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"Embrick, David G."
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Protecting Whiteness
Insights into the racialized fear of change in US societyThe standoff at Cliven Bundy’s ranch, the rise of white identity activists on college campuses, and the viral growth of white nationalist videos on YouTube vividly illustrate the resurgence of white supremacy and overt racism in the United States. White resistance to racial equality can be subtle as well—like art museums that enforce their boundaries as elite white spaces, “right on crime” policies that impose new modes of surveillance and punishment for people of color, and environmental groups whose work reinforces settler colonial norms. In this incisive volume, twenty-four leading sociologists assess contemporary shifts in white attitudes about racial justice in the US. Using case studies, they investigate the entrenchment of white privilege in institutions, new twists in anti-equality ideologies, and “whitelash” in the actions of social movements. Their examinations of new manifestations of racist aggression help make sense of the larger forces that underpin enduring racial inequalities and how they reinvent themselves for each new generation.
eBook
Moving Beyond Obfuscating Racial Microaggression Discourse
In this article, we argue that the concept of racial microaggression is a white supremacy construct that is an ideological and discursive anti‐Black practice. We discuss how microaggressions’ reduction of historical and hegemonic white supremacy to everyday relations that are merely performative, not integral to sustaining such larger forces, is an analytical shortcoming. We contend that without the adequate heft of historical white supremacy as a part of capitalist and colonial expansion, genocide, and Indigenous erasure, microaggression scholars will remain enthralled with the idea that individual behavior changes can eradicate anti‐Black violence.
Journal Article
\I Did Not Get That Job Because of a Black Man...\: The Story Lines and Testimonies of Color-Blind Racism
In this paper we discuss the dominant racial stories that accompany colorblind racism, the dominant post-civil rights racial ideology, and asses their ideological role. Using interview data from the 1997 Survey of College Students Social Attitudes and the 1998 Detroit Area Study, we document the prevalence of four story lines and two types of testimonies among whites. We also provide data on ideological dissidence among some whites (we label them racial progressives) and blacks. We show that although these stories, and the racial ideology they reinforce, have become dominant, neither goes uncontested.
Journal Article
Discontents Within the Discipline
This essay represents an extended version of my comments presented at the 2016 American Sociological Association (ASA) Annual Meetings town hall held in Seattle, Washington. I offer my thanks to Professor Aldon Morris for his gracious invitation to serve as a panelist on this important topic. This opportunity cracked open the door and allowed some of us to provide our thoughts on the myriad ways that we, as individual sociologists and a collective discipline, produce, reproduce, and maintain the very social inequalities that we claim to research and from which some of us claim aversion. To that end, Professor Morris tasked us with addressing five questions pertaining to sociology's ability and commitment to critically tackle the social problems of our times, both within and outside our discipline. These are not easy queries to answer, but self-reflection, whether from individuals or organizations, is never easy-and sometimes the ugly truth is what is needed to bring us back to reality in terms of the work that we want to do, the type of person we want to be, and the collective movements we want to make. In thinking about how far our discipline has evolved, and yet, the work we have still have to do, I am reminded that this is not a new conversation. Concerns about inequalities within our discipline are not new concerns. And we are neither the first, nor do I suspect we will be the last, scholars to put a call out to address issues of inequalities in the house of sociology. Unless we actually do something, take some collective action, take some collective responsibility, above and beyond another panel, another publication, or another petition, we will be nothing more than broken records. I do not suggest that the aforementioned actions are not important. What I do suggest, however, is that we do not make those actions the period at the end of our statements. In this post-Obama era of Trump, it is more important than ever that we do the hard work of cleaning our sociological house so we can collectively fight the good fights.
Journal Article
Discursive Colorlines at Work: How Epithets and Stereotypes are Racially Unequal
In a racialized social system, racial slurs and stereotypes applied to whites by nonwhites do not carry the same meanings or outcomes as they do when these roles are swapped. That is, racial epithets directed toward whites are unlikely to affect their life chances in the same way that racial epithets directed toward minorities do. Our central question in this paper is in what ways are epithets and stereotypes racially unequal? To answer this question, we rely upon a case study to drive our analysis. We argue that the symbolic meanings and outcomes of epithets and stereotypes matter because they maintain white supremacy in both material and symbolic ways. Thus, they serve as resources that impose, confer, deny, and approve other capital rewards in everyday interactions that ultimately exclude racial minorities, blacks and Latinas/os in particular, from opportunities and resources while preserving white supremacy.
Journal Article
White sanctuaries: race and place in art museums
Purpose
This paper examines the Art Institute of Chicago – a nationally recognized museum – as a white sanctuary, i.e., a white institutional space within a racialized social system that serves to reassure whites of their dominant position in society. The purpose of this paper is to highlight how museums create and maintain white spaces within the greater context of being an institution for the general public.
Design/methodology/approach
The empirical analysis of this study is based on collaborative ethnographic data collected over a three-year period of time conducted by the first two authors, and consists of hundreds of photos and hundreds of hours of participant observations and field notes. The data are analyzed using descriptive methods and content analyses.
Findings
The findings highlight three specific racial mechanisms that speak to how white spaces are created, recreated and maintained within nationally and internationally elite museums: spatiality, the policing of space, and the management of access.
Research limitations/implications
Sociological research on how white spaces are maintained in racialized organizations is limited. This paper extends to museums’ institutional role in maintaining white supremacy, as white sanctuaries.
Originality/value
This paper adds to the existing literature on race, place and space by highlighting three specific racial mechanisms in museum institutions that help to maintain white supremacy, white normality(ies), and serve to facilitate a reassurance to whites’ anxieties, fears and fragilities about their group position in society – that which helps to preserve their psychological wages of whiteness in safe white spaces.
Journal Article
Minimizing the Roots of a Racialized Social System: Ignoring Gender-Lethal Policing and Why We Must Talk More, Not Less, About Race and Gender
This essay serves as a response to Hirschfield's (2015) article, \"Lethal Policing: Making Sense of American Exceptionalism,\" published in the December 2015 issue of this journal.
Journal Article
The International Handbook of the Demography of Race and Ethnicity
This book examines the demography of race and ethnicity, with emphasis on differential growth rates, stratification and conflict. It details theoretical perspectives and methodological approaches that are needed to better comprehend the issue.
eBook
Thinking Diversity, Rethinking Diversity
Introduces a special journal issue devoted to the subject.
Journal Article