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Background Heart failure (HF) is associated with systemic inflammation and hypercatabolic syndrome, impacting body metabolism. The advanced lung cancer inflammation index (ALI) is a novel inflammatory and nutritional biomarker. We aimed to investigate the prognostic role of ALI in patients with HF. Methods We comprehensively searched PubMed, WOS, SCOPUS, EMBASE, and CENTRAL through October 2024. We conducted a pair-wise and prognostic systematic review and meta-analysis with a reconstructed time-to-event data meta-analysis. All analyses were performed using R V. 4.3.1. This meta-analysis was registered at PROSPERO (CRD42024535227). Results We included five studies with 2,795 patients. In the pair-wise meta-analysis, ALI ≤ 25 was significantly associated with an increased incidence of all-cause mortality compared with ALI > 25 (risk ratio [RR] 1.73, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.36–2.21, P  < 0.01). On the adjusted prognostic meta-analysis, higher ALI was significantly associated with a reduction in the risk of all-cause mortality (hazards ratio [HR] 0.45, 95% CI 0.35–0.58-, P  < 0.01). The reconstructed Kaplan Meier showed that ALI > 25 was significantly associated with a 56% reduction in the risk of all-cause mortality compared with ALI ≤ 25 (HR 0.44, 95% CI 0.38–0.50, P  < 0.000001). Conclusion Among patients with HF, a low ALI was associated with a higher incidence of all-cause mortality rate than those with a high ALI. These findings suggest that ALI can be used for prognostic stratification and aid clinical decision-making in HF management.

This study aims at investigating worn surface topography and mathematical modeling of annealed Ti-6Al-3Mo-2Sn-2Zr-2Nb-1.5Cr alloy using response surface methodology (RSM). The alloy was subjected to three different regimes in order to study their effect on mechanical properties. First regime was applying cold deformation by compression until 15% drop in height at room temperature. The second regime was performing solution treated on the deformed samples at 920 °C for 15 min then air-cooled (AC) to ambient temperature. Third regime was applying aging on the deformed and solution treated specimen for 4 hr at 590 °C followed by air-cooling. Three different velocities (1, 1.5, and 2 m/s) were adopted to conduct dry sliding wear according to the experimental design technique (EDT). Gwyddion and Matlab softwares were used to detect worn surface photographs analytically and graphically. Maximum hardness of 425 HV 20 was obtained for AC+Aging specimen, while minimum hardness of 353 HV 20 was reported for the annealed specimen. Applying aging process after solution treatment enhanced considerably the wear property and this enhancement reached 98% as compared to the annealed condition. The relationship between input factors (hardness & velocity) and responses (Abbott Firestone zones) was demonstrated using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The best models for Abbott Firestone zones (high peaks, exploitation, and voids) produced accurate data that could be estimated for saving time and cost. The results showed that the average surface roughness increases with increasing sliding velocity for all conditions except AC+Aging condition where the average surface roughness decreased with increasing sliding velocity. The results revealed that at low velocity and hardness, the material gives the highest exploitation zone (86%). While at high velocity and hardness, the material gives the lowest exploitation zone (70%). In general, the predicted results of mathematical model showed close agreement with experimental results, creating that models could be utilized to predict Abbott Firestone zones satisfactorily.

Ni-Ti and Ti-6Al-4V alloys were cast as ingots using vacuum arc remelting furnace. The microstructure of as-cast Ni-Ti alloy consists of NiTi matrix as well as Ti 2 Ni dendrites. As-cast Ti-6Al-4V alloy revealed a structure composed of equiaxed β grains and varied α-phase morphologies. Ti-6Al-4V alloy registered maximum ultimate compressive strength of 2042 MPa, and also reported large reduction in height (18%). However, Ni-Ti alloy showed minimum ultimate compressive strength of 1804 MPa and low reduction in height (3%). The wear rate of both as-cast Ni-Ti and Ti-6Al-4V alloys significantly increased with saline solution (0.9% NaCl) condition compared to the dry testing condition. Saline solution harmed the wear resistance by about 2-4 times compared to the dry conditions. The corrosion rate of Ti-6Al-4V in saline solution (0.9% NaCl) was 0.000171 mm/yr which is almost half the value of Ni-Ti alloy (0.00038 mm/yr).

Background and objectives Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a common, prevalent, immune-mediated, inflammatory disease affecting both the skin and oral mucosa and is considered one of the potentially malignant diseases. Since OLP is regarded as an immunologically mediated disease, some studies suggest the use of vitamin D (VD) for its management as it exhibits immune-modulatory, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties, as well as anti-proliferative, pro-differentiative, and anti-angiogenic effects. VD has demonstrated a suppressive effect on TH1 pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IFN-γ while augmenting the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines. At the same time, VD deficiency is a prevalent public issue. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the role of VD as an adjunct to steroids in the management of VD-deficient OLP patients as well as its inhibitory effect on IFN-γ through measurement of salivary and tissue IFN-γ levels in OLP patients. Methods A total of 40 patients with ulcerative or erythematous OLP, diagnosed according to the World Health Organization’s (WHO) modified criteria for OLP, were randomly allocated into one of the two study groups to receive either systemic steroids in addition to VD supplements (Group A) or systemic steroids only (Group B). Blood samples were collected for the measurement of serum VD level (SVDL) using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to involve only patients with VD deficiency or insufficiency (≤ 30 ng/ml). Clinical evaluation of the lesion involved objective signs and subjective symptoms. Also, changes in salivary and tissue INF-γ levels (in pg/mL and pg/mg, respectively) were determined using the ELISA technique. All parameters were measured at baseline and after 4 weeks of treatment. The clinical pharmacy team devised a checklist to record all team interventions. The interventions were categorized into six domains, including drug interactions and/or adverse reactions, medication dose issues, drug selection issues, support with medication history, patient-related concerns, and suggestions for dental medication. Results After one month of treatment, a significantly greater number of patients in group A showed complete pain relief and resolution of clinical lesions, as well as a greater number of patients showing a reduction in the clinical severity of lesions than in group B ( P  = 0.005). Also, there was a statistically significant reduction in average VAS pain scores and clinical scores in group A compared to group B after 1 month of treatment ( P  = 0.001 and 0.002, respectively). Furthermore, there was a statistically significant greater reduction in salivary and tissue IFN-γ levels in group A than in group B ( P  ≤ 0.001 and 0.029, respectively) after 1 month of treatment. Conclusion Current evidence suggests a significant preventive and therapeutic role for VD as an adjunct to standard therapies indicated for OLP lesions. These protective and therapeutic functions are achieved through the suppressive effect of VD on pro-inflammatory cytokines, particularly IFN-γ. Also, salivary IFN-γ appears to be a valuable prognostic marker for monitoring the progression of OLP. In addition, the inter-professional collaboration between dentists and clinical pharmacists helped to deliver complete, patient-centered primary care and ensured the quality of the medications included in patient kits, thus improving patient treatment and management. Nevertheless, further studies with larger sample sizes, longer follow-ups, and standardized designs may still be needed.

This research explores the extent to which Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) practices in the Egyptian hotel sector contribute to the adoption of Circular Economy (CE) practices and, eventually, organizational resilience. Using a sample of 402 employees from green-certified Egyptian hotels, the current study applied Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLSSEM) on the data collected. The results show the positive effect of GHRM on the adoption of a circular economy that significantly enhances both internal and external organizational resilience. In addition, high Green Organizational Culture (GOC) strengthens the positive relationship of GHRM with the adoption of a circular economy. From this work, some empirical evidence is provided to show that circular economy practices can play a partial mediating role between GHRM and organizational resilience. These findings also present valuable insights for hotel managers and policymakers on how to achieve sustainability and resilience by means of integrated GHRM and circular economy strategies.

Efficient navigation across complex maps is a critical challenge in domains such as GPS systems, robotics, and sustainable logistics. Optimal route planning plays a key role in minimizing resource consumption, reducing environmental impact, and improving overall navigation efficiency. This study evaluates and compares the A-Star and Dijkstra algorithms to determine the most effective approach for shortest path computation in map-based routing. Our analysis examines both algorithms under identical map configurations, considering computational complexity, memory usage, and execution time. The results indicate that A-Star generally outperforms Dijkstra’s algorithm in identifying the shortest and most efficient route. While Dijkstra’s algorithm guarantees optimality, it requires more memory and a higher number of iterations, making it less efficient in large-scale scenarios. Empirical findings reveal that the time complexity of Dijkstra’s algorithm is O(V²), completing in 0.22 s, whereas A-Star achieves a faster execution time of 0.07 s with a time complexity of O(E). Regarding space complexity, Dijkstra consumes O(V + E) memory, using 179,241 to 190,961 bytes, while A-Star requires less, at O(V), using 159,287 to 163,919 bytes. These insights provide a comparative framework for selecting the appropriate algorithm based on map characteristics and computational efficiency. Our findings contribute to the development of sustainable pathfinding solutions, facilitating energy-efficient transportation and logistics.

TC21 with a composition of Ti-6Al-3Mo-1.9Nb-2.2Sn-2.2Zr-1.5Cr is considered a new titanium alloy that is used in aerospace applications as a replacement for the famous Ti-6Al-4V alloy due to its high strength-to-weight ratio, high operating temperature and corrosion resistance. In this study, two different solution treatment techniques were applied on TC21 samples. Solution treatment was applied using two step heating at 1000/800 °C for 15 min each and then cooled using water quenching or air cooling to see the effect of cooling rate on microstructure as well as mechanical properties. The solution treated samples were divided into two groups; one was tested as solution treated samples without aging. While, the second group was aged at 575 °C for 4 hrs. Maximum hardness of 442 HV was observed for the water quenched and aged samples, while the minimum hardness of 340 HV was obtained for water quenched samples without aging. The lowest wear rate was obtained for water quenched and aged samples. However, the highest wear rate was reported for the samples solution treated and water quenched without aging.

Purpose of Review To eradicate atherosclerotic diseases, novel biomarkers, and future therapy targets must reveal the burden of early atherosclerosis (AS), which occurs before life-threatening unstable plaques form. The chemical and biological features of microRNAs (miRNAs) make them interesting biomarkers for numerous diseases. We summarized the latest research on miRNA regulatory mechanisms in AS progression studies, which may help us use miRNAs as biomarkers and treatments for difficult-to-treat diseases. Recent Findings Recent research has demonstrated that miRNAs have a regulatory function in the observed changes in gene and protein expression during atherogenesis, the process that leads to atherosclerosis. Several miRNAs play a role in the development of atherosclerosis, and these miRNAs could potentially serve as non-invasive biomarkers for atherosclerosis in various regions of the body. These miRNAs have the potential to serve as biomarkers and targets for early treatment of atherosclerosis. Summary The start and development of AS require different miRNAs. It reviews new research on miRNAs affecting endothelium, vascular smooth muscle, vascular inflammation, lipid retention, and cholesterol metabolism in AS. A miRNA gene expression profile circulates with AS everywhere. AS therapies include lipid metabolism, inflammation reduction, and oxidative stress inhibition. Clinical use of miRNAs requires tremendous progress. We think tiny miRNAs can enable personalized treatment.

Background The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of antagonist rescue protocol (replacing GnRH agonist with GnRH antagonist and reducing the dose of gonadotropins) combined with cabergoline versus cabergoline alone in the prevention of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) in patients pretreated with GnRH agonist long protocol who were at high risk for OHSS. Methods Two hundred and thirty six patients were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to the cabergoline group or the antagonist rescue combined with cabergoline group. Both groups received oral cabergoline (0.5 mg/day) for eight days beginning on the day of HCG administration. In the antagonist rescue combined with cabergoline group, when the leading follicle reached 16 mm, GnRH agonist (triptorelin) was replaced with GnRH antagonist (cetrorelix acetate) and the dose of HP-uFSH was reduced to 75 IU/day. HCG (5,000 IU/I.M) was administered when the serum estradiol level dropped below 3500 pg/ml. The study was open label and the outcome assessors (laboratory staff and the doctor who performed oocyte retrieval) were blind to treatment allocation. Results The incidence of moderate/severe OHSS was significantly lower in the antagonist rescue combined with cabergoline group [5.08 % Vs 13.56 %, P value =0.025, OR = 0.342, 95 % CI, 0.129–0.906]. Four cycles were cancelled in the cabergoline group. There were no significant differences between the groups with respect to the number of retrieved oocytes, metaphase II oocytes, high quality embryos and fertilization rate. Moreover, the implantation and pregnancy rates were comparable between both groups. Conclusion GnRH antagonist rescue protocol combined with cabergoline is more effective than cabergoline alone in the prevention of OHSS. Trial registration Clinical trial.gov ( NCT02461875 ).