Explore the vast range of titles available.

The mechanism of the difference in bacterial community composition caused by environmental factors in the underground coal mine is unclear. In order to reveal the influence of coal mining activities on the characteristics of bacterial community structure in coal seam, 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing technology was used to determine the species abundance, biodiversity, and gene abundance of bacterial community in a coal mine in Shanxi Province, and the environmental factors such as metal elements, non-metal elements, pH value, and gas concentration of coal samples were determined. The results showed that environmental factors and bacterial communities had obvious regional characteristics. Mining activities greatly affected the α diversity of bacterial communities, mining working face > main airway > roadway roof > unexposed coal seam > tunneling roadway. The bacterial community composition of each sample point is also very different. The main airway, roadway roof, and unexposed coal seam are dominated by Actinobacteria while the mining working face and tunneling roadway are dominated by Proteobacteria. Among the gene abundances of metabolic pathways in each site, Citrate cycle had the greatest difference, followed by glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, and oxidative phosphorylation and methane metabolism had little difference. RDA analysis showed that the environmental factors affecting the bacterial community were mainly cadmium, oxygen, hydrogen, and gas content. CCA analysis divided the bacterial community into three categories. Degradation functional bacteria are located in mining working face, bacteria that tolerate poor environments are located in main airway and tunneling roadway, and human pathogens are mostly located in roadway roof and unexposed coal seam. The research results would provide support for realizing green and safe mining in coal mines.

Background Myopia is a growing public health issue, with the COVID-19 pandemic potentially accelerating its progression due to home confinement and increased near work. This study investigates the effectiveness of orthokeratology in controlling myopia during the strict home confinement period in Shanghai in 2022. Methods We conducted a retrospective study involving 139 myopic children who used orthokeratology before, during, and after the home confinement period and 91 children as a control group. Axial length (AL) was measured at three time points: before, during, and after home confinement. Results The axial length growth in the orthokeratology group was significantly lower during the home confinement period compared to the control group (0.102 ± 0.105 mm/6 months vs. 0.199 ± 0.165 mm/6 months, p  < 0.001). No significant differences were observed in axial length growth before, during, and after home confinement within the experimental group. Conclusions Orthokeratology remains effective in controlling myopia progression even during adverse conditions like home confinement, offering an important strategy for myopia control in high-risk environments. Clinical trial registry http://www.chictr.org.cn/ ; trial registration number: ChiCTR2000036969; date of registration: August 25, 2020.

Irrigation with mine water not only improves water resource utilization rates and alleviates water shortages but can also promote crop growth and yields. However, long-term irrigation with mine water can significantly change the physicochemical properties of soil due to its unique mineral content. In this study, two groups of experiments were conducted (pot experiments and soilless cultivation) using mine water from the Fushun mining area to explore its effects on the physiological and photosynthetic characteristics of ryegrass, as well as soil properties. Mine water irrigation inhibited all of the indicators evaluated in this study, whereas a mixture of clean water and mine water had a stimulatory effect. Interestingly, this stimulatory effect was weakened as the proportion of mine water increased but reached its maximum when the ratio was 2:1. Moreover, the inhibitory effect of the irrigation water was weakened as the proportion of clean water increased. The contents of K + , Na + , Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ in soil were higher than those in the soil matrix, and the content of the nutrient elements N, P and K, and metal cations increased gradually as the mine water ratio increased, and the electrical conductivity increased significantly. Moreover, the pH of the soil decreased steadily (i.e. acidity increased) with increased soil salinity. Our findings indicated that a mixture of mine water from Fushun mining area and clean water at a 1:2 ratio could improve the physiological, growth, and photosynthetic characteristics of ryegrass by enhancing soil quality. Our study thus provides an experimental precedent for the utilization of mine water in ecological restoration and agricultural irrigation, and could therefore serve as a basis for the development of novel strategies for environmental restoration and the utilization of water resources.

The Lam. polysaccharide gum contained in seeds is not only an additive specified in national food standards, but also an important strategic resource for industrial raw materials such as oil and natural gas in China.The main component of polysaccharide gum is galactomannan (GM). To date, most studies have focused on the structural modification and component separation of the polysaccharide gum of seeds, with only a few reports on the regulatory genes involved in its formation. Transcriptome analysis was performed to assess the gene networks associated with GM synthesis in seeds at four stages: 6, 9, 12, and 16 weeks after flowering. The result indicated that differential expression analysis identified 20 unigenes linked to five critical enzymes in the GM biosynthesis pathway. Further pathway enrichment analysis demonstrated that fructokinase, galactose gyrase, inositol galactoside synthase, phosphogalactosyltransferase, and raffinose synthase play pivotal roles in GM biosynthesis, positively regulating its production. The results of this study provide new ideas for the research of GM biosynthesis related genes in and enhance the potential application prospects in genetic engineering.

Large landslides often cause catastrophic life losses and infrastructure damage. Identification of the driving forces of large ancient landslides is of utmost importance for the understanding of geohazard assessment and regional geomorphologic evolution and for the understanding of regional paleoclimate and paleoseismology. Through field geological survey, multi-temporal satellite image interpretation, sedimentological observation, and static and dynamic numerical simulation, the paper studied the geo-environments and deposit succession of the Hongshiyan paleolandslide (HSYPL), over against the Hongshiyan landslide (HSYL) triggered by the 2014 Ludian M S (surface wave magnitude) 6.5 earthquake. The study reveals that (1) the HSYPL and HSYL are symmetrically distributed on the opposite banks of the Niulan River and on the opposite wings of a vertical anticline plunging west. Both landslides involved an anti-dip slope structure of upper hard rock while lower soft rock. (2) Two phases of deposit succession in the paleolandslide accumulations were recognized from their surficial appearances, planar distribution, spatial superimposition relationship, permeability test, and borehole survey. (3) The deposit did not result from one single paleolandslide event but two long-interval individual events, i.e., penultimate landslide (PL) and last landslide (LL), whose source volumes were estimated to be ~ 11.8 Mm 3 and ~ 113.5 Mm 3 , respectively. (4) These two landslides kept stable under static conditions but failed when the SN component acceleration reached 1.4 and 1.2 times the value of the 2014 Ludian M S 6.5 earthquake. The ground motions basically correspond to the earthquake magnitudes that are back-analyzed by their volumes. (5) Both the penultimate landslide and last landslide were seismically triggered with high probability. The former was more likely due to the seismic activity of the Zhaotong-Ludian fault than the Baogunao-Xiaohe fault, while the latter might be induced by either fault which was active since the Holocene. Our findings present new insights into the regional seismological history and considerations on the risk reduction of the new hydro-project constructed from the Hongshiyan co-seismic landslide dam.

Background While outdoor time's protective role against myopia is established, the relationship between physical activity (PA) and myopia development remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the impact of PA on myopia in children. Methods In this prospective, school-based cohort study conducted in Shanghai from 2016–2018, children aged 6–9 years from 24 primary schools wore smartwatches for 1 year to record activity intensity and environmental status (indoor/outdoor). Activity load was calculated as a weighted sum of time spent in light (1 ×), moderate (2 ×), and vigorous (3 ×) activities. Myopia shift was measured by 2-year changes in spherical equivalent (SE) and axial length (AL). Limited myopia progression was defined as myopic shift ≤ -0.50 D over 2 years. Results Among 4306 participants (mean age 7.3 ± 0.6 years; 47.1% girls), mean daily activity times indoors were 134.26 ± 31.99, 9.05 ± 3.34, and 2.63 ± 2.71 min for light, moderate, and vigorous activities respectively, with corresponding outdoor times of 59.10 ± 17.71, 12.64 ± 4.79, and 2.21 ± 1.11 min. Activity load showed protective associations in both environments, stronger outdoors (β = 0.18; 95% CI, 0.10–0.27; p  < 0.001) than indoors (β = 0.06; 95% CI, 0.003–0.12; p  = 0.037). Children in the highest quartile of indoor activity (≥ 3.02 weighted hours/day) showed 22% higher odds of limited myopia progression (adjusted OR = 1.22; 95% CI, 1.00–1.50; p for trend = 0.048), while those with outdoor activity ≥ 1.47 weighted hours/day demonstrated 34–77% higher odds (adjusted OR: Q3 = 1.34, 95% CI 1.01–1.80; Q4 = 1.77, 95% CI 1.32–2.36; p for trend < 0.001). Outdoor activity load was particularly protective in non-myopic children (β = 0.15; 95% CI, 0.07–0.23; p  < 0.001) and those with daily outdoor time < 120 min (β = 0.22; 95% CI, 0.11–0.33; p  < 0.001), while indoor activity load was protective in Grade 2 students (β = 0.11; 95% CI, 0.03–0.20; p  = 0.009) and children with ≥ 120 min of outdoor time (β = 0.23; 95% CI, 0.07–0.39; p  = 0.006). Conclusions Activity load, integrating both time and intensity of PA, shows significant protective associations with myopic shift in both indoor and outdoor environments. This protective effect exists independent of light exposure, suggesting that PA might offer additional benefits for myopia prevention beyond the known effects of outdoor time.

Six-dimensional (6D) pose estimation remains a significant challenge in computer vision, particularly for objects in complex environments. To overcome the limitations of existing methods in occluded and low-texture scenarios, a lightweight, multiscale feature fusion network was proposed. In the network, a self-attention mechanism is integrated with a multiscale point cloud feature extraction module, enhancing the representation of local features and mitigating information loss caused by occlusion. A lightweight image feature extraction module was also introduced to reduce the computational complexity while maintaining high precision in pose estimation. Ablation experiments on the LineMOD dataset validated the effectiveness of the two modules. The proposed network achieved 98.5% accuracy, contained 19.49 million parameters, and exhibited a processing speed of 31.8 frames per second (FPS). Comparative experiments on the LineMOD, Yale-CMU-Berkeley (YCB)-Video, and Occlusion LineMOD datasets demonstrated the superior performance of the proposed method. Specifically, the average nearest point distance (ADD-S) metric was improved by 4.2 percentage points over DenseFusion for LineMOD and by 0.6 percentage points for YCB-Video, with it reaching 63.4% on the Occlusion LineMOD dataset. In addition, inference speed comparisons showed that the proposed method outperforms most RGB-D-based methods. The results confirmed that the proposed method is both robust and efficient in handling occlusions and low-texture objects while also featuring a lightweight network design.

Cancer registration in mainland China traditionally focuses on household-registered residents (HRR) and does not include the migrant population among permanent residents (PR), leading to significant selection bias. Estimating incidence among permanent residents provides a less biased and more representative measure of the true incidence. We developed a Bayesian Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation with Stochastic Partial Differential Equation model, incorporating inter-provincial migrant population weights to estimate uterine corpus cancer incidence among permanent residents. The findings revealed a substantial interprovincial migrant population of 67,509,881 individuals, with Shanghai and Beijing showing relatively high difference proportions of 39.6% and 37.0%, respectively. Nationally, the differences in estimated uterine corpus cancer incidence between female PR and HRR were marginal, ranging from 0.2/100,000 in Qinghai to − 0.4/100,000 in Shanghai. The analysis estimated that the provinces with the largest differences between incident cases among female PR and HRR were Henan (− 899 cases, 15.7%) and Guangdong (630 cases, 13.7%). This research holds significant implications for countries relying on HRR-based cancer registration system, particularly those contending with substantial migrant populations. The estimated differences in uterine corpus cancer incidence between PR and HRR provide crucial data support for optimizing prevention strategies and enabling precise allocation of regional healthcare resources.

This study evaluated the predictive value of cell index (CI), cerebrospinal fluid procalcitonin (CSF PCT), and cerebrospinal fluid interleukin-6 (CSF IL-6) for detecting intracranial infection after neurosurgery. A two-center, prospective study analyzed CSF samples from ICU patients suspected of having intracranial infection following neurosurgery from January 2020 to June 2023. Patients with infection had longer operation times and longer stays in the ICU. The AUCs for single biomarkers ranged from 0.829 to 0.860, with the highest AUC of 0.938 observed for the combined biomarkers CI + CSF PCT + CSF IL-6. CI was most effective in patients with elevated CSF RBC counts, and PCT was most effective for detecting Gram-negative infections. The combined use of these biomarkers enhances early diagnosis of intracranial infection after neurosurgery and warrants further study.

To develop and validate a machine learning based algorithm to estimate physical activity (PA) intensity using the smartwatch with the capacity to record PA and determine outdoor state. Two groups of participants, including 24 adults (13 males) and 18 children (9 boys), completed a sequential activity trial. During each trial, participants wore a smartwatch, and energy expenditure was measured using indirect calorimetry as gold standard. The support vector machine algorithm and the least squares regression model were applied for the metabolic equivalent (MET) estimation using raw data derived from the smartwatch. Exercise intensity was categorized based on MET values into sedentary activity (SED), light activity (LPA), moderate activity (MPA), and vigorous activity (VPA). The classification accuracy was evaluated using area under the ROC curve (AUC). The METs estimation accuracy were assessed via the mean absolute error (MAE), the correlation coefficient, Bland–Altman plots, and intraclass correlation (ICC). A total of 24 adults aged 21–34 years and 18 children aged 9–13 years participated in the study, yielding 1790 and 1246 data points for adults and children respectively for model building and validation. For adults, the AUC for classifying SED, MVPA, and VPA were 0.96, 0.88, and 0.86, respectively. The MAE between true METs and estimated METs was 0.75 METs. The correlation coefficient and ICC were 0.87 ( p  < 0.001) and 0.89, respectively. For children, comparable levels of accuracy were demonstrated, with the AUC for SED, MVPA, and VPA being 0.98, 0.89, and 0.85, respectively. The MAE between true METs and estimated METs was 0.80 METs. The correlation coefficient and ICC were 0.79 ( p  < 0.001) and 0.84, respectively. The developed model successfully estimated PA intensity with high accuracy in both adults and children. The application of this model enables independent investigation of PA intensity, facilitating research in health monitoring and potentially in areas such as myopia prevention and control.