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Dhofar region in southern Oman possesses a wealth of livestock. This wealth is managed traditionally by different Dhofari groups in a distinct landscape and ecological conditions. By the seventies, devel- opment addressed all aspects of live in the Sultanate. Education turned out to be a prime objective in development plans. In Dhofar, young generations of pastoralists found their way into education. It is known that the route of education starts directly from primary school level to the university lev- el. Consequently, theoretical university education detach and disengage young Dhofaris from their forefathers' traditional profession and most of all their wealth. Dhofar's livestock is unequivocally a national wealth that needs to be invested and developed by young Dhofari generations, trained in modern scientific management in order to investment in Dhofar's livestock . Therefore, it is a call for a focused education and training to address the potential of the region and its wealth. The paper attempts to draw attention to a situation which is taking place in Dhofar region and proposes certain recommendations.

Folktales serve certain aspects and involve meaningful intentions in the society. This paper assess a Dhofari folk story in Oman. The story denotes the significance of folk explanation for the first emergence of poultry in Dhofar. It compares the beautiful coloured bird the Arabian partridge, Alectoris melanocephala in Dhofar's environment with the common domestic chicken Gallus domesticus. The paper concludes that the folktales target the conservation of the society's traditions, educating and enlightening the society's members especially the young generations and most all demonstrates the faculty of folk explanation. Therefore, the paper urges that these folktales must be documented and studied, since they represent a valuable key part in the Omani cultural heritage.

This paper looks into the gathering of esculent wild plants by the traditional pastoralists in Dhofar, Oman. In this region, the camel and goat pastoralists gather wild plants for their subsistence. Thus, their adaptation to the ecological setting and knowledge of the wild plants they gather present a reasonable analogy of the prehistoric groups who practiced gathering of wild plants in this ecoregion. The knowledge and practice of the Dhofari pastoralists can possibly facilitate a reasonable analogue that permits one to draw an analogy and grasp the nature of gathering wild plants in prehistoric times. Therefore, gathering wild plants remains to be useful as a subsistence activity throughout prehistoric times and to the present.

Wadi Fida is located in the northern parts of the Sultanate of Oman. This valley region is known to be bountiful throughout the year. Notably, on the wadi's bank, there is a conspicuous rock formation (a partial rock shelter), which contains rock scenes. This paper examines these rock scenes, which include men riding horses with long spears, a wolf chasing livestock and a six-pointed star depicted on the surface of the rocks outside the rock shelter. The paper scrutinizes the rock images of the horses and the stars and their significance in Arabia. Both are discussed with reference to the traditional pastoral groups and the oasis residents in Oman.

Infanticide the killing of newly born deformed or physically feeble infants by their parents is an ancient tradition. Numerous studies have shown that this practice is both prevalent among humans and animals. This paper examines this practice among traditional African societies, and explores its impetus and consequences. The paper also shows that although infanticide is an abnormal act; these societies have declared legitimate and acceptable. Folk explanation and cultural believes have dictated this practice and legitimized. The paper proposes that infanticide serves these societies in their environment and adaption as a preliminary preventive medicine. These societies are depended on independent individuals.

: New evidence of tethering stones has been discovered in al Fouli and al Baida areas in A'Dakhliyah region (the Sultanate of Oman). Previous surveys and investigations in the adjacent broad geographic area of al Mudhaibi have revealed a number of tethering stones. These stones are considered indicators of trapping activities by prehistoric groups and are also considered climatic indicators. This paper documents further evidence of these stones in Oman's interior and cast light on their mechanism and efficiency as trapping tools.

This is the result of an ethno-archaeological study that investigated the precautionary measures adopted by traditional pastoralists against hematophagous flies in Dhofar, Oman. The paper documents these traditional methods. It is known, that such practices do not leave any evidence in the archaeological context. It also examines these measures, which manifest a pastoral adaptation to this ecological limiting factor. The study maps the natural range of the flies and compares it with the distribution of archaeological sites recorded in Dhofar in order to establish a correlation between the two components. Traditional pastoral adaptation offers a framework to establish a reasonable parallel to prehistoric practices and adjustment. The measures probably manifest the interaction of an ancient human culture in Dhofar and its adjustment to an ecological limiting factor.

|In January 2005, a few tethering stones were discovered by chance in Al-Mudhaibi area in the Sultanate of Oman. A survey was carried out and resulted in locating further twenty specimens. The stones were identified, their location (GP) recorded, they were weighed, and their position was plotted on a map. The study identifies the function of these stones as traps. It also attempts to reconstruct all parts of the trap. Moreover, the study proposes a hypothetical reconstruction of the trap including its camouflage and the manner in which it can be set. The study establishes an analogy with similar stones depicted in rock scenes reported from North Africa. It concludes that Al-Mudhaibi tethering stones can also be climatic indicators.