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A new measurement of inclusive-jet cross sections in the Breit frame in neutral current deep inelastic scattering using the ZEUS detector at the HERA collider is presented. The data were taken in the years 2004–2007 at a centre-of-mass energy of 318 GeV and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 347 pb - 1 . The jets were reconstructed using the k t -algorithm in the Breit reference frame. They have been measured as a function of the squared momentum transfer, Q 2 , and the transverse momentum of the jets in the Breit frame, p ⊥ , Breit . The measured jet cross sections are compared to previous measurements and to perturbative QCD predictions. The measurement has been used in a next-to-next-to-leading-order QCD analysis to perform a simultaneous determination of parton distribution functions of the proton and the strong coupling, resulting in a value of α s ( M Z 2 ) = 0.1142 ± 0.0017 (experimental/fit) - 0.0007 + 0.0006 (model/parameterisation) - 0.0004 + 0.0006 (scale) , whose accuracy is improved compared to similar measurements. In addition, the running of the strong coupling is demonstrated using data obtained at different scales.

The OPERA experiment was designed to search for \\[\\nu _{\\mu } \\rightarrow \\nu _{\\tau }\\] oscillations in appearance mode through the direct observation of tau neutrinos in the CNGS neutrino beam. In this paper, we report a study of the multiplicity of charged particles produced in charged-current neutrino interactions in lead. We present charged hadron average multiplicities, their dispersion and investigate the KNO scaling in different kinematical regions. The results are presented in detail in the form of tables that can be used in the validation of Monte Carlo generators of neutrino–lead interactions.

Euclid is an ESA mission designed to understand why the expansion of the Universe is accelerating and what is the nature of the dark energy responsible for this acceleration. By measuring two cosmological probes simultaneously, the Weak Gravitational Lensing and the Galaxy Clustering (BAO and Redshift-Space distorsions), Euclid will constrain dark energy, general relativity, dark matter and the initial conditions of the Universe with unprecedented accuracy. Euclid will be equipped with a 1.2 m diameter SiC mirror telescope feeding 2 instruments: the visible imager and the Near-Infrared Spectro-Photometer. Here the Euclid's observation probes and main aims are recalled, and the NISP instrument and expected performances are presented.

The OPERA experiment was designed to discover the v τ appearance in a v μ beam, due to neutrino oscillations. The detector, located in the underground Gran Sasso Laboratory, consisted of a nuclear photographic emulsion/lead target with a mass of about 1.25 kt, complemented by electronic detectors. It was exposed from 2008 to 2012 to the CNGS beam: an almost pure v μ beam with a baseline of 730 km, collecting a total of 1.8·10 20 protons on target. The OPERA Collaboration eventually assessed the discovery of v μ → v τ oscillations with a statistical significance of 6.1 σ by observing ten v τ CC interaction candidates. These events have been published on the Open Data Portal at CERN. This paper provides a detailed description of the v τ data sample to make it usable by the whole community. Measurement(s) tau neutrino Technology Type(s) detector Sample Characteristic - Environment neutrino beam Sample Characteristic - Location Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso Machine-accessible metadata file describing the reported data: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.14979858

Section Analysis, line 9: sub-sample of 818 events becomes sub-sample of 817 events.

The large value of [θ.sub.13] recently measured by rector and accelerator experiments opens unprecedented opportunities for precision oscillation physics. In this paper, we reconsider the physics reach of medium baseline superbeams. For [θ.sub.13] [equivalent] 9° we show that facilities at medium baselines-- i.e. L [equivalent] O (1000 km)--remain optimal for the study of CP violation in the leptonic sector, although their ultimate precision strongly depends on experimental systematics. This is demonstrated in particular for facilities of practical interest in Europe: a CERN to Gran Sasso and CERN to Phyasalmi [v.sub.μ] beam based on the present SPS and on new high power 50 GeV proton driver. Due to the large value of [θ.sub.13], spectral information can be employed at medium baselines to resolve the sign ambiguity and determine the neutrino mass hierarchy. However, longer baselines, where matter effects dominate the [v.sub.μ] → [v.sub.e] transition, can achieve much stronger sensitivity to sign(Δ[m.sup.2]) even at moderate exposures.

Neutrino physics is nowadays receiving more and more attention as a possible source of information for the long-standing problem of new physics beyond the Standard Model. The recent measurement of the third mixing angle θ13 in the standard mixing oscillation scenario encourages us to pursue the still missing results on leptonic CP violation and absolute neutrino masses. However, several puzzling measurements exist which deserve an exhaustive evaluation. We will illustrate the present status of the muon disappearance measurements at small L/E and the current CERN project to revitalize the neutrino field in Europe with emphasis on the search for sterile neutrinos. We will then illustrate the achievements that a double muon spectrometer can make with regard to discovery of new neutrino states, using a newly developed analysis.

Measurements of open charm and beauty production cross sections in deep inelastic ep scattering at HERA from the H1 and ZEUS Collaborations are combined. Reduced cross sections are obtained in the kinematic range of negative four-momentum transfer squared of the photon 2.5GeV2≤Q2≤2000GeV2 and Bjorken scaling variable 3·10-5≤xBj≤5·10-2. The combination method accounts for the correlations of the statistical and systematic uncertainties among the different datasets. Perturbative QCD calculations are compared to the combined data. A next-to-leading order QCD analysis is performed using these data together with the combined inclusive deep inelastic scattering cross sections from HERA. The running charm- and beauty-quark masses are determined as mc(mc)=1.290-0.041+0.046(exp/fit)-0.014+0.062(model)-0.031+0.003(parameterisation) GeV and mb(mb)=4.049-0.109+0.104(exp/fit)-0.032+0.090(model)-0.031+0.001(parameterisation)GeV.

The HERAPDF2.0 ensemble of parton distribution functions (PDFs) was introduced in 2015. The final stage is presented, a next-to-next-to-leading-order (NNLO) analysis of the HERA data on inclusive deep inelastic ep scattering together with jet data as published by the H1 and ZEUS collaborations. A perturbative QCD fit, simultaneously of αs(MZ2) and the PDFs, was performed with the result αs(MZ2)=0.1156±0.0011(exp)-0.0002+0.0001(model+parameterisation)±0.0029(scale). The PDF sets of HERAPDF2.0Jets NNLO were determined with separate fits using two fixed values of αs(MZ2), αs(MZ2)=0.1155 and 0.118, since the latter value was already chosen for the published HERAPDF2.0 NNLO analysis based on HERA inclusive DIS data only. The different sets of PDFs are presented, evaluated and compared. The consistency of the PDFs determined with and without the jet data demonstrates the consistency of HERA inclusive and jet-production cross-section data. The inclusion of the jet data reduced the uncertainty on the gluon PDF. Predictions based on the PDFs of HERAPDF2.0Jets NNLO give an excellent description of the jet-production data used as input.

Measurements of open charm production cross sections in deep-inelastic ep scattering at HERA from the H1 and ZEUS Collaborations are combined. Reduced cross sections for charm production are obtained in the kinematic range of photon virtuality 2.5≤ Q 2 ≤2000 GeV 2 and Bjorken scaling variable 3⋅10 −5 ≤ x ≤5⋅10 −2 . The combination method accounts for the correlations of the systematic uncertainties among the different data sets. The combined charm data together with the combined inclusive deep-inelastic scattering cross sections from HERA are used as input for a detailed NLO QCD analysis to study the influence of different heavy flavour schemes on the parton distribution functions. The optimal values of the charm mass as a parameter in these different schemes are obtained. The implications on the NLO predictions for W ± and Z production cross sections at the LHC are investigated. Using the fixed flavour number scheme, the running mass of the charm quark is determined.