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Anti-CCP (cyclic citrullinated peptide) is considered the most useful laboratory tool in the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Some authors have also found this autoantibody in patients with scleroderma (SSc). The study aimed to investigate the prevalence of anti-CCP antibodies in SSc patients from Southern Brazil and their association with clinical and serological profile of the disease. We studied 76 patients with SSc and 100 healthy volunteers for presence of anti-CCP. SSc patients charts were reviewed for clinical and laboratory data. In the SSc group, the diffuse form was present in 20.5%; 62.8% had the limited form; 14.1% had overlap with systemic lupus or polymyositis and 2.5% had SSc sine scleroderma. Anti-CCP was found in nine of 78 (11.5%) SSc patients and in one of 100 healthy volunteers ( p  = 0.0054). No relationship was found with arthritis, skin Rodnan m score, esophageal dysmotility, myocarditis, pulmonary hypertension and lung fibrosis. Positive association was observed with arthralgias ( p  = 0.02). Also, no relationship was noted with the presence of anti-centromere antibodies, anti-Scl-70, anti-RNP or rheumatoid factor. Anti-CCP are more common in SSc patients than in controls. Arthralgias but not arthritis or rheumatoid factor are more frequent in anti-CCP positive patients.