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Ocean meets sky
\"A little boy builds a ship to honor his late grandfather and sets sail for the magical place where ocean meets sky from his grandfather's stories\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Dissecting spatial heterogeneity and the immune-evasion mechanism of CTCs by single-cell RNA-seq in hepatocellular carcinoma
Little is known about the transcriptomic plasticity and adaptive mechanisms of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) during hematogeneous dissemination. Here we interrogate the transcriptome of 113 single CTCs from 4 different vascular sites, including hepatic vein (HV), peripheral artery (PA), peripheral vein (PV) and portal vein (PoV) using single-cell full-length RNA sequencing in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. We reveal that the transcriptional dynamics of CTCs were associated with stress response, cell cycle and immune-evasion signaling during hematogeneous transportation. Besides, we identify chemokine CCL5 as an important mediator for CTC immune evasion. Mechanistically, overexpression of CCL5 in CTCs is transcriptionally regulated by p38-MAX signaling, which recruites regulatory T cells (Tregs) to facilitate immune escape and metastatic seeding of CTCs. Collectively, our results reveal a previously unappreciated spatial heterogeneity and an immune-escape mechanism of CTC, which may aid in designing new anti-metastasis therapeutic strategies in HCC.
Circulating tumour cells can be useful for monitoring disease progression but how they survive in the circulatory system is unclear. Here, the authors use single-cell sequencing of circulating tumour cells from multiple vascular sites in liver cancer patients and identify genes that may help the cells survive.
Journal Article
Brief review of image denoising techniques
With the explosion in the number of digital images taken every day, the demand for more accurate and visually pleasing images is increasing. However, the images captured by modern cameras are inevitably degraded by noise, which leads to deteriorated visual image quality. Therefore, work is required to reduce noise without losing image features (edges, corners, and other sharp structures). So far, researchers have already proposed various methods for decreasing noise. Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages. In this paper, we summarize some important research in the field of image denoising. First, we give the formulation of the image denoising problem, and then we present several image denoising techniques. In addition, we discuss the characteristics of these techniques. Finally, we provide several promising directions for future research.
Journal Article
Barnaby unboxed!
In a world of Perfect Pets, Barnaby is as perfect as they come. When he's brought home to be pampered and cared for by his very own little girl, life is just about perfect - until a new, even more perfect pet comes on the scene. Barnaby finds himself on a wild adventure through the city and an emotional search for his place in this world and discovers that you don't have to be perfect to find your place in the world and be loved.
BOOK
Regulation of alveolar macrophage death in acute lung inflammation
Acute lung injury (ALI) and its severe form, known as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), are caused by direct pulmonary insults and indirect systemic inflammatory responses that result from conditions such as sepsis, trauma, and major surgery. The reciprocal influences between pulmonary and systemic inflammation augments the inflammatory process in the lung and promotes the development of ALI. Emerging evidence has revealed that alveolar macrophage (AM) death plays important roles in the progression of lung inflammation through its influence on other immune cell populations in the lung. Cell death and tissue inflammation form a positive feedback cycle, ultimately leading to exaggerated inflammation and development of disease. Pharmacological manipulation of AM death signals may serve as a logical therapeutic strategy for ALI/ARDS. This review will focus on recent advances in the regulation and underlying mechanisms of AM death as well as the influence of AM death on the development of ALI.
Journal Article
The Night Gardener
Everyone on Grimloch Lane enjoys the trees and shrubs clipped into animal masterpieces after dark by the Night Gardener, but William, a lonely boy, spots the artist, follows him, and helps with his special work.
Book
Associations between macrolide antibiotics prescribing during pregnancy and adverse child outcomes in the UK: population based cohort study
The interpretation and conclusions contained in this study are those of the authors alone.Table 1 Statements from British National Formulary (BNF) and in Summaries of Product Characteristics (SPC) on the safety of specific macrolides during pregnancy Drug Statement Erythromycin SPC Erythromycin 250 mg gastroresistant tablets (https://mhraproductsprod.blob.core.windows.net/docs-20200210/bcaf2e97bcf6284e78173c7a70022a8049abbbcb): There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Based on variable results obtained from studies in mice, rats, rabbits and monkeys, the possibility of adverse effects on embryofoetal development cannot be excluded. [...]use during pregnancy is not advised without carefully weighing the benefits against risk. The safety of azithromycin has not been confirmed with regard to the use of the active substance during pregnancy. [...]azithromycin should only be used during pregnancy if the benefit outweighs the risk.
Journal Article
Sport in the Middle East : power, politics, ideology and religion
This collection provides interdisciplinary study of sport in the Middle East in the context of history, politics, policies, gender, religion, ideology and international relations. The chapters examine the role of the Pan-Arab Games in strengthening the bonds of Arab identity in Qatar, the contribution of sport to the building of nationhood and cultural image in Lebanon and Turkey, female involvement in the Olympic movement in Middle Eastern countries, how sport has facilitated the promotion of gender equality and how sport has served the social and cultural transformation of the Islamic world. Study of the role and functions of sport in the Middle East in its historical, political and cultural context is long overdue. Based on recent research conducted by prominent young scholars in this field, this collection will inspire and stimulate the future development of research in the Islamic world.
Book
Global burden of mental disorders in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2021: results from the global burden of disease study 2021
Background
Mental disorders, one of the leading causes of the global health-related burden, which has been exacerbated by the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic (2019–2021). In this study, we aim to provide global, regional, and national estimates of the mental disorders burden from 1990 to 2021, including during the COVID-19.
Methods
We collected data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (GBD 2021) on the incidence, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), and age-standardized DALY rate (ASR) of 12 mental disorders from 204 countries and regions. The socio-demographic index (SDI) was used to evaluate the correlation between mental disorders burden and different regions. We utilized joinpoint regression analysis to estimate the average annual percentage change (AAPC).
Results
In 2021, there were 444,397,716 incident cases and 155,418,119 DALYs globally from mental disorders. From 1990 to 2021, there was an upward trend in both ASIR [15.23% (12.97–17.60%)] and ASR [17.28% (15.06–19.44%)]. In 2021, the highest ASIR was observed in Central Sub-Saharan Africa (8706.11), while the lowest was in East Asia (3340.99). Australia (2787.87) had the highest ASR. Nationally, Greenland, Greece, the United States, and Australia had the highest ASRs. During the COVID-19 pandemic, aside from East Asia, both the ASIR showed an upward trend in the five SDI and other GBD regions. In 2021, the ASR for females was higher than that for males. Among the 12 subtypes, major depressive disorder (557.87) and anxiety disorders (524.33) had the highest ASR. Major depressive disorder ranked first in ASR in 13 of the 21 regions worldwide. Despite the overall upward trend in DALYs for mental disorders [AAPC: 5.96; 95%CI: (4.99, 6.92)], the ASR exhibited varying trends among different subtypes, with anxiety disorders experiencing the most significant increase.
Conclusions
GBD 2021 showed that the burden of mental disorders has increased over the past three decades, with notable regional disparities. High SDI regions and females should be paid more attention. To alleviate future burdens, providing comprehensive mental health support, establishing effective mental health knowledge dissemination and tailored interventions are in great need.
Clinical trial number
Not applicable.
Journal Article