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"Ferraro, S"
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An extraperitoneal approach for complex flank, iliac, and lumbar hernia
PurposeThe aim of this paper is to propose our four-step technique, an open extraperitoneal approach for complex flank, lumbar, and iliac hernias.Methods A big polypropylene mesh is placed, covering and reinforcing all the lateral abdominal wall in an extraperitoneal space. Its borders are retroxiphoid fatty triangle and the costal arch cranially and the retropubic space caudally, psoas muscle, and paravertebral region posteriorly and contralateral rectus muscle medially. Mesh dimensions do not depend from the defect size, but prosthesis has to cover all the lateral abdominal wall.ResultsNo major complications have been reported. The mean length of stay is 4.8 days (range 3–11). Mean follow-up is 44.8 months (range 5–92). One recurrence (4.5%) has been reported at the 1-year clinical evaluation.ConclusionIn conclusion, we believe that regardless size and location of the defect, every complex lateral hernia requires the same extensive repair because of the critical anatomy of the region with a big medium-heavyweight polypropylene mesh placed in an extraperitoneal plane, the only one that allows adequate covering of the visceral sac.Our technique is a safe, feasible, and reproducible treatment for this challenging surgical problem.
Journal Article
Tracing the Evolution of the Cool Gas in CGM and IGM Environments through Mg ii Absorption from Redshift z = 0.75 to z = 1.65 Using DESI-Y1 Data
We present a measurement of the mean absorption of cool gas traced by Mg ii (λλ2796, 2803) around emission line galaxies (ELGs), spanning spatial scales from 20 kpc to 10 Mpc. The measurement is based on crossmatching the positions ELGs at z = 0.75–1.65 and the metal absorption in the spectra of background quasars with data provided by the Year 1 sample of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument. The ELGs are divided into two redshift intervals: 0.75 < z < 1.0 and 1.0 < z < 1.65. We find that the composite quasar spectra constructed by stacking the ELG-QSO pairs evolve with redshift, with z > 1 having a systematically higher signal of Mg ii absorption. Within 1 Mpc, the covering fraction of the cool gas at z > 1 is higher than that of z < 1. The enhancement becomes less apparent especially if the projected distance rp > 1 Mpc. ELGs with higher stellar mass and star formation rate (SFR) yield higher clustering of Mg ii absorbers at z < 1. For z > 1, the covering fractions with different SFRs show little difference. The higher Mg ii absorption at higher redshift supports the observations of higher star formation at cosmic noon. Converting the Mg ii absorbers to unsaturated Si ii, our estimate indicates that the metal abundance of Si ii ranges from 0.7 to 1.2 × 10−6 from z = 0.9 to 1.3. The growth of low-ionization metal abundance strongly suggests a metal-enriched circumgalactic medium and an increased presence of cool gas in the intergalactic medium toward higher redshifts.
Journal Article
The DESI DR1 Peculiar Velocity Survey: Global Zero-point and H0 Constraints
The Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) in its first Data Release (DR1) already provides more than 100,000 galaxies with relative distance measurements. The primary purpose of this paper is to perform the calibration of the zero-point for the DESI Fundamental Plane and Tully–Fisher relations, which allows us to measure the Hubble constant, H0. This sample has a lower statistical uncertainty than any previously used to measure H0, and we investigate the systematic uncertainties in absolute calibration that could limit the accuracy of that measurement. We improve upon the DESI Early Data Release Fundamental Plane H0 measurement by (a) using a group catalog to increase the number of calibrator galaxies and (b) investigating alternative calibrators in the nearby Universe. Our baseline measurement calibrates to the SH0ES/Pantheon+ type Ia supernovae, and finds H0 = 73.7 ± 0.06 (stat.) ± 1.1 (syst.) km s−1 Mpc−1. Calibrating to surface brightness fluctuation distances yields a similar H0. We explore measurements using other calibrators, but these are currently less precise since the overlap with DESI peculiar velocity tracers is much smaller. In future data releases with an even larger peculiar velocity sample, we plan to calibrate directly to Cepheids and the tip of the red giant branch, which will enable the uncertainty to decrease towards a percent-level measurement of H0. This will provide an alternative to supernovae as the Hubble flow sample for H0 measurements.
Journal Article
Pulmonary Inflammation and Cell Death in Mice After Acute Exposure to Air Particulate Matter From an Industrial Region of Buenos Aires
Epidemiological studies have shown that air particulate matter (PM) can increase respiratory morbidity and mortality being the lungs the main target organ to PM body entrance. Even more, several in vivo and in vitro studies have shown that air PM has a wide toxicity spectra depending among other parameters, on its size, morphology, and chemical composition. The Reconquista River is the second most polluted river from Buenos Aires, and people living around its basin are constantly exposed to its contaminated water, soil and air. However, the air PM from the Reconquista River (RR-PMa) has not been characterized, and its biological impact on lung has yet not been assessed. Therefore, the present investigation was undertaken to study (1) RR-PMa morphochemical characteristic and (2) RR-PMa lung acute effects after intranasal instillation exposure through the analysis of three end points: oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. A single acute exposure of RR-PMa (1 mg/kg body weight) after 24 h caused significant (p < 0.05) enrichment in bronchoalveolar total cell number and polymorphonuclear (PNM) fraction, superoxide anion generation, production of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6, and induction of apoptosis. It was also observed that in lung homogenates, none of the antioxidant enzymes assayed showed differences between exposed RR-PMa and control mice. These data demonstrate that air PM from the Reconquista River induce lung oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell death therefore represents a potential hazard to human health.
Journal Article
class_sz I: Overview
class_sz is a versatile, robust and efficient code, in C and Python, optimized to compute theoretical predictions for a wide range of observables relevant to cross-survey science in the Stage IV era. The code is public at https://github.com/CLASS-SZ/class_sz along with a series of tutorial notebooks ( https://github.com/CLASS-SZ/notebooks ). It will be presented in full detail in paper II. Here we give a brief overview of key features and usage.
Journal Article
Essential trace elements in milk and blood serum of lactating donkeys as affected by lactation stage and dietary supplementation with trace elements
The aim of this trial was to study the concentration of zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), selenium (Se), cobalt (Co) and iodine (I) in milk and blood serum of lactating donkeys, taking into account the effects of lactation stage and dietary supplementation with trace elements. During a 3-month period, 16 clinically healthy lactating donkeys (Martina-Franca-derived population), randomly divided into two homogeneous groups (control (CTL) and trace elements (TE)), were used to provide milk and blood samples at 2-week intervals. Donkeys in both groups had continuous access to meadow hay and were fed 2.5 kg of mixed feed daily, divided into two meals. The mixed feed for the TE group had the same ingredients as the CTL, but was supplemented with a commercial premix providing 163 mg Zn, 185 mg Fe, 36 mg Cu, 216 mg Mn, 0.67 mg Se, 2.78 mg Co and 3.20 mg I/kg mixed feed. The concentrations of Zn, Fe, Cu, Mn, Se, Co and I were measured in feeds, milk and blood serum by inductively coupled plasma-MS. Data were processed by ANOVA for repeated measures. The milk concentrations of all the investigated elements were not significantly affected by the dietary supplementation with TE. Serum concentrations of Zn, Fe, Cu Mn and Se were not affected by dietary treatment, but TE-supplemented donkeys showed significantly higher concentrations of serum Co (1.34 v. 0.69 μg/l) and I (24.42 v. 21.43 μg/l) than unsupplemented donkeys. The effect of lactation stage was significant for all the investigated elements in milk and blood serum, except for serum manganese. A clear negative trend during lactation was observed for milk Cu and Se concentrations (−38%), whereas that of Mn tended to increase. The serum Cu concentration was generally constant and that of Co tended to increase. If compared with data reported in the literature for human milk, donkey milk showed similarities for Zn, Mn, Co and I. Furthermore, this study indicated that, in the current experimental conditions, the mineral profile of donkey milk was not dependent on dietary TE supply.
Journal Article
class_(s)z I: Overview
class_(s)z is a versatile, robust and efficient code, in C and Python, optimized to compute theoretical predictions for a wide range of observables relevant to cross-survey science in the Stage IV era. The code is public at https://github.com/CLASS-SZ/class_(s)z along with a series of tutorial notebooks (https://github.com/CLASS-SZ/notebooks). It will be presented in full detail in paper II. Here we give a brief overview of key features and usage.
Journal Article
To D or not to D: vitamin D in hematopoietic cell transplantation
Vitamin D plays an essential role in bone health, immune tolerance, and immune modulation. Autologous and allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) recipients are at increased risk of vitamin D deficiency, which may increase risks of bone loss and fracture, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), and relapse, and can delay hematologic and immune recovery following HCT. Growing evidence indicates that vitamin D may have a role as an immunomodulator, and supplementation during HCT may decrease the risk of GVHD, infection, relapse, and mortality. In this paper, we review the role of vitamin D and its association with HCT outcomes and discuss prevention and treatment of vitamin D deficiency after HCT in adult recipients. We review the role of monitoring of vitamin D levels pre- and post-HCT and its supplementation in appropriate patients. We also review the use of bone densitometry prior to HCT and in long-term follow-up and the treatment of osteoporosis in this high-risk population.
Journal Article
Resting state fMRI in cluster headache: which role?
The pathophysiology of cluster headache (CH) is not well-known. For several years, the most widely accepted theory was that CH was triggered by hypothalamus with secondary activation of the trigeminal-autonomic reflex. However, it was recently suggested that the posterior hypothalamus might be an actor of the pain modulating network more involved in terminating rather than triggering attacks. To investigate this hypothesis, resting state fMRI could provide valuable information on functional connectivity between brainstem and hypothalamus, as well as other brain structures that could be involved in CH pathophysiology. In this framework, here we review recent studies investigating functional connectivity by means of resting state fMRI. Despite the important findings of these studies, we suggest that important steps in the comprehension of CH pathophysiology will be done when the scientific community will use the new methodological approaches recently suggested to study functional connectivity in the brainstem.
Journal Article