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Saudi Vision 2030 is a strategic goal that aims to diminish Saudi Arabia’s dependence on oil and diversify its economy, which requires considering the agricultural sector a target sector (among others). The agricultural sector represents the backbone of food security. This research aimed to assess the influence of the industrial sector, employment, and service sector on the agricultural sector in Saudi Arabia. Secondary data for the period from 1991 to 2022 were collected and analyzed using the ARDL model test, vector error correction, the Granger causality test, and multiple regression models. In addition, an impulse test was used to highlight the leading variables among all the variables under study, and quantitative analysis was performed to assess the impact of growth sectors on food security. The results point to the existence of long-term integration between the variables. Industrial and employment factors negatively affected food security (value-added agriculture), while the service sector had a positive effect. Based on the results of this study, the following recommendations were drawn: Policymakers should invest in technology and mechanization to fulfill labor requirements and enhance agricultural education and training. Integrated development plans should be adopted through design policies that combine agricultural and industrial growth, such as agro-processing industries, which add value to agricultural products. Dual-sector development strategies should be established to encourage exchange between sectors by fostering linkages, such as supplying industrial support for agricultural mechanization and irrigation.

Solar drying experiments in thin layer of guava slices were conducted at the department of food processing, Faculty of Engineering and Technical Studies, University of El imam El mahdi, Kosti, Sudan during the period 10/5/2012- 25/5/2012. The objectives of the study were, to investigate thin layer solar drying kinetics of guava slices, modeling and simulation of solar drying of guava slices process and testing the validity of thin layer drying models by comparing the simulation results of moisture content with the experimental ones. A natural convective solar dryer was used to carry out the drying experiments. The solar dryer contains solar collector and a drying chamber in which the slices of guava were placed in movable trays. The mass of guava slices was recorded continuously every hour (1hour interval). The drying process of guava slices was carried out during two consecutive days interrupted by one night period. The obtained drying curves were tested by being fitted to the three mathematical drying models, namely Lewis, Page and Henderson and Pabis models. It appeared that, the change in moisture content of guava slices took place during the first day of the drying process. The drying process occurs in the falling rate period and moisture diffusion was the dominant physical mechanism governing moisture movement within guava slices. The three tested models simulated the guava slices drying process adequately but among these models, Page simulation results were the most accurate ones.