Explore the vast range of titles available.

This study evaluated the effect of an experimental paste containing hydroxyapatite in nanoparticles (nano-HA)/fluoride on dental de-remineralisation in situ. Thirteen subjects took part in this crossover/randomised/double-blind study performed in 4 phases (14 days each). Four sound and 4 pre-demineralised specimens were worn intraorally at each phase corresponding to the following treatments: Nanop Plus (10% HA, 0.2% NaF, nano-HA/fluoride), MI Paste Plus (casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate, 0.2% NaF), F (0.2% NaF) and placebo. Two-hundred and forty enamel and 240 dentine specimens were selected by using surface microhardness; half of them were subjected to pre-demineralisation and the other half remained sound. Sound specimens were further exposed to severe cariogenic challenge (20% sucrose in biofilm) in situ, while pre-demineralised specimens were not. All specimens were exposed to fluoride dentifrice slurry 2 × 1 min/day. Thereafter, the treatments were done for 4 min. The de-remineralisation was quantified by transversal microradiography. The data were statistically analysed by repeated-measures ANOVA/Tukey's tests (p < 0.05). Generally, no huge differences were found among the treatments. However, Nanop Plus was the only treatment able to significantly reduce dentine demineralisation (ΔZ, integrated mineral loss) and to improve enamel remineralisation (ΔΔZ, integrated mineral uptake) compared to placebo. No treatments were able to reduce enamel demineralisation, while for dentine remineralisation all treatments were similarly effective in improving ΔΔZ compared to placebo. Nanop Plus seems to have a positive influence on dental de-remineralisation, which should be further confirmed.

Multiple diastemas commonly cause esthetical complaints, especially in high demanding patients that frequently have sound teeth. Objective: The aim of the present clinical report is to describe the treatment of multiple diastemas with surgical crown lengthening and minimally invasive lithium disilicate veneers. Case report: During clinical evaluation, it was observed multiple well distributed diastemas in anterior superior teeth and a reduced length of the central incisors. Initially, crown lengthening surgery was performed to restore adequate width-to-length ratio to central incisors. After healing, impressions were taken, and study cast models revealed the need for slight reduction of proximal surfaces to remove retentive areas and provide good adaptation for laminate veneers. After a conservative preparation, impressions were taken with addition silicone and cast models were sent to a laboratory. Lithium disilicate laminate veneers were fabricated by the heat press technique. Cementation protocol was performed with light-activated resin-cement, which was carefully chosen in terms of color and fluorescence. Conclusion: Multiple diastemas can be successfully treated with minimal restorative interventions involving little or no preparation; however, a careful evaluation must be conducted in order to remove retentive areas. Furthermore, teeth width-length ratio must also be considered when planning such esthetic restorations.

Background Adolescence is a period of identity exploration. When motherhood occurs during this stage, it introduces additional complexity, as young mothers must negotiate self-perception while taking on caregiving roles. This experience is further shaped by limited preparedness, social stigma, partner absence, school dropout, loneliness, and emotional distress. To inform more developmentally attuned interventions, we explored the lived experience of adolescent mothers participating in a perinatal home-visiting program. Methods We recruited 72 adolescents aged 14–19 from low-income neighborhoods in São Paulo, Brazil. Most identified as Black or Brown, and all were experiencing their first pregnancy. They took part in Primeiros Laços (“First Ties”), a nurse-led program offering psychosocial support from pregnancy through the child’s second year. Participants completed open-ended interviews during pregnancy and again at 3, 12, and 24 months postpartum, totaling 223 interviews. Using thematic analysis informed by phenomenology, we examined how their lived experiences evolved over time. Results We identified five experiential domains: [1] Reactions to Pregnancy Discovery, marked by ambivalence; [2] Changes in Experiencing the Body, with heightened bodily awareness and, at times, emotional suffering expressed through physical sensations; [3] Forming a Maternal Identity, as prior adolescent roles were reshaped into an emerging maternal self; [4] Transformations in the Experience of Time, encompassing altered future horizons or a desire to hold onto the present; and [5] Reframing Relationships, with the child becoming a central source of meaning and emotional reciprocity. Conclusions Our findings highlight how existential structures of temporality, embodiment, identity, and intersubjectivity shape adolescent motherhood. Pregnancy and early caregiving intensified bodily awareness and reorganized temporal perspectives, with some adolescents experiencing expanded possibilities and others a sense of stagnation. Relationships were reoriented around the child as a new experiential center. These insights suggest that psychosocial interventions should be attentive to moments when the future feels overwhelming, provide clear information that supports bodily awareness, and ensure continuity of care. A non-judgmental stance that respects each mother’s values while gradually broadening life horizons may strengthen maternal competencies and expand possibilities beyond caregiving.

Multi-taxon surveys were conducted in species-rich, lowland palaeotropical and neotropical forested landscapes in Sumatra, Indonesia and Mato Grosso, Brazil. Gradient-directed transects (gradsects) were sampled across a range of forested land use mosaics, using a uniform protocol to simultaneously record vegetation (vascular plant species, plant functional types (PFTs) and vegetation structure), vertebrates (birds, mammals) and invertebrates (termites), in addition to measuring site and soil properties, including carbon stocks. At both sites similar correlations were detected between major components of structure (mean canopy height, woody basal area and litter depth) and the diversities of plant species and PFTs. A plant species to PFT ratio [spp.:PFTs] was the best overall predictor of animal diversity, especially termite species richness in Sumatra. To a notable extent vegetation structure also correlated with animal diversity. These surrogates demonstrate generic links between habitat structural elements, carbon stocks and biodiversity. They may also offer practical low-cost indicators for rapid assessment in tropical forest landscapes.