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The sailing bible : the complete guide for all sailors from novice to expert
\"Designed to be user-friendly and hands-on, this manual is packed with detailed step-by-step information, lively action photos, explanatory diagrams and helpful advice on getting the most out of your sailing.\"--Page 4 of cover.
Book
A Two-Minute Paper-and-Pencil Test of Symbolic and Nonsymbolic Numerical Magnitude Processing Explains Variability in Primary School Children's Arithmetic Competence
Recently, there has been a growing emphasis on basic number processing competencies (such as the ability to judge which of two numbers is larger) and their role in predicting individual differences in school-relevant math achievement. Children's ability to compare both symbolic (e.g. Arabic numerals) and nonsymbolic (e.g. dot arrays) magnitudes has been found to correlate with their math achievement. The available evidence, however, has focused on computerized paradigms, which may not always be suitable for universal, quick application in the classroom. Furthermore, it is currently unclear whether both symbolic and nonsymbolic magnitude comparison are related to children's performance on tests of arithmetic competence and whether either of these factors relate to arithmetic achievement over and above other factors such as working memory and reading ability. In order to address these outstanding issues, we designed a quick (2 minute) paper-and-pencil tool to assess children's ability to compare symbolic and nonsymbolic numerical magnitudes and assessed the degree to which performance on this measure explains individual differences in achievement. Children were required to cross out the larger of two, single-digit numerical magnitudes under time constraints. Results from a group of 160 children from grades 1-3 revealed that both symbolic and nonsymbolic number comparison accuracy were related to individual differences in arithmetic achievement. However, only symbolic number comparison performance accounted for unique variance in arithmetic achievement. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed which include the use of this measure as a possible tool for identifying students at risk for future difficulties in mathematics.
Journal Article
The sailing bible : the complete guide for all sailors from novice to expert
\"The Sailing Bible is a comprehensive handbook for all sailors, whatever their experience.\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Visual recovery following optic nerve decompression for chronic compressive neuropathy
Purpose
Visual failure due to optic nerve compression is a common indication for decompressive surgery. Most data only refer to the odds of improvement, deterioration or remaining the same. However, patients frequently wish to know more detail about the outcomes of surgery. Our aim was to assess the visual outcome from optic nerve decompression for visual failure in detail in order to help counsel patients pre-operatively.
Methods
Sixty-eight patients undergoing 71 operations to decompress 87 optic nerves between 1991 and 2007 were identified. Thirty-four decompressions were performed via a transzygomatic and 37 via a transbasal approach. Fifty-two patients had meningiomas, 3 pituitary adenomas, 3 craniopharyngiomas, 3 chordomas, 2 adenocarcinomas, 2 fibrous dysplasia, 1 schwannoma, 1 granular pituitary tumour and 1 olfactory neuroblastoma. Visual acuity and fields were recorded pre-operatively, immediately post-operatively, at first follow-up and at most recent follow-up.
Results
Forty-three eyes (49.4%) experienced an improvement in either acuity or fields. Twenty-four (27.5%) were unchanged and 20 (22.9%) deteriorated. Average improvement was 0.88 Snellen lines (logMAR 0.13). Improvement was seen between immediate post-operative acuity and first follow-up in 52%, but 22% suffered a late deterioration after 1 year. There was no relationship between age, duration of symptoms, pathology, approach or redo surgery and visual outcome. There was a complex relationship between pre-operative visual acuity and post-operative improvement and outcome. Better pre-operative acuity predicted better outcome and greater odds of improvement, although patients with poor pre-operative vision had a greater average magnitude of improvement.
Conclusions
Patients experience significant benefit from optic nerve decompression irrespective of pre-operative visual status. Although early decompression is desirable, good results can still be obtained in patients with severe visual failure. Detailed data on visual outcome can help counsel patients pre-operatively to aid decision-making and set expectations.
Journal Article
Development of a Childhood Attachment and Relational Trauma Screen (CARTS): a relational-socioecological framework for surveying attachment security and childhood trauma history
Current psychometric measures of childhood trauma history generally fail to assess the relational-socioecological context within which childhood maltreatment occurs, including the relationship of abusers to abused persons, the emotional availability of caregivers, and the respondent's own thoughts, feelings, and actions in response to maltreatment.
To evaluate a computerized approach to measuring the relational-socioecological context within which childhood maltreatment occurs.
The psychometric properties of a Childhood Attachment and Relational Trauma Screen (CARTS) were evaluated as a retrospective survey of childhood maltreatment history designed to be appropriate for completion by adults. Participants were undergraduates (n=222), an internet sample (n=123), and psychiatric outpatients (n=30).
The internal reliability, convergent, and concurrent validity of the CARTS were supported across samples. Paired differences in means and correlations between rated item-descriptiveness to self, mothers, and fathers also accorded with findings of prior attachment and maltreatment research, illustrating the utility of assessing the occurrence and effects of maltreatment within a relational-socioecological framework.
Results preliminarily support a new survey methodology for assessing childhood maltreatment within a relational-socioecological framework. Further psychometric evaluation of the CARTS is warranted.
Journal Article
Exploring Patterns of Service Utilization Within Children’s Mental Health Agencies
The natural history of psychopathology indicates that many children will re-experience mental health problems. However, little is known about service use over extended time periods. We explored service use of a 5-year time period, and expected to find that some children received mental health services for many months, and some received services in episodes. Administrative visit data from 6 child and youth mental health service agencies and over 7000 children, 4 to 11 years old at their first visit in 2000–2003, were analyzed. Episodes of care were coded based on having a minimum of three visits with 180-day free period between episodes. Chart reviews were conducted for a stratified random sample of 319 cases to obtain clinical and demographic sample characteristics not available in the administrative data. Five patterns of service use were identified in 5 years of visit data using latent class cluster analyses. Close to a third of children were involved for longer than a year, and 19% received two or more episodes of care within the 5-year study period. Children who had patterns of service use with long durations of involvement tended to have a higher percentage of cases with child welfare involvement, and children had fewer strengths in terms of relationships with peers and adults, and abilities to manage negative life experiences. Best methods of caring for children with ongoing or episodic problems need to be developed, and we need to improve methods for identifying those children who might benefit from alternative models of care.
Highlights
Up to a third of children and youth with mental health problems may require care lasting more than a year and/or repeated episodes of care.
Matching children to a level of service early in care might result in better engagement, lower dropout, and perhaps better outcomes.
Ways to identify children/families at intake who may need ongoing care are needed.
How to best care for children who may need episodic care over time needs to be determined.
Journal Article
Metabolism of N ?-2-(dimethylamino)ethylacridine-4-carboxamide in cancer patients undergoing a phase I clinical trial
N-[2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl]acridine-4-carboxamide (DACA) is an experimental antitumour agent that has just completed phase I clinical trials in New Zealand and the United Kingdom. Urine (0-72 h) was analysed from 20 patients receiving DACA infused over 3 h (dose range 60-1000 mg/m2, the latter being the highest dose achieved in the trial). Aliquots were analysed for DACA and its metabolites by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Over 72 h, 44+/-5% (range 20-60%) of the dose was recovered in the urine, with 0.8+/-0.3% (range 0-3.1%) occurring as DACA. The major urinary metabolite was DACA-N-oxide-9(10H)acridone, accounting for 34+/-3% of the dose. Minor metabolites were identified as N-monomethyl-DACA-9(10H)acridone (2.0+/-0.5%), DACA-9(10H)acridone (3.3+/-0.5%), N-monomethyl-DACA (0.2+/-0.1%) and DACA-N-oxide (0.5+/-0.1%). No ring-hydroxylated metabolite was detected. The urinary excretion of metabolites was greatest over 0-6 h in most patients. The composition of urinary metabolites was also independent of the delivered dose. Plasma was sampled at intervals throughout the infusion and at time points up to 48 h post-administration. The major plasma metabolites observed were DACA-9(10H)acridone and DACA-N-oxide-9(10H)acridone. These results indicate that, based on urinary excreted metabolites, the major biotransformation reactions for DACA in humans involve N-oxidation of the tertiary amine side chain and acridone formation, both of which appear to be detoxication reactions.
Journal Article
Flight of fantasy
In a surprisingly European-feeling Neo-Classical building in the Daikanyama area of Tokyo, Block Architecture has gutted the existing shop to give a narrative edge to a cool interior for designer Hussein Chalayan, who has been very much part of the process and not just a brief-giver.
Magazine Article
How Parents Seek Help for Children with Mental Health Problems
Parents seeking help for their child’s mental health problem face a complicated system of services. We examined how parents navigate the various services available. Sixty parents contacting a children’s mental health center were interviewed regarding their efforts and rationale in seeking help for their child. On average, in the year prior to the interview parents sought help for two different child problems, contacted five different agencies or professionals for help, and parents and/or children received two different treatments. One fifth of the time parents said they accepted treatments that they did not want. Almost all parents (87%) were simultaneously in contact with more than one agency at some point within the previous year. Future help-seeking models need to capture the iterative referral process that many parents experience.
Journal Article