Explore the vast range of titles available.

Despite the increasing number of novel therapies to treat newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM), preventing skeletal-related events (SREs) remains a challenge. This review summarizes the mechanistic causes of myeloma bone disease, data supporting the use of bisphosphonates and RANKL inhibitors, and the optimal management of preventing SREs in NDMM patients. Both zoledronic acid (ZA) and denosumab are acceptable treatment options with comparable safety and efficacy profiles. However, in patients who are candidates for autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT), denosumab may be preferred over ZA due to a progression-free survival (PFS) benefit observed in post hoc analyses when used with proteasome inhibitor-based regimens. The optimal duration of bone-directed therapy is unclear, but it is typically given for two years. Supportive care should include dental evaluation at baseline, annually, and if symptoms appear, given the risk for jaw osteonecrosis with both ZA and denosumab. Both drugs should be held in the setting of dental work. Patients should receive adequate calcium and vitamin D supplementation. Supportive procedures such as cement augmentation, radiation, and orthopedic surgery can also help treat compression fractures, uncontrolled pain, cord compression, and pathologic fractures. We conclude with our approach for managing SREs and a review of novel therapies and targets.

Aplastic anemia is a disorder of bone marrow failure characterized by a hypocellular bone marrow. We report two cases with an initial hypercellular bone marrow at the time of presentation, suggesting a new phase in the pathogenesis of the disease. Aplastic anemia is a disorder of bone marrow failure characterized by a hypocellular bone marrow. We report two cases with an initial hypercellular bone marrow at the time of presentation, suggesting a new phase in the pathogenesis of the disease.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) arises from clonal expansion of malignant hematopoietic precursor cells in the bone marrow. In rare instances, AML can recur with prominent extramedullary manifestations (i.e., leukemia cutis or myeloid sarcoma), either simultaneously or preceding marrow involvement, or as a sole site of primary disease relapse. The presence of extramedullary disease in AML portends a poor prognosis and a treatment challenge. Leukemia cutis should remain on the differential diagnosis in patients who do not have other areas of clinical disease or relapse.

In our previous studies, we showed that frontal lobe and brainstem functions were abnormal in online game addicts. In this study, 14 students with Internet addiction disorder and 14 matched healthy controls underwent proton-magnetic resonance spectroscopy to measure cerebral function. Results demonstrated that the ratio of N-acetylaspartate to creatine decreased, but the ratio of cho- line-containing compounds to creatine increased in the bilateral frontal lobe white matter in people with Internet addiction disorder. However, these ratios were mostly unaltered in the brainstem, suggesting that frontal lobe function decreases in people with Internet addiction disorder.

Introduction. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the United States and worldwide, >80% of which are non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Despite significant advances in therapy, there has only been a modest improvement in prognosis. Recent studies have hinted that use of antibiotics and alterations in gut microbiome may further affect clinical outcomes in patients receiving immunotherapy with check point inhibitors. The purpose of this study was to help determine if antibiotic therapy could affect response in patients with NSCLC, while also investigating other factors which may contribute to disease responsiveness. Methods. This was a single center, observational, retrospective review of 236 oncology patients with advanced NSCLC who had received immunotherapy at Rush University Medical Center’s division of hematology and oncology (RUMC DHOC). Outcome measures included progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Results. There was no statistical significance between median PFS time of patients treated with antibiotics (5.2 month; 95% CI, 4.6 5.7) compared to patients not treated with anti-biotics (7.0 months; 95% CI, 4.5 9.5). The median OS of patients treated with antibiotics was 8.4 months (95% CI, 3.0- 13.8) compared to 17.0 months; 95% CI, 14.7-19.3) in patients not treated with anti¬biotics (p= 0.004). Multivariate Cox model for overall survival showed significance for baseline NLR (Hazard ratio 1.02 (95% Cl 1.01- 1.03; p=0.001)). Conclusion. Development of resistance to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy has led to failure and poor prognosis in advanced NSCLC patients receiving anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatment with mechanisms underlying this resistance not fully understood. This study further highlights the importance of ongoing investigations into potential mechanisms of immunotherapy resistance.

A blood sample from patient 2 was positive for 1,2,3-trichloropropane (TCP) (7.6 ng/ml; undetectable in the general population). [...]diagnoses of acute toxic leukoencephalopathy induced by toluene and TCP were established in the two workers.

In our previous studies, we showed that frontal lobe and brainstem functions were abnormal in on-line game addicts. In this study, 14 students with Internet addiction disorder and 14 matched healthy controls underwent proton-magnetic resonance spectroscopy to measure cerebral function. Results demonstrated that the ratio of N-acetylaspartate to creatine decreased, but the ratio of cho-line-containing compounds to creatine increased in the bilateral frontal lobe white matter in people with Internet addiction disorder. However, these ratios were mostly unaltered in the brainstem, suggesting that frontal lobe function decreases in people with Internet addiction disorder.

To determine the safety, efficacy, and stability of intrastromal corneal rings 10 years after placement for myopia. Ten eyes with myopia treated with the placement of 360 degrees complete intrastromal corneal rings with the ends sutured together were evaluated at 10-year follow-up for the following: uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA), manifest refraction spherical equivalent (MRSE), induced manifest refractive cylinder, keratometry readings, slit-lamp findings, and ultrasound central pachymetry. Ten-year data were compared to 1-year results to assess visual stability over time. No statistically significant difference was noted between UCVA at 1 year and 10 years. At the 10-year examination, 90% of patients had BSCVA > or = 20/25 and 100% had BSCVA > or = 20/30. There was no statistically significant difference between MRSE at 1 year and 10 years. At the 10-year examination, induced manifest refractive cylinder was >1.00 diopter (D) in 0% of eyes and < or = 0.25 D in 60% of eyes. There was no statistically significant difference between mean central keratometric power at 1-year follow-up compared with 10-year follow-up. No statistically significant difference was noted in central corneal thickness between 1 and 10 years in the eyes studied. Intrastromal corneal rings are an effective and stable method of correcting mild myopia based on optic parameters.

ABSTRACTPURPOSE: To determine the safety, efficacy, and stability of intrastromal corneal rings 10 years after placement for myopia.METHODS: Ten eyes with myopia treated with the placement of 360° complete intrastromal corneal rings with the ends sutured together were evaluated at 10-year follow-up for the following: uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA), manifest refraction spherical equivalent (MRSE), induced manifest refractive cylinder, keratometry readings, slit-lamp findings, and ultrasound central pachymetry. Ten-year data were compared to 1-year results to assess visual stability over time.RESULTS: No statistically significant difference was noted between UCVA at 1 year and 10 years. At the 10year examination, 90% of patients had BSCVA ≥20/25 and 100% had BSCVA ≥20/30. There was no statistically significant difference between MRSE at 1 year and 10 years. At the 10-year examination, induced manifest refractive cylinder was >1.00 diopter (D) in 0% of eyes and ≤0.25 D in 60% of eyes. There was no statistically significant difference between mean central keratometric power at 1-year follow-up compared with 10-year follow-up. No statistically significant difference was noted in central corneal thickness between 1 and 10 years in the eyes studied.CONCLUSIONS: Intrastromal corneal rings are an effective and stable method of correcting mild myopia based on optic parameters. [J Refract Surg. 2006;22:878-883.]