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The crystal distortion such as lattice strain and defect located at the surfaces and grain boundaries induced by soft perovskite lattice highly determines the charge extraction‐transfer dynamics and recombination to cause an inferior efficiency of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, the authors propose a strategy to significantly reduce the superficial lattice tensile strain by means of incorporating an inorganic 2D Cl‐terminated Ti3C2 (Ti3C2Clx) MXene into the bulk and surface of CsPbBr3 film. Arising from the strong interaction between Cl atoms in Ti3C2Clx and the under‐coordinated Pb2+ in CsPbBr3 lattice, the expanded perovskite lattice is compressed and confined to act as a lattice “tape”, in which the PbCl bond plays a role of “glue” and the 2D Ti3C2 immobilizes the lattice. Finally, the defective surface is healed and a champion efficiency as high as 11.08% with an ultrahigh open‐circuit voltage up to 1.702 V is achieved on the best all‐inorganic CsPbBr3 PSC, which is so far the highest efficiency record for this kind of PSCs. Furthermore, the unencapsulated device demonstrates nearly unchanged performance under 80% relative humidity over 100 days and 85 °C over 30 days. Arising from the formation of strong PbCl bonding, chlorine terminated Ti3C2Clx MXenes are used as lattice “tape” to reduce the defects and release tensile strain located at interfaces and grain boundaries of CsPbBr3 perovskite film, achieving a champion efficiency up to 11.08% with an ultrahigh voltage of 1.702 V for CsPbBr3 perovskite solar cells.

Bandgap‐tunable mixed‐halide perovskite materials have attracted considerable interest because of their indispensability as top counterparts in tandem solar cells. However, the soft and disordered lattice always suffers from severe phase segregation under illumination, which is particularly susceptible to residual lattice strain. Herein, we report a strain regulation strategy by using alkenamides terminated Ti3C2Tx MXenes as an additive into perovskite precursor. Apart from the role of a template for grain growth to obtain high‐quality films, the stretchable alkyl chain promotes lattice shrinkage or expansion to form an elastic grain boundary to eliminate the spatially distributed stain and shut down ion migration channels. As a result, the all‐inorganic perovskite solar cells based on CsPbIBr2 and CsPbI2Br halides achieve prolonged device stability under harsh conditions and the best power conversion efficiencies up to 11.06% and 14.30%, respectively. An elastic interface is fabricated to release residual lattice compressive and tensile strain of mixed‐halide inorganic CsPbIB2 perovskite film by using a stretchable alkenamides terminated Ti3C2Tx MXene as an additive, universally healing the defective lattices to suppress the nonradiative recombination and improving the efficiency and stability of wide‐bandgap perovskite solar cells.

Cultivated land is fundamental to agricultural production, and the eco-efficiency of cultivated land utilization is widely acknowledged as a crucial indicator for assessing rational land use. Accordingly, this study applies a Super-SBM model with undesirable outputs to evaluate the eco-efficiency of cultivated land utilization (ECLU) across 31 provinces in China utilizing provincial panel data from 2005 to 2023 and further employs dynamic fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis to investigate, across spatial and temporal dimensions, how government policy, agricultural technology, socioeconomic conditions, and natural conditions interact to achieve a high ECLU and to elucidate the diverse configurational pathways through which these factors converge to deliver a high ECLU. Our findings demonstrate that the ECLU originates from the joint influence of several factors, and no single factor alone can provide a high level of eco-efficiency. In particular, a high GDP per capita and strong government agricultural expenditure intensity are pivotal for achieving a high ECLU, whereas a low GDP per capita and weak government agricultural expenditure intensity are the core conditions associated with poor eco-efficiency outcomes. We identify three distinct driving pathways that foster a high ECLU: the Economy–Technology–Government Synergistic Pathway, Nature–Economy Dual-Driver Pathway, and Government-Supported Land–Economy Pathway. Between-configuration consistency (BECONS) exhibits no significant temporal effect; however, a constellation of external factors triggered a pronounced, collective reduction in configurational consistency from 2008 to 2014. Regional analysis reveals pronounced heterogeneity: Spatially, the Economy–Technology–Government Synergistic Pathway is concentrated in China’s central and eastern provinces, the Nature–Economy Dual-Driver Pathway clusters mainly in the central belt, and the Government-Supported Land–Economy Pathway predominates in the west.

The launching of 5G technology provides excellent opportunity for the prosperous development of Internet of Things (IoT) devices and intelligent wireless sensor nodes. However, deploying of tremendous wireless sensor nodes network presents a great challenge to sustainable power supply and self‐powered active sensing. Triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) has shown great capability for powering wireless sensors and work as self‐powered sensors since its discovery in 2012. Nevertheless, its inherent property of large internal impedance and pulsed “high‐voltage and low‐current” output characteristic seriously limit its direct application as stable power supply. Herein, a generic triboelectric sensor module (TSM) is developed toward managing the high output of TENG into signals that can be directly utilized by commercial electronics. Finally, an IoT‐based smart switching system is realized by integrating the TSM with a typical vertical contact–separation mode TENG and microcontroller, which is able to monitor the real‐time appliance status and location information. Such design of a universal energy solution for triboelectric sensors is applicable for managing and normalizing the wide output range generated from various working modes of TENGs and suitable for facile integration with IoT platform, representing a significant step toward scaling up TENG applications in future smart sensing. A generic triboelectric sensor module toward managing the high output of triboelectric nanogenerator into signals that can be directly utilized by commercial electronics is developed with the merits of highly integrated, small‐dimension, and high‐sensitivity, which endows seamless integration with Internet of Things platform for large‐scale application as smart sensing network.

Suppressing nonradiative recombination and releasing residual strain are prerequisites to improving the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Here, long‐chain polyacrylic acid (PAA) is used to reinforce SnO2 film and passivate SnO2 defects, forming a structure similar to “reinforced concrete” with high tensile strength and fewer microcracks. Simultaneously, PAA is also introduced to the SnO2/perovskite interface as a “buffer spring” to release residual strain, which also acts as a “dual‐side passivation interlayer” to passivate the oxygen vacancies of SnO2 and Pb dangling bonds in halide perovskites. As a result, the best inorganic CsPbBr3 PSC achieves a champion power conversion efficiency of 10.83% with an ultrahigh open‐circuit voltage of 1.674 V. The unencapsulated PSC shows excellent stability under 80% relative humidity and 80°C over 120 days. Polyacrylic acid (PAA) is used to reinforce the toughness of SnO2 and passivate SnO2 defects, forming an ideal “reinforced concrete” structure. PAA is also introduced into the SnO2/perovskite interface as a “buffer spring” to release residual strain, which acts as a “dual‐side passivation interlayer” to passivate interface defects. Finally, the best device achieves a champion efficiency of 10.83% and excellent stability.

All-inorganic CsPbBr3 perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are promising candidates to balance the stability and efficiency issues of organic-inorganic hybrid devices. However, the large energy barrier for charge transfer and narrow spectral response are still two challenging problems for performance improvement. We present here an organic bulk-heterojunction poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl):[6,6]-phenyl C61 butyric acid methyl ester (P3HT: PCBM) photoactive layer to boost the charge extraction and to widen the spectral absorption, achieving an enhanced power conversion efficiency up to 8.94% by optimizing the thickness of P3HT: PCBM photoactive layer, which is much higher than 6.28% for the pristine CsPbBr3 device. The interaction between the carbonyl group in PCBM and unsaturated Pb atom in the perovskite surface can effectively passivate the defects and reduce charge recombination. Furthermore, the coupling effect between PCBM and P3HT widens the spectral response from 540 to 650 nm for an increased short-circuit current density. More importantly, the devices are relatively stable over 75 days upon persistent attack by 70% relative humidity in air condition. These advantages of high efficiency, excellent long-term stability, cost-effectiveness and scalability may promote the commercialization of inorganic PSCs.

Active oxygen highly affects the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) owing to the capacity to either passivate defects or decompose perovskite lattice. To better understand the in‐depth interaction, we demonstrate for the first time that photooxidation mechanism in all‐inorganic perovskite film dominates the phase deterioration kinetics by forming superoxide species in the presence of light and oxygen, which is significantly different from that in organic‒inorganic hybrid and even tin‐based perovskites. In all‐inorganic perovskites, the superoxide species prefer to oxidize longer and weaker Pb‒I bond to PbO and I2, leaving the much stable CsPbBr3 phase. From this chemical proof‐of‐concept, we employ an organic bioactive factor, Tanshinone IIA, as a superoxide sweeper to enhance the environmental tolerance of inorganic perovskite, serving as a “skincare” agent for anti‐aging organisms. Combined with another key point on healing defective lattice, the best carbon‐based all‐inorganic CsPbI2Br solar cell delivers an efficiency as high as 15.12% and superior stability against oxygen, light, humidity, and heat attacks. This method is also applicable to enhance the efficiency of p‒i‒n inverted (Cs0.05MA0.05FA0.9)Pb(I0.93Br0.07)3 cell to 23.46%. These findings not only help us understand the perovskite decomposition mechanisms in depth but also provide a potential strategy for advanced PSC platforms. We reveal the decomposition mechanism of all‐inorganic mixed‐halide perovskite under light/O2 exposure, which suffers from a photooxidation process by oxidizing Pb‒I bond to PbO and I2, leaving CsPbBr3 phase. A bioinspired “skincare” strategy by adding Tanshinone IIA into perovskite film is proposed to passivate defects and sweep superoxide species, remarkably enhancing the stability and efficiency of PSC.

Precise manipulation on surface dimensionality benefits the improvement of efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells, however, heterogeneity with the presence of substantial atomic‐scale impurities and micro‐wrinkles on perovskite surface that serve as transformation template challenges the formation of homogeneous heterointerface and thus weakens healing efficacy. To address this issue, herein, we propose a dual‐mechano‐chemical strategy is proposed to homogenize the morphologic‐compositional feature of perovskite surface by first polishing superficial nano‐impurities with energetic nanoparticles and then in situ dimensionalizing the defect‐free lattice to form a 2D/3D heterointerface with strengthened contact and homogeneous distribution. With the implement of this strategy, the reconstructed heterointerface not only accelerates charge transfer with minimized interfacial non‐radiative recombination losses, but also protects perovskite lattice from external attack. Consequently, an all‐air‐processed carbon‐based CsPbI2Br solar cell displays enhanced efficiency of 15.29% and elevated performance retention rate under dark storage over 1000 h, high temperature over 500 h as well as persistent operation over 200 h. This work provides a multidimensional surface engineering strategy for high‐efficiency and stable perovskite‐based photoelectric device, benefiting the large‐scale fabrication in the future. A homogeneous and strengthened 2D/3D perovskite heterointerface is realized by idealizing the perovskite surface to eliminate atomic‐scale impurities and micro‐wrinkles. Benefiting from the reinforcement of charge transfer and lattice solidification, an all‐air‐processed carbon‐based all‐inorganic CsPbI2Br device achieves an enhanced efficiency of 15.29% with improved stability, offering a deep insight on dimensionality engineering.

Flexible perovskite solar cells (F-PSCs) offer a compelling solution to the intrinsic rigidity of silicon-based photovoltaics, enabling power generation on irregular surfaces. However, their practical application hinges on the perovskite layer's ability to concurrent thermal cycling, so as to match the deformability of polymer substrates. Different from the conventional lattice solidification strategy for rigid devices, we incorporate a fluorinated misplaced-dipole engineered repairable elastomer into the perovskite film, which enhances perovskite intergranular toughness and mitigates thermal stress fatigue cracks. The resultant perovskite film exhibits suppressed lattice thermal fluctuation, thereby boosting enhanced environmental resilience. Consequently, the optimized F-PSCs deliver a champion efficiency of 25.54%, versus 26.83% for their rigid counterparts. More importantly, the F-PSC demonstrates exceptional durability under harsh operational stresses, retaining over 90% of the initial PCE after 11,000 bending cycles and maintaining a comparable retention rate following 500 thermal cycles, paving the way towards for the long-lasting flexible photovoltaic devices.

The colloidal nature of perovskite precursor solution highly determines the quality of perovskite film and the photovoltaic performance of a perovskite solar cell (PSC). Herein, we demonstrate a facile method to fabricate a high-quality all-inorganic CsPbIBr 2 film by regulating the temperature of the precursor solution. After characterization, stable microcrystals with a size up to 1 have been formed under high temperatures, more suitable for preferable crystallization by spontaneous nucleation than the precursor solution at room temperature. Consequently, rapid charge transfer across enlarged crystal grain rather than intragranular charge recombination is achieved within the perovskite film because of reduced defects, promoting the efficiency as high as 11.12% for carbon-based PSC, which is higher than that of a control device with 8.51% efficiency. Moreover, the optimal device shows improved stability under air atmosphere and high-temperature conditions.