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"Earle, Steven"
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A brief history of the Earth's climate : everyone's guide to the science of climate change
\"A Brief History of the Earth's Climate is an accessible, illustrated, myth-busting guide to the natural evolution of the Earth's climate over 4.6 billion years, how and why human-caused global warming and climate change is different and more dangerous, and how to counter skeptics and deniers with sound science.\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Relationship of dose of background angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor to the benefits of candesartan in the Candesartan in Heart failure: Assessment of Reduction in Mortality and morbidity (CHARM)–Added trial
Whether an angiotensin receptor blocker is of benefit when added to a full dose of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor in heart failure (HF) is uncertain.
The effect of candesartan, compared with placebo, in 2548 patients randomized in the CHARM-Added trial was analyzed according to (i) ACE inhibitor dose at baseline, (ii) ACE inhibitor dose during follow-up, and (iii) combination treatment with ACE inhibitor and β-blocker at baseline. The main outcome was the composite of cardiovascular death or HF hospitalization.
The benefit of candesartan was not modified by the dose of ACE inhibitor. In all patients (n = 2548), the candesartan/placebo hazard ratio (HR) for the primary outcome was 0.85 (95% CI 0.75-0.96). In patients taking a guideline recommended dose of ACE inhibitor at baseline (n = 1291), this HR was 0.79 (95% CI 0.67-0.95; interaction
P value .26). In patients taking a Food and Drug Administration–designated maximum dose of ACE inhibitor (n = 529), this HR was 0.75 (95% CI 0.57-0.98; interaction
P value .29). The benefit of candesartan was preserved in patients taking β-blockers in addition to a higher dose of ACE inhibitor and in patients maintaining a high dose of ACE inhibitor throughout follow-up.
These clinical findings support the pharmacologic evidence that ACE inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers have distinct mechanisms of action and show that their combined use improves outcomes in patients with HF more than an evidence-based dose of ACE inhibitor alone.
Journal Article
A Simple Paper Model of a Transform Fault at a Spreading-Ridge
The process of spreading at a divergent boundary, the formation of sea-floor magnetic patterns, and the mechanism of transform faulting can be demonstrated using a very simple paper model. The use of this model in an introductory geology course allows for active and experiential learning of concepts that can be difficult to understand through passive learning techniques.
Journal Article
Project Atlantis - An Exercise in the Application of Earth Science to a Critical Examination of a Pseudoscience Hypothesis
I ask my first-year physical geology students to write an essay examining the Crustal Displacement hypothesis (Flem-ath and Flem-ath, 1995), a hypothesis that is inconsistent with the accepted understanding of crustal and mantle processes. The assignment involves designing a test of the hypothesis, based on the material covered in our discussion of the theory of plate tectonics and of how the theory evolved. The assignment is useful because it forces students to solidify their understanding of plate tectonics by applying their knowledge in a new context, teaches them about the process of scientific reasoning and the need for objective analysis of all hypotheses, and gives them practice in critical thinking. This type of assignment could be applied to many comparable pseudoscience hypotheses in a wide range of geological disciplines.
Journal Article
Mandibular Condyle Fractures
Condylar and subcondylar fractures account for 17.5% to 52% of all mandible fractures 1 (Fig. 17-1). These fractures are related to motor vehicle accidents, interpersonal violence, falls, and activity-related injuries. 2 Because of the distinctive anatomy of the mandible and temporomandibular joints (TMJs), condyle fractures may result in significant complications if not recognized and treated appropriately. These complications include pain, restricted mandibular movement (trismus), muscle spasm, deviation of the mandible, malocclusion, pathologic changes of the TMJ, osteonecrosis, facial asymmetry, and ankylosis. 3
Book Chapter
Minister's ideas on environment tricky to bridge
On Clean Air Day, as I looked out across Georgia Strait from Nanaimo, I could see a yellow-brown cloud oozing its way north from Vancouver and the Lower Mainland. Environment Minister Barry Penner has said that the Gateway Project and twinning the Port Mann Bridge will decrease air pollution in the region. How can a minister of the environment make such a statement?
Newspaper Article
Natural gas cleaner than coal
Coal also produces more particulates and greater amounts of sulphur and nitrogen gases. And the burning of coal produces large amounts of heavy metal pollutants, such as mercury, arsenic and uranium. These pollutants have very serious environmental and health risks.
Newspaper Article
Duke Point plant makes no sense
Secondly, this plan makes no economic sense. BCUC rejected BC Hydro's first application to build this plant for economic reasons, and, as everybody knows, this second application is just the first one in the thin disguise of a PPP. The only difference is that we - the taxpayers - are absorbing tens of millions of dollars in up front costs, and will be paying hundreds of millions of dollars more over the life of the plant by subsidizing the price of gas to Pristine.
Newspaper Article
Try these tips to keep closets organized
- Vary hanging heights of closet rods: Instead of a single long rod, install rods at different levels to make it easier to search by type of clothing. Hang dresses, evening clothes, robes and coats from a high rod. Use lower rods for skirts and folded slacks. What to fold: knitwear; sweaters; bias-cut and A-line skirts and dresses (hanging can distort their shape); long evening dresses, especially those weighted with ornamentation; cotton T-shirts; jeans, khakis and corduroy slacks; scarves and shawls; undergarments and socks; and activewear. - If you don't have a linen closet, or your closet is very small, look for additional storage space throughout the house. Create a linen drawer, a linen trunk or a linen sideboard. You can store linens almost anywhere, as long as they're not subjected to direct light or too much heat or humidity.
Newspaper Article
Greece is one giant Ponzi scheme
In reality, as soon as the funds hit their hands, the politicians spend it to buy votes and they create fictitious mechanisms to funnel the money to patrons of the party in power or their own pockets.
Newspaper Article