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The study explored the spatial pattern of crime dynamics and vulnerability within tourism infrastructure in Calabar, Nigeria. Data collection was mainly through a questionnaire, geographical positioning system (GPS), and a geographic information system (GIS). The data collected were analyzed using inferential statistics such as the nearest neighbor analysis. One hypothesis was formulated and tested. Results revealed a calculated value of 0.004, indicating that crime occurrences around the tourism infrastructure in Calabar exhibited significant clustering. The result further showed that 45% and 23.33% of the respondents attested that lack of effective security and low patronage were the major challenges affecting tourism infrastructure in the area. In addition, over 23.33% of the respondents agreed that parental neglect constituted one of the primary causes of crime rate and vulnerability around tourism infrastructure in the study area. Furthermore, the result unravelled that youth between the age brackets of 25 to 35 years were the major victims and vulnerable groups around the tourism infrastructure in Calabar. It was recommended that stakeholders in tourism infrastructure development should provide adequate mechanisms to avert crime dynamics and vulnerability around tourism infrastructure in the study area.

This study investigates the role of social media in tourism development in Calabar, Nigeria, emphasizing its influence on image building, destination promotion, and information dissemination. A quantitative research design was adopted, utilizing structured questionnaires to collect data from tourism industry operators and local residents in key tourism zones. Findings reveal that social media significantly shapes public perception, attracts tourists, and fosters engagement between stakeholders and visitors. The study identifies educational campaigns and stakeholder collaboration as crucial strategies for maximizing social media effectiveness in tourism promotion. However, several challenges hinder its full potential, including budget constraints, intense competition for audience attention, and risks of misinformation or misrepresentation of tourism destinations. Hypothesis testing indicates a strong positive correlation between social media’s role in tourism development and the challenges it encounters in Calabar. The study underscores the importance of strategic investment in digital marketing to enhance tourism growth. Strengthening public-private partnerships and adopting emerging social media trends are recommended for improving promotional efforts. To mitigate challenges, the study suggests implementing effective social media management practices, ensuring content accuracy, and optimizing engagement strategies. Additionally, increased funding for digital tourism initiatives and stakeholder training can support the sustainable use of social media. This research contributes to the growing body of knowledge on digital marketing in tourism and offers valuable insights for policymakers, tourism boards, and industry stakeholders.

Domestic water supply plays a very significant role in the day to day life of humans in the global society and without water, life cannot be continued and that while water provisions are one of the basic requirements for human’s survival. This study therefore examined the evaluation of pipe borne water supply in Uyo Capital City, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. In an effort to approximate pipe borne water supply in the study area, the research was hinged on the following objectives, to examine variation in the existing domestic service level of pipe-borne water among communities in the study area and to examine the challenges associated with pipe-borne water supply in the area. Furthermore, a multistage sample technique was used to circumvent a practical difficulty in sampling the study area as the region was delineated into six zones. Geographic Information System was employed to collect coordinates while questionnaire was also used for data collections. 400 copies of questionnaires were purposively administered to the respondents in different zones as follows; Uyo (197), Ibesikpo-Asutan (98), Uruan (45), Ibiono-Ibom (9), Itu (30) and Nsit Ibom (21). Nevertheless, additional 25 questionnaires representing about 10% of the staff (248) of Akwa Ibom Water Company Limited were interpreted with statistical techniques. For hypothesis one, which states that there is no significant variation in the existing domestic service level of pipe-borne water among communities. One way analysis of variance was used and it was discovered that existing service level of pipe-borne water does not differ significantly among communities in the study area (p = 0.81. This result was further supported by Water Production and Supply Intensification Model. Grounded on the findings, it is recommended that water distribution network and supply should be expanded to all the communities within the study area by the government. It is also recommended that the government should partner with organisations for a viable pipe-borne water supply to its residents in the area.

This research focused on evaluation of Cross River National Park as a catalyst for community livelihood sustenance, Nigeria. Interviews and Focus Group Discussions were used to obtained primary data. Reconnaissance survey was conducted for one month in the National park to assess the situation on ground and with the aid of a check-list. The Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient was used to analyzed the data obtained from the study. Results findings shows that the current programs aimed at the development of the park's management were insufficient. To mitigate tensions between the park management and the communities, it is imperative to explore alternative livelihood options, with livestock rearing emerging as a viable avenue. This approach would provide the communities with improved economic opportunities.

This research aimed to evaluate the impact of mass tourism on the hospitality industry and tourism destination development in Cross River State, Nigeria. Primary and secondary data were collected through a checklist and questionnaire, and subsequently analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient. The findings indicated that Transcorp Hotel and Azari had the highest number of visitor arrivals, with Cuba contributing the largest percentage of tourists in the region. Moreover, the study identified overcrowding and an increase in crime rates as the primary challenges associated with mass tourism in the area. Consequently, the results emphasize the necessity of implementing effective measures to alleviate the negative impacts of overcrowding and address the challenges arising from mass tourism.

Communication plays a very critical role in ensuring that hotel staffs render better and efficient service through a mutual sense for job satisfaction, career growth and service performance. This study, therefore, aims at evaluating the relationship between the strategies of communication and performance of hotels in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. Both primary and secondary data were sourced. Further, quasi-experimental research design was used for this study, while 180 questionnaires were distributed to sampled hotel staffs within the study area. This was achieved using a random sampling technique for questionnaire administration. It was hypothesised that there is no significant relationship between communication strategy and hotel performance in Port Harcourt. Meanwhile, Spearman rank order correlation coefficient with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to test and analyse the data collected. The output of the analysis reveals a positive correlation between communication strategy and hotel performance. Therefore, the alternate hypothesis was accepted and the null discarded. It was, therefore, fit to conclude that effective communication strategy will enhance the level of competitiveness and performance of the hotels in a general perspective.