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"Eversole, Robyn"
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East Dragon, West Dragon
East Dragon and West Dragon are suspicious of one another although they have never met, but when the western king is captured in the Eastern Kingdom and West Dragon goes to rescue him, they find they have much in common.
Book
Remaking participation
Increasing communities' participation in development processes has been the subject of both policy aspiration and scholarly critique. This paper explores the implications of a critical perspective on the ‘elusive goal’ of participation for community development practitioners. Drawing on insights from a range of scholars, this paper poses a practical challenge to professionals who work with communities: to name and challenge deeply embedded assumptions about expert knowledge and formal institutions, to recognize the role of those who ‘translate’ between community and external organizational spaces, and to integrate community knowledge and community institutions into participatory development processes.
Journal Article
Here to Help
Over six billion dollars in developmental assistance is funneled annually through non-governmental organizations (NGOs), yet little is understood about the nature of their relationship with communities and the real impact of their work. This book examines what role NGOs really play in fighting poverty in Latin America. Expert NGO professionals and scholars explore grass-roots relationships between international religious and secular NGOs and poor communities. They probe the power structures, cultural assumptions, dangers and possibilities that underlie NGOs' work. While fighting poverty is the mission of many NGOs, most are aware that they often fail to make things better, and, in fact, may make things worse. By providing a forum for Northern and Southern NGOs, donors, scholars, and poor people themselves, this book explores the causes and cures of poverty, and presses at the boundaries of our understanding of participatory development. It identifies both internal and external factors that influence the success of NGO projects, and moves beyond standard best-practice theory to probe more deeply the relationships that underlie poverty and how these relationships can be shifted to achieve solutions.
eBook
Towards an Anthropology of Local and Regional Development Practice
Contemporary anthropology provides practical insights about development as a social process but mainly with reference to international contexts. Anthropologists have had little involvement in domestic local and regional development work, and anthropology is practically unknown in local and regional development circles. Yet anthropology can provide practical guidance for development initiatives in local areas by helping professionals to reframe development issues with attention to different actors' knowledges and logics. This article describes how insights from anthropology informed a local and regional development program in North West Tasmania, Australia. An anthropological process of seeking out local knowledges and bringing them into dialogue reframed development problems and suggested new logics of action for change.
Journal Article
Community Agency and Community Engagement: Re-theorising Participation in Governance
Interest in participatory governance recognises that communities can make valuable contributions to governance, but attempts to strengthen community participation encounter obstacles theorised as failures or incompleteness of participatory governance. This paper offers an alternative approach, drawing on ethnographic field data from a decade of work in rural Australian communities. It shows the nature of the community agency that is at the heart of policy interest in participation and how it differs from government efforts at community engagement. These insights suggest a need to rethink participatory governance, not as a single process with multiple participants, but as the juxtaposition of different ways of governing. Doing so opens up the possibility of governments and communities working together in new ways, with governments not only valuing what communities can contribute in theory, but also recognising how diverse communities work in practice.
Journal Article
Planning to ‘Hear the Farmer’s Voice’: an Agent-Based Modelling Approach to Agricultural Land Use Planning
Agricultural land use is influenced not only by multiple aspects of biophysical and socio-economic processes, but also the cumulative impacts of individual farmer decisions. Farmers’ activities and decisions at farm scale shape land use and water utilisation at regional scale, yet land use planning processes do not take into account farmers’ knowledge and decision-making processes as they respond to, and in turn shape, change. Farmers’ voices are missing in the planning system. In this paper, we address the complexity of agricultural land use planning and examine the possibility of agricultural land use planning from the bottom-up via simulation to integrate environmental, economic and human factors that influence land use change. We present an innovative approach to model the interactions between government policy, market signals, and farmers’ land use decisions, and how the accumulated effects of these individual decisions change agricultural land use patterns at regional scale, using spatial and temporal agent-based modeling. A multi-stage mixed method spatial agent-based modeling (ABM) approach, aligned with the Geodesign framework, can incorporate local knowledge and decision-making into models of regional land use change. To illustrate the new approach, we examine the impact of milk market price on changes in land use in Tasmania, Australia. This approach brings together local knowledge with scientific, planning, and policy knowledge to generate dynamic scenarios for informed agricultural land-use planning decisions.
Highlights
• Agricultural land-use planning is complex and needs to account for the impact of farm-scale decision making on regional-scale land-use.
• A multi-stage mixed method spatial ABM approach aligned with the Geodesign framework enables the incorporation of bottom-up farmer knowledge and decision-making into models of regional land use change.
• Modeling regional land-use change using spatial ABM brings local knowledge at micro-scale into dialogue with scientific, planning, and policy knowledge at macro scale to generate dynamic scenarios to inform agricultural land-use planning decisions
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Journal Article
Migrant remittances and household development: an anthropological analysis
Over the past decade, influxes of remittances from overseas workers, mostly sent to families back home, have begun to attract policy and scholarly attention for their potential development impacts. This article seeks to answer the question: What is the development impact of these remittances for the households that receive them with reference to field data from remittance-receiving households in the Philippines. Recognising that different ‘development logics’ inform different understandings of development, this article analyses field data on migrant remittances with reference to three common sets of development logics: economic development, social development and sustainable livelihoods. It then dialogues and extends these findings with qualitative data on the way remittance-receiving households themselves understand the role of migrant remittances. An anthropological approach brings these different logics into dialogue, illustrating the complexity of households’ quest for economic, social and livelihood outcomes, and the need to understand the contexts that influence their ability to meet their development goals at home and abroad.
Journal Article
Guest editorial: Gender and social entrepreneurship: building cumulative knowledge
Going forward into the post-COVID-19 pandemic era, together with the need for heightened action to achieve the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), it is both vital and timely to seek new understanding on the gender dimensions of social entrepreneurship. [...]in this Special Issue (SI), we sought to enhance the understanding of the intersection between gender and social entrepreneurship, draw attention to implications for practice and reflect on a forward research agenda. Since the overarching purpose of the SI was to generally advance the limited understanding on gendered social entrepreneurship, we deliberately kept the ambit of the SI broad and clearly signposted this in the SI title, “Gender and social entrepreneurship: building cumulative knowledge”. Upon completion of the review process and following editorial feedback, five submissions were finally accepted for the SI. Since even within the rapidly maturing body of scholarly literature on social entrepreneurship there is considerable need for understanding beyond the tried and tested Global North contexts (de Bruin and Teasdale, 2019), it is noteworthy that two of these papers provide gendered social entrepreneurial insights from developing countries in Latin America, and Sub-Saharan Africa. The paper delves into the values antecedents of women’s social entrepreneurship and makes an important contribution to the literature by identifying that entrepreneurs’ pro-social values develop over time across three experiential domains: family, work and life. [...]foundational familial experiences, mainly transmittance of parental pro-social values, are progressively built on in the work and life domains, to catalyse social entrepreneurship.
Journal Article
Social enterprises in rural community development
Social enterprises are hybrid organizational forms that combine characteristics of for-profit businesses and community sector organizations. This article explores how rural communities may use social enterprises to progress local development agendas across both economic and social domains. Drawing on qualitative case studies of three social enterprises in rural North West Tasmania, this article explores the role of social enterprises in local development processes. The case study social enterprises, despite differences in size, structure, mission and age, are strongly embedded in their local places and local communities. As deeply contextualized development actors, these social enterprises mobilize multiple resources and assets to achieve a range of local development outcomes, including but not limited to social capital.
Journal Article
Measurement as legitimacy versus legitimacy of measures
Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to review the growing emphasis on quantifiable performance measures such as social return on investment (SROI) in third sector organisations - specifically, social enterprise - through a legitimacy theory lens. It then examines what social enterprises value (i.e. consider important) in terms of performance evaluation, using a case study approach. Design/methodology/approach - Case studies involving interviews, documentary analysis, and observation, of three social enterprises at different life-cycle stages with different funding structures, were constructed to consider \"what measures matter\" from a practitioner's perspective. Findings - Findings highlight a priority on quality outcomes and impacts in primarily qualitative terms to evaluate performance. Further, there is a noticeable lack of emphasis on financial measures other than basic access to financial resources to continue pursuing social goals. Social implications - The practical challenges faced by social enterprises - many of which are small to medium sized - in evaluating performance and by implication organisational legitimacy are contrasted with measures such as SROI which are resource intensive and have inherent methodological limitations. Hence, findings suggest the limited and valuable resources of social enterprises would be better allocated towards documenting the actual outcomes and impacts as a first step, in order to evaluate social and financial performance in terms appropriate to each objective, in order to demonstrate organisational legitimacy. Originality/value - Findings distinguish between processes which may hold symbolic legitimacy for select stakeholder groups, and processes which hold substantive, cognitive legitimacy for stakeholders more broadly, in the under-researched context of social enterprise.
Journal Article