grey literature search produced a total of 17,092 text and opinion sources, identifying 119 transitional care programs in Canada. Model of care was a key characteristic defining the design and delivery of transitional care programs within community (n = 42), hospital (n = 45), and facility-based (n = 32) settings. Programs were characterized by goal, population and eligibility, setting and length of program, intervention and services, and healthcare team members. Patient, caregiver, and health system outcomes were reported for 18 programs. The province of Ontario has the most transitional care programs (n = 84) and reported outcomes, followed by British Columbia (n = 10). Characterizing transitional care programs is important for informing health services planning and scaling up of transitional care program models across Canada. Recognizing transitional care programs as a core health service is critical to meet the health care needs of older adults at the right time and place. PROSPERO ID 298821.

Health researchers are increasingly using social media in a professional capacity, and the applications of social media for health researchers are vast. However, there is currently no published evidence synthesis of the ways in which health researchers use social media professionally, and uncertainty remains as to how best to harness its potential. This scoping review aimed to explore how social media is used by health researchers professionally, as reported in the literature. The scoping review methodology guided by Arksey and O'Malley and Levac et al was used. Comprehensive searches based on the concepts of health research and social media were conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, ERIC, and Web of Science databases, with no limitations applied. Articles were screened at the title and abstract level and at full text by two reviewers. One reviewer extracted data that were analyzed descriptively to map the available evidence. A total of 8359 articles were screened at the title and abstract level, of which 719 were also assessed at full text for eligibility. The 414 articles identified for inclusion were published in 278 different journals. Studies originated from 31 different countries, with the most prevalent being the United States (52.7% [218/414]). The health discipline of the first authors varied, with medicine (33.3% [138/414]) being the most common. A third of the articles covered health generally, with 61 health-specific topics. Papers used a range of social media platforms (mean 1.33 [SD 0.7]). A quarter of the articles screened reported on social media use for participant recruitment (25.1% [104/414]), followed by practical ways to use social media (15.5% [64/414]), and use of social media for content analysis research (13.3% [55/414]). Articles were categorized as celebratory (ie, opportunities for engagement, 72.2% [299/414]), contingent (ie, opportunities and possible limitations, 22.7% [94/414]) and concerned (ie, potentially harmful, 5.1% [21/414]). Health researchers are increasingly publishing on their use of social media for a range of professional purposes. Although most of the sentiment around the use of social media in health research was celebratory, the uses of social media varied widely. Future research is needed to support health researchers to optimize their social media use.

Objective This scoping review aimed to map the literature on knowledge mobilization (KMb), the reciprocal exchange of knowledge and expertise among key partners to bridge research and practice, in the childhood cancer community, identifying key needs, barriers, facilitators, and alignment with the knowledge-to-action (KTA) framework. Methods A comprehensive search was completed across Medline, Scopus, and ERIC. Data on study characteristics, KMb categories, barriers/facilitators, and KTA approaches were extracted and analyzed. Results A total of 2522 unique articles were identified, of which 77 met the inclusion criteria (1988–2024). Most studies were conducted in high-income countries (n = 54, 70.1%), with 5.2% from lower-middle-income countries (n = 4) and none from low-income countries. Collectively, 27,888 professionals and 50,786 patients were included in the studies. Four key categories resurfaced for KMb needs in this community: information and communication; medical management; training and education; and supports. Categories related to barriers and facilitators for effective KMb include information complexity and standardization; technical challenges to KMb; staff resistance and engagement; resource limitations; cultural and social factors; caregivers’ and parents’ values; and time constraints. While 76.6% of studies (n = 59) proposed KMb interventions, fewer than 20% (n = 14, 18.2%) offered evidence of sustaining knowledge use over time. Conclusion The state of the literature indicates that the childhood cancer community faces complex KMb needs and barriers. Future research and innovation should focus on patient and family engagement, address socioeconomic and cultural disparities, and explore how technology can enhance KMb, practice, and policy.

Survivors of childhood cancer are at risk of medical, psychological, and social late effects. To screen for their risks, receipt of consistent, cancer-specific follow-up care is crucial. However, <50% of survivors attend their aftercare, and only 35% of them recognize that they could have a serious health problem. The use of mobile health (mHealth) is a promising form of intervention to educate, connect, and empower survivors of childhood cancer on the importance of follow-up care. This study aimed to use co-design to identify the priority components to include in an mHealth intervention with young adult (aged between 18 and 39 years) survivors of childhood cancer and health care providers. This study was conducted between January and November 2022 in Canada and used patient-oriented research methods. Participants were recruited through local or provincial long-term follow-up clinics, using convenience sampling from patient partners who assisted in recruiting survivors across geographical areas in western, central, and eastern Canada, and social media outreach (X, formally known as Twitter; Facebook; and Instagram). Qualitative descriptive data (focus group interviews) from survivors of childhood cancer and health care providers (individual interviews) were gathered. We analyzed the collected data using reflexive thematic analysis and verified it through member checking techniques through an online community engagement event. We conducted with patient partners 5 online (Zoom) focus groups with 22 survivors of childhood cancer (mean age 29.19, SD 4.78 y). We conducted individual telephone interviews with 7 health care providers. Participants identified five priority areas to be included in an mHealth intervention: (1) connections, (2) education and information, (3) engagement, (4) personalization, and (5) resources. Results were shared with and validated by survivors of childhood cancer, their families, health care providers, and academic researchers as part of a community engagement event. Small and large group discussions were facilitated to allow participants to review and discuss the accuracy of the themes derived regarding the core components to be included in mHealth. A graphic recording artist visually captured key ideas from the event. A subset of the participants also completed a web-based satisfaction survey, and responses indicated that the community engagement event was generally well received. Results from this study have provided the necessary foundation to progress in intervention development. The next step of this multiphased project is to build an innovative and accessible mHealth intervention prototype that is based on the identified core components and is grounded in an established conceptual framework for co-design of mHealth.

Finding reliable, evidence-based information and resources concerning pediatric oncology can be a challenge for childhood cancer community members worldwide. The knowledge mobilization activities of civil society organizations around the world can improve the creation and sharing of pertinent informational resources. A comprehensive understanding of all of the civil society organizations that exist, and their knowledge mobilization activities is missing in the extant literature. This environmental scan of online resources will provide a snapshot of civil society organizations that serve the pediatric oncology community around the world and map the different ways that they disseminate information. Through mapping this organizational landscape, our study will highlight existing gaps and propose novel strategies. This novel global environmental scan methodology will outline each step acting as a guide for others seeking to optimize and magnify knowledge mobilization efforts.

Introduction Adolescents and young adults diagnosed with cancer (AYAs) are under-represented in research. The Internet and social media could increase the reach of recruitment efforts but may impact sample characteristics. This study evaluated the characteristics of AYAs recruited in-person at an urban hospital versus the Internet in terms of their sociodemographic and medical characteristics, and psychosocial wellbeing, and offers recommendation for increasing the inclusivity and representativeness of research samples. Methods Participant data from a cross-sectional survey of AYAs in Canada were evaluated. In-person hospital recruitment used a registry to identify patients attending ambulatory clinics. Internet recruitment included notices on hospital, team members’, and community partners’ social media channels, and email newsletters. Independent sample t-tests and Chi-squared tests were used to identify differences in participant sociodemographic, medical, and psychosocial characteristics based on recruitment source. Results Of 436 participants, 217 (49.8%) were recruited in-person and 219 (50.2%) online. Online participants were more likely: to be white (p < .001), women (p < .001), and Canadian-born (p < .001); to speak English at home (p < .001), live alone (p = .001) and live in rural settings (p = .014); and to be farther from diagnosis (p = .023), diagnosed with breast cancer (p < .001), and cancer free (p < .001) compared to the hospital sample. Online participants also reported higher anxiety, depression, and loneliness (p < .001), and lower social support (p < .001), self-efficacy for coping with cancer (p < .001), and life satisfaction (p = .006). Conclusions Online recruitment yielded a more geographically diverse but less sociodemographically diverse sample of AYAs who were farther from diagnosis and had poorer psychosocial wellbeing than in-person recruitment at an urban hospital. Future research efforts should consider partnering with under-represented communities and using targeted and stratified online and in-person recruitment strategies to achieve an inclusive and representative sample of AYAs.

This study examined the hypothesis that a brief, strengths-based home visiting strategy can promote positive engagement between caregiver and child and thereby reduce various forms of early childhood neglect. A total of 731 low-income families receiving services through the Women, Infants, and Children nutritional supplement program were randomized to the Women, Infants, and Children as usual or the Family Check-Up intervention. Assessments and intervention services were delivered in the home environment at ages 2, 3, 4, and 5. During the assessments, staff videotaped caregiver–child interactions and rated various features of the home environment, including the physical appropriateness of the home setting for children. Trained observers later coded the videotapes, unaware of the family's intervention condition. Specific caregiver–child interaction patterns were coded and macroratings were made of the caregiver's affection, monitoring, and involvement with the child. An intention to treat design revealed that randomization to the Family Check-Up increased duration of positive engagement between caregivers and children by age 3, which in turn was prognostic of less neglect of the child at age 4, controlling for family adversity. It was also found that family adversity moderated the impact of the intervention, such that the families with the most adverse circumstances were highly responsive to the intervention. Families with the highest levels of adversity exhibited the strongest mediation between positive engagement and reduction of neglect. Findings are discussed with respect to developmental theory and their potential implications for a public health approach to the prevention of early childhood maltreatment.

Purpose To review the characteristics and effects Internet‐based youth smoking prevention and cessation programs. Design Systematic review of published articles in peer‐reviewed journals in the past 10 years, focused on Internet‐based youth smoking prevention and cessation programs. Methods Twelve articles were selected based on the following criteria: studies reporting the outcomes of Internet‐based smoking cessation or prevention intervention programs for adolescents who are younger than 24 years. Findings The components of youth Internet‐based smoking intervention programs are analyzed based on study features (i.e., sample, design, theoretical basis, analysis, outcome measures) and program characteristics (i.e., focus, setting, frequency, duration, intensity, and different components) that make the programs effective. The most common components of effective Internet‐based programs are identified as the following: the use of multimedia, tailored approaches, personalized feedback, and interactive features. Conclusions The characteristics and effects of the programs vary, but most programs show positive results in youth smoking prevention and cessation in spite of the studies’ limitations. Clinical Relevance The evidence from this review provides useful information of recent efforts related to Internet‐based youth smoking prevention and cessation programs, which can have significant clinical implications in developing future innovative youth smoking prevention and intervention programs.

Purpose : To explore maternal responsiveness in the first 2 to 4 months after delivery and to evaluate potential predictors of maternal responsiveness, including infant feeding, maternal characteristics, and demographic factors such as age, socioeconomic status, and educational level. Design and Methods : A cross‐sectional survey design was used to assess the variables of maternal responsiveness, feeding patterns, and maternal characteristics in a convenience sample of 177 mothers in the first 2 to 4 months after delivery. The 60‐item self‐report instrument included scales to measure maternal responsiveness, self‐esteem, and satisfaction with life as well as infant feeding questions and sociodemographic items. An online data‐collection strategy was used, resulting in participants from 41 U.S. states. Findings : Multiple regression analysis showed that satisfaction with life, self‐esteem, and number of children, but not breastfeeding, explained a significant portion of the variance in self‐reported maternal responsiveness scores. In this analysis, sociodemographic variables such as age, education, income, and work status showed little or no relationship to maternal responsiveness scores. Conclusions : This study provides additional information about patterns of maternal behavior in the transition to motherhood and some of the variables that influence that transition. Satisfaction with life was a new predictor of maternal responsiveness. However, with only 15% of the variance explained by the predictors in this study, a large portion of the variance in maternal responsiveness remains unexplained. Further research in this area is needed.

Anticoagulation medications are the leading cause of acute serious drug events among hospitalized patients. Since 2008, reducing patient harm associated with the use of anticoagulation therapy has been a Joint Commission National Patient Safety Goal. An instance when a patient developed a pulmonary embolism after being discharged with an incorrect enoxaparin prescription for a new deep vein thrombosis prompted a review of current practices related to education for patients receiving anticoagulation therapy. A nurse-driven initiative was implemented to evaluate and improve the workflow for providers and nurses caring for patients receiving anticoagulation therapy and to update educational materials for patients and caregivers. A multidisciplinary group was convened; the root cause analysis (RCA) highlighted several educational and practice gaps including the ordering and prescribing of anticoagulation therapy and the understanding of the treatment and outpatient follow-up plans. Interventions were targeted to improve workflow, documentation, and promote a consistent approach to patient/family education. Following the RCA, five nurses (anticoagulation NP, program nurse, bedside RN, nurse manager and nursing professional development specialist) created patient/family anticoagulation educational resources with the goal of developing best-practice recommendations and consistent information. An Enoxaparin Safety Checklist was created to ensure that nurses understand what needs to be taught and demonstrated for a safe patient discharge and to reduce the variability in care and education. Dissemination and implementation of the teaching tools has occurred through unit in-services, department meetings and individual 1:1 teaching. The incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) is increasing due to advances in technology and medical care in the oncology population, especially patients with central venous catheters, patients receiving asparaginase therapy, and patients recovering from surgical procedures. Patients and families require extensive teaching to safely be discharged on anticoagulation therapy. To meet this need, nurses must be empowered with structured tools, such as checklists and evidence-based patient/family educational information, to provide standardized and consistent education for a patient's successful discharge to home.