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وجبة المساء : يوميات دبلوماسى فرنسي في سجن مصرى
وجبة المساء هو العنوان الذى اختاره \"أندريه ميكيل\" أبرز وجه في الاستشراق الفرنسي المعاصر، ليطلقه على يومياته عن الفترة التي قضاها فى السجن بالقاهرة، بين ثكنات احتجاز مباحث أمن الدولة، ومقر سجن الاستئناف المجاور لمديرية أمن القاهرة بميدان باب الخلق على مدى مائة وخمسة وثلاثين يوما، امتدت بين خريف 1961 وربيع 1962، مرورا بالاستجوابات الشاقة، وما تتطلبه في عرف بعض القائمين عليها من ألوان الضغط والمعاملة القاسية، ووصولا إلى الإقامة في سجن، يخصص جانب منه للمحكوم عليهم بالإعدام، أصحاب الملابس الحمراء، وجانب آخر للمسجونين العابرين، أصحاب الملابس الخضراء من مثيري الشغب والسارقين وأضرابهم، وجانب ثالث للجواسيس الذين أدرج بينهم أندريه ميكيل ورفاقه الدبلوماسيين الفرنسيين في القاهرة، المتمتعين نظريا بالحصانة الدبلوماسية الدولية، والذين تمت معاملتهم فعليا بتهم غير محددة، غامضة.
BOOK
Time-of-flight resolved light field fluctuations reveal deep human tissue physiology
Red blood cells (RBCs) transport oxygen to tissues and remove carbon dioxide. Diffuse optical flowmetry (DOF) assesses deep tissue RBC dynamics by measuring coherent fluctuations of multiply scattered near-infrared light intensity. While classical DOF measurements empirically correlate with blood flow, they remain far-removed from light scattering physics and difficult to interpret in layered media. To advance DOF measurements closer to the physics, here we introduce an interferometric technique, surmounting challenges of bulk motion to apply it in awake humans. We reveal two measurement dimensions: optical phase, and time-of-flight (TOF), the latter with 22 picosecond resolution. With this multidimensional data, we directly confirm the unordered, or Brownian, nature of optically probed RBC dynamics typically assumed in classical DOF. We illustrate how incorrect absorption assumptions, anisotropic RBC scattering, and layered tissues may confound classical DOF. By comparison, our direct method enables accurate and comprehensive assessment of blood flow dynamics in humans.
Diffuse optical flowmetry is widely used to assess blood flow dynamics, but has remained difficult to interpret. Here, the authors use interferometric near-infrared spectroscopy, revealing additional information about optical phase and time-of-flight, and observe the Brownian nature of blood flow dynamics in humans.
Journal Article
الصمت : لغة المعنى والوجود
الصمت حالة إشكالية وموضوع يمكن أن نعتبره أمرا ملغزا ومحيرا يخترق الحياة واليومي من غير أننعيره الإهتمام الذي يليق به. الصمت حال من الفراغ المشكل، وهو مرعب ومهدئ في الآن نفسه، ويحيل على العلاقة بسديم الكون بقدر إحالته على العلاقات الإجتماعية، التي تتميز بالصخب والضجيج وما يثيرانهما من قلق. بيد أن قلق الصخب والضجيج قد نستطيع التحكم فيه، غير أن العمق السادر للصمت يثير فينا من المخاوفومن الرعب ما يكاد يحطم ثوابت أنانا الهشة. وحين يحلل الأنثربولوجي ظاهرة الصمت، فإنه يحاول الإمساك بمعنى شيء هلامي، يوجد في الفاصل الواصل بين الظواهر العيانية. عصي على التفكير والتنظير، لأنه ينساب من بين أصابع فكرنا كالماء الزلال، الصمت حالاتفي اليومي والحياة، الصمت أمر يلزم متابعتها كما نتابع مسير فتات اليومي وشذراته المستعصية على القبض، وحين نفكره في تعاليه كما في خفائه وعيانيته، فإننا نمارس ما يمكن تسميته فلسفة لليومي.
Book
Glyphosate-based herbicide exposure: effects on gill microbiota of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and the aquatic bacterial ecosystem
Abstract
The herbicide glyphosate has been widely used in the past 40 years, under the assumption that side effects were minimal. In recent years, its impact on microbial compositions and potential indirect effects on plant, animal and human health have been strongly suspected. Glyphosate and co-formulates have been detected in various water sources, but our understanding of their potential effects on aquatic animals is still in its infancy compared with mammals. In this study, we investigated the effect of chronic exposure to an environmentally relevant concentration of glyphosate on bacterial communities of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Gills, gut contents and gut epithelia were then analyzed by metabarcoding targeting the 16S rRNA gene. Our results revealed that rainbow trout has its own bacterial communities that differ from their surrounding habitats and possess microbiomes specific to these three compartments. The glyphosate-based herbicide treatment significantly affected the gill microbiome, with a decrease in diversity. Glyphosate treatments disrupted microbial taxonomic composition and some bacteria seem to be sensitive to this environmental pollutant. Lastly, co-occurrence networks showed that microbial interactions in gills tended to decrease with chemical exposure. These results demonstrate that glyphosate could affect microbiota associated with aquaculture fish.
This study evalutes the impact of a low chronical exposition of glyphosate on gill and gut microbiomes of rainbow trout.
Journal Article
سورية الجنرال أسد
الكتاب واكب الجنرال من عام 1963 (يوم حدوث الانقلاب العسكرى الذى قادة العقيد -غير الحزبي- زياد الحريري.. وسموه بعد لك (ثورة البعث)!! وعودة المقدم المسرح الأسد إلى الجيش من وظيفته المدنية بوزارة الاقتصاد.. إلى أواخر عام 1991 تاريخ صدور هذا الكتاب. وذكر المؤلف بأمانة علمية راقية مصادر كل خبر وكل حدث من شهودة أو رواته، كما ترون فى لائحة المراجع آخر الكتاب، والتى تركها بلغتها الأصلية لمن يريد الرجوع إليها. أخيرا إذا رأى (بعض الأتباع) فى (بعض) هذا الكتاب كفرا بالدكتاتورية على حد تعبير الأستاذ رياض الترك - فالكل يعلم.. أن ناقل (الكفر) ليس بكافر.
BOOK
Monte Carlo Guidance for Better Imaging of Boreal Lakes in the Wavelength Region of 400–800 nm
Boreal lake depth, one of the most important parameters in numerical weather prediction and climate models through parametrization, helps in identifying notable environmental changes across the globe and in estimating its effect on the ecosystem in remote regions. However, there is no quantitative tool to effectively estimate lake depth from satellite images, leaving scientists to infer lake depth from extrapolation of statistics by relying on certain geological knowledge (such as those used in the Global Lake Database). The bottoms of boreal forest lakes are mainly composed of woody debris, and thus spectral imaging revealing contrast of woody debris can be used to estimate lake depth. Here, we use well-established Monte Carlo software to construct spectral images of boreal lakes that house woody debris, phytoplankton, and chlorophyll. This is accomplished by modeling the dynamic optical properties of selected boreal lakes and simulating the propagation of photons in the wavelength region of 400–800 nm. The results show that the spectral image contrast of boreal lakes is not only determined by the depth level and concentration level of phytoplankton and chlorophyll in water but is also affected by the spectral shape of background absorption, especially the contribution of pure water absorption in the total absorption of lake water.
Journal Article
Synthetic photoplethysmography (PPG) of the radial artery through parallelized Monte Carlo and its correlation to body mass index (BMI)
Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of death in the United States and obesity significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. The measurement of blood pressure (BP) is critical in monitoring and managing cardiovascular disease hence new wearable devices are being developed to make BP more accessible to physicians and patients. Several wearables utilize photoplethysmography from the wrist vasculature to derive BP assessment although many of these devices are still at the experimental stage. With the ultimate goal of supporting instrument development, we have developed a model of the photoplethysmographic waveform derived from the radial artery at the volar surface of the wrist. To do so we have utilized the relation between vessel biomechanics through Finite Element Method and Monte Carlo light transport model. The model shows similar features to that seen in PPG waveform captured using an off the shelf device. We observe the influence of body mass index on the PPG signal. A degradation the PPG signal of up to 40% in AC to DC signal ratio was thus observed.
Journal Article
Atomic structure of Lanreotide nanotubes revealed by cryo-EM
Functional and versatile nano- and microassemblies formed by biological molecules are found at all levels of life, from cell organelles to full organisms. Understanding the chemical and physicochemical determinants guiding the formation of these assemblies is crucial not only to understand the biological processes they carry out but also to mimic nature. Among the synthetic peptides forming well-defined nanostructures, the octapeptide Lanreotide has been considered one of the best characterized, in terms of both the atomic structure and its self-assembly process. In the present work, we determined the atomic structure of Lanreotide nanotubes at 2.5-Å resolution by cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM). Surprisingly, the asymmetric unit in the nanotube contains eight copies of the peptide, forming two tetramers. There are thus eight different environments for the peptide, and eight different conformations in the nanotube. The structure built from the cryo-EM map is strikingly different from the molecular model, largely based on X-ray fiber diffraction, proposed 20 y ago. Comparison of the nanotube with a crystal structure at 0.83-Å resolution of a Lanreotide derivative highlights the polymorphism for this peptide family. This work shows once again that higher-order assemblies formed by even well-characterized small peptides are very difficult to predict.
Journal Article