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"Dunlap, Susan"
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Is word-order similarity necessary for cross-linguistic structural priming?
This article presents two experiments employing two structural priming paradigms that investigated whether cross-linguistic syntactic priming occurred in Chinese and English passive sentences that differ in word order (production-to-production priming in Experiment 1 and comprehension-to-production priming in Experiment 2). Results revealed that cross-linguistic syntactic priming occurred in Chinese and English passive sentences, regardless of production of primes or comprehension of primes and language direction (L1-L2 or L2-L1). Our findings indicate that word-order similarity between languages is not necessary for cross-linguistic structural priming, supporting the view of a two-stage model of language production.
Journal Article
Civil twilight
San Francisco stuntwoman Darcy Lott is an expert at creating the illusion of danger, living in a tightly controlled universe in which all but the most disastrous mistakes can be reset and reshot. But when her lawyer brother Gary leans on her to entertain a mysterious client, she enters a world without hidden exits to keep her safe.
Book
Pastoral bearings
The study of lived religion is an enterprise which attempts to elucidate how \"ordinary\" men and women in all times and places draw on religious behavior, media, and meanings to make sense of themselves and their world. Through the influence of liberation theology and postmodernism, pastoral theologians—like other scholars of religion—have begun more closely to examine the particularity of religious practice that is reflected through the rubric of lived religion. Pastoral Bearings offers up ten studies that exemplify the usefulness of the lived religion paradigm to the field of pastoral theology. The volume presents detailed qualitative research focused on the everyday beliefs and practices of individuals and groups and explores the implications of lived religion for interdisciplinary conversation, intercultural and gender analysis, and congregational studies. Reflecting upon the utility of this approach for pastoral theological research, education, and pastoral care, the studies collected in Pastoral Bearings demonstrate the importance of the study of lived religion.
eBook
No footprints
Stunt double Darcy Lott searches for a mysterious woman who tried to jump off the Golden Gate Bridge before predicting Darcy's own imminent demise, and tracks her to a dodgy San Francisco neighborhood where she ran an operation for a shady police boss.
Book
Cross-Language Translation Priming Asymmetry with Chinese-English Bilinguals: A Test of the Sense Model
The present study aimed to test the Sense Model of cross-linguistic masked translation priming asymmetry, proposed by Finkbeiner et al. (J Mem Lang 51:1–22,
2004
), by manipulating the number of senses that bilingual participants associated with words from both languages. Three lexical decision experiments were conducted with Chinese-English bilinguals. In Experiment 1, polysemous L2 words and their L1 Chinese single-sense translation equivalents were selected as primes and targets. In Experiment 2, single-sense L1 words and their L2 translation equivalents with polysemous senses severed as primes and targets. We found translation priming effects in the L1–L2 direction, but not in the L2–L1 direction. In Experiment 3, presentation time of the L2 priming stimulus was prolonged, and significant translation priming effects were observed in the L2–L1 direction. These findings suggest that the Sense Model does not adequately explain cross-language translation priming asymmetry. The sense numbers of primes and targets, as well as the activation proportion of these senses between them, were possibly not the primary reason for cross-language translation priming asymmetry. The revised hierarchical model (Kroll and Stewart in J Mem Lang 33:149–174,
1994
) and the BIA+ model (Dijkstra and van Heuven in Bilingualism Lang Cognit 5:175–197,
2002
) better explain the cross-language translation priming asymmetry we found.
Journal Article
Teacher Perceptions about Teaching Students with Executive Function Deficits
The problem that prompted this study was that kindergarten through 5th grade teachers were struggling to find appropriate interventions to support the rising number of students exhibiting executive function deficiencies (EFD). The purpose of this qualitative study was to investigate the experiences and perceptions of local elementary teachers about students with EFD, about instructional strategies used to help focus EFD students, and about teachers’ professional needs to work effectively with EFD students. Diamond’s core characteristics of EFD served as the conceptual framework guiding this study. The research questions focused on teachers’ experiences and perceptions of strategies used for students with EFD, and of the professional training needs of teachers working with EFD students. A case study design was used to capture the insights of a purposefully selected sample of 12 elementary teachers through semi structured interviews and a focus group interview. Emergent themes were identified through an open coding process, and findings were developed and checked for trustworthiness through triangulation, rich descriptions, and member checking. The findings revealed that teachers perceived that EFD students responded best to active learning and technology-rich lessons delivered within a structured environment. A professional development project was created to provide teachers with instructional and technology strategies and interventions to engage and focus students with EFD. This study has implications for positive social change by offering teachers strategies to improve the performance and engagement of students with EFD.
Dissertation
Three-fold Quantum Leap in Butterfly Nectar Knowledge: A Comprehensive Study Revolutionizing Conservation Strategies
This study addresses a critical gap in butterfly conservation: the lack of comprehensive data on nectar plants preferred by US butterflies. The research presented has dramatically improved our understanding, increasing knowledge of nectar plant genera used by butterflies from representing just 25% of all species to an impressive 90%, a more than three-fold or 260% improvement in species representation. This substantial expansion in data has significant implications for conservation strategies and will shift our approach to butterfly habitat restoration. A seven-year longitudinal study of adult butterfly nectaring behavior resulted in over 12,000 detailed records of nectar plant usage by US butterflies. This curated dataset provides a valuable resource with significant implications for all levels of effort directed at butterfly conservation.
Recent recommendations for monarch habitat restoration suggest a balanced mix of host and nectar plants. However, the implementation of this guideline has been hampered by a lack of specific data on monarchs’ preferred nectar plants. New research addresses this gap, providing necessary information to refine plant selection for butterfly habitats. This study also gives cause to modify the current approach of creating generalized pollinator habitats, suggesting that focusing on plants preferred by long-distance migrating butterflies like monarchs may effectively support a broad range of pollinators.
Paper
Orthographic quality in English as a second language
Learning new vocabulary words in a second language is a challenge for the adult learner, especially when the second language writing system differs from the first language writing system. According to the lexical quality hypothesis (Perfetti & Hart, 2001), there are three constituents to word-level knowledge: orthographic, phonological, and semantic. A set of studies investigated the nature of orthographic knowledge in advanced learners of English as a second language. In a data mining study, students’ spelling errors were analyzed. Results showed that first language background and second language proficiency have an effect on the rates and types of spelling errors made. In two training interventions, students showed learning gains from two different types of spelling instruction: a form focus condition and a form-meaning integration condition (Norris & Ortega, 2000). In a separate audio dictation task, non-native English speakers were shown to be sensitive to word frequency and age of acquisition but not regularity. In a cross-modal matching task, the same students were most susceptible to transposition foils that preserved target letters but in an incorrect order, and least susceptible to phonological foils that preserved phonological but not orthographic form of the target word. In a spell checking task, students had more difficulty rejecting misspelled words that maintained the phonological form of the target word than misspelled words that did not preserve phonology of the target. Overall, findings suggest that intermediate to advanced learners of English as a second language still show difficulty with the language’s deep orthography, but that they can benefit from minimal amounts of instruction. Furthermore, these students appear to be acquiring orthographic knowledge via exemplar-based rather than rule-based strategies. This research expands upon the lexical quality hypothesis and finds support for the arbitrary mapping hypothesis.
Dissertation
The Wiley-Blackwell companion to practical theology
Through a series of essays contributed by leading experts in the field, The Wiley-Blackwell Companion to Practical Theology presents an introduction to practical theology as a major area of Christian study and practice, including an overview of its key developments, themes, methods, and future directions. * The first comprehensive reference work to provide a survey, description and analysis of practical theology as an area of study * A range of leading scholars in the field provide original contributions on the major areas, issues, and figures in practical theology * Reviews an extensive range of methods for studying theology in practice, along with sub-disciplines in theological education such as pastoral care and preaching * Covers developments in the discipline in a range of global contexts and distinct Christian traditions * Shows how practical theology is relevant to everyday life
eBook