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"Drury, Rebecca"
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Printed pattern : printing by hand from potato prints to silkscreen
This is a handbook on how to develop and use patterns on a wide range of domestic items, including 15-20 inspirational and adaptable projects. The book shows how to select concepts, gives suggestions for choosing ideas and pulling themes together and teaches how to develop looks for interior spaces.
Book
Hungry for Success
Rising urban prosperity is escalating demand for wild animal products in Vietnam. Conservation interventions seek to influence consumer demand, but are based on a limited understanding of consumers and consumption behaviour. This report presents key findings of a structured survey (n=915) and semi-structured interviews (n=78) to investigate the social context of consumption of wild animal-derived products among the population of central Hanoi. Wildmeat is the product most commonly reported consumed—predominantly by successful, high-income, high-status males of all ages and educational levels—and is used as a medium to communicate prestige and obtain social leverage. As Vietnam’s economy grows and its population ages, demand for wildmeat and medicinal products is likely to rise. Given the difficulties of acting on personal rather than collective interests and the symbolic role of wildmeat in an extremely status-conscious society, reducing demand is challenging. Influencing consumer behaviour over the long term requires social marketing expertise and has to be informed by an in-depth understanding, achieved using appropriate methods, of the social drivers of consumer demand for wild animal products. In the meantime, strengthened enforcement is needed to prevent the demand being met from consumers prepared to pay the rising costs of finding the last individuals of a species.
Journal Article
The implementation of A Road Map to Kindergarten© in Contra Costa County
The purpose of this study was to obtain a better understanding of how A Road Map to Kindergarten© tool was being implemented with parents, families and teachers in Contra Costa County. The road map tool was designed to ensure a successful preschool to kindergarten transition, as research suggests that effective transitions are a benefit to the entire family and community while also supporting the child’s academic and social success in the future. Survey data were collected from 20 centers, 35 preschool teachers and 260 parents/guardians to examine how the Road Map tool was being implemented and how, if it all, it was supporting the transition to kindergarten process in Contra Costa county. Findings suggest that the majority of preschool teachers believed the tool assisted them in their discussions and preparation with parents and families about the transition into kindergarten. Parents and families currently going through the transition process with their children found the tool more beneficial than those who had previously experienced a kindergarten transition. However, the majority of survey respondents reported that the Road Map tool provides helpful information and supports the transition process. Research literature on successful kindergarten transitions, school readiness, and family engagement in schools is used to inform discussion of the findings.
Dissertation
Anatomical and functional studies of vestibular neuroepithelia from patients with Ménière's disease
Surgical removal of vestibular end organs is a final treatment option for people with intractable Ménière's disease (MD). Here, we used surgically excised vestibular neuroepithelium from patients with MD for (1) anatomical investigation of hair cell and nerve fibre markers using immunohistochemistry, and (2) functional studies using electrophysiological recordings of voltage-activated currents. Our data show considerable reduction in and disorganisation of vestibular hair cells in the cristae ampullares. Nerve fibres maintain contact with remaining sensory receptors but appear thin in regions in which hair cells are absent. Electrophysiological recordings of voltage-activated potassium currents from surviving hair cells demonstrated normal activity in both type I and type II vestibular hair cells. Current-voltage plots from type I vestibular hair cells are consistent with the presence of a surrounding calyx afferent terminal. These data indicate that the surviving hair cells that were sampled in patients with MD remain functional and capable of transmitting sensory information to the central nervous system. Determining functionality of vestibular receptors and nerves is critical for vestibular implant research to restore balance in people with MD.
Journal Article
Corrigendum: Organotypic culture of neonatal murine inner ear explants
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00170.].
Journal Article
Establishment and characterization of oviductal organoids from farm and companion animals
Organoid technology has provided a unique opportunity to study early human development and decipher various steps involved in the pathogenesis of disease. The technology is already used in clinics to improve human patient outcomes. However, limited knowledge of the methodologies required to establish organoid culture systems in domestic animals has slowed the advancement and application of organoid technology in veterinary medicine. This is particularly true for the field of reproduction and the application of assisted reproductive technologies (ART). Here, we have developed a platform to grow oviductal organoids from five domestic species—bovine, porcine, equine, feline, and canine. The organoids were grown progressively from single cells derived from the enzymatic digestion of freshly collected infundibular/fimbrial samples. The addition of WNT, TGFβ, BMP, ROCK, and Notch signaling pathway activators or inhibitors to the organoid culture medium suggested remarkable conservation of the molecular signals involved in oviductal epithelial development and differentiation across species. The gross morphology of organoids from all the domestic species was initially similar. However, some differences in size, complexity, and growth rate were subsequently observed and described. After 21 days, well-defined and synchronized motile ciliated cells were observed in organoids. Histopathologically, oviductal organoids mimicked their respective native tissue. In summary, we have carried out a detailed cross-species comparison of oviductal organoids, which would be valuable in advancing our knowledge of oviduct physiology and, potentially, help in increasing the success of ART. Summary Sentence Organoids can be derived from the oviductal epithelium of bovine, feline, canine, equine, and porcine to advance assisted reproductive technologies in animals. Graphical Abstract
Journal Article
Organotypic Culture of Neonatal Murine Inner Ear Explants
The inner ear is a complex organ containing highly specialised cell types and structures that are critical for sensing sound and movement.
In vivo
, the inner ear is difficult to study due to the osseous nature of the otic capsule and its encapsulation within an intricate bony labyrinth. As such, mammalian inner ear explants are an invaluable tool for the study and manipulation of the complex intercellular connections, structures, and cell types within this specialised organ. The greatest strength of this technique is that the complete organ of Corti, or peripheral vestibular organs including hair cells, supporting cells and accompanying neurons, is maintained in its
in situ
form. The greatest weakness of
in vitro
hair cell preparations is the short time frame in which the explanted tissue remains viable. Yet, cochlear explants have proven to be an excellent experimental model for understanding the fundamental aspects of auditory biology, substantiated by their use for over 40 years. In this protocol, we present a modernised inner ear explant technique that employs organotypic cell culture inserts and serum free media. This approach decreases the likelihood of explant damage by eliminating the need for adhesive substances. Serum free media also restricts excessive cellular outgrowth and inter-experimental variability, both of which are side effects of exogenous serum addition to cell cultures. The protocol described can be applied to culture both cochlear and vestibular explants from various mammals. Example outcomes are demonstrated by immunohistochemistry, hair cell quantification, and electrophysiological recordings to validate the versatility and viability of the protocol.
Journal Article
Development and characterization of human fetal female reproductive tract organoids to understand Müllerian duct anomalies
Müllerian ducts are paired tubular structures that give rise to most of the female reproductive organs. Any abnormalities in the development and differentiation of these ducts lead to anatomical defects in the female reproductive tract organs categorized as Müllerian duct anomalies. Due to the limited access to fetal tissues, little is understood of human reproductive tract development and the associated anomalies. Although organoids represent a powerful model to decipher human development and disease, such organoids from fetal reproductive organs are not available. Here, we developed organoids from human fetal fallopian tubes and uteri and compared them with their adult counterparts. Our results demonstrate that human fetal reproductive tract epithelia do not express some of the typical markers of adult reproductive tract epithelia. Furthermore, fetal organoids are grossly, histologically, and proteomically different from adult organoids. While external supplementation of WNT ligands or activators in culture medium is an absolute requirement for the adult reproductive tract organoids, fetal organoids are able to grow in WNT-deficient conditions. We also developed decellularized tissue scaffolds from adult human fallopian tubes and uteri. Transplantation of fetal organoids onto these scaffolds led to the regeneration of the adult fallopian tube and uterine epithelia. Importantly, suppression of Wnt signaling, which is altered in patients with Müllerian duct anomalies, inhibits the regenerative ability of human fetal organoids and causes severe anatomical defects in the mouse reproductive tract. Thus, our fetal organoids represent an important platform to study the underlying basis of human female reproductive tract development and diseases.
Journal Article
Phase 1/2 trial of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 with a booster dose induces multifunctional antibody responses
More than 190 vaccines are currently in development to prevent infection by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Animal studies suggest that while neutralizing antibodies against the viral spike protein may correlate with protection, additional antibody functions may also be important in preventing infection. Previously, we reported early immunogenicity and safety outcomes of a viral vector coronavirus vaccine, ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222), in a single-blinded phase 1/2 randomized controlled trial of healthy adults aged 18–55 years (
NCT04324606
). Now we describe safety and exploratory humoral and cellular immunogenicity of the vaccine, from subgroups of volunteers in that trial, who were subsequently allocated to receive a homologous full-dose (SD/SD D56;
n
= 20) or half-dose (SD/LD D56;
n
= 32) ChAdOx1 booster vaccine 56 d following prime vaccination. Previously reported immunogenicity data from the open-label 28-d interval prime-boost group (SD/SD D28;
n
= 10) are also presented to facilitate comparison. Additionally, we describe volunteers boosted with the comparator vaccine (MenACWY;
n
= 10). In this interim report, we demonstrate that a booster dose of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 is safe and better tolerated than priming doses. Using a systems serology approach we also demonstrate that anti-spike neutralizing antibody titers, as well as Fc-mediated functional antibody responses, including antibody-dependent neutrophil/monocyte phagocytosis, complement activation and natural killer cell activation, are substantially enhanced by a booster dose of vaccine. A booster dose of vaccine induced stronger antibody responses than a dose-sparing half-dose boost, although the magnitude of T cell responses did not increase with either boost dose. These data support the two-dose vaccine regime that is now being evaluated in phase 3 clinical trials.
Two doses of the coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 boost antibody responses and functions in phase 1/2 trial participants.
Journal Article