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"Ferrer, Ada"
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Freedom's mirror : Cuba and Haiti in the age of revolution
\"The Haitian Revolution of 1791-1804 was the only slave rebellion in which slaves and former slaves succeeded in ending slavery and establishing an independent state, making it perhaps the most radical revolution of the modern world. Yet on the Spanish island of Cuba, barely fifty miles away, the events in Haiti helped usher in the antithesis of revolutionary emancipation. There, planters and authorities saw the devastation of their neighboring colony and rushed to prevent the same events from happening in Cuba by buttressing the institutions of slavery and colonial rule. Freedom's Mirror follows the reverberations of the Haitian Revolution in Cuba, where the violent entrenchment of slavery occurred at the very moment that the Haitian Revolution provided a powerful and proximate example of slaves destroying slavery. By linking two stories--the story of the Haitian Revolution and that of the rise of Cuban slave society--that are usually told separately, Ada Ferrer sheds fresh light on both of these crucial moments in Caribbean and Atlantic history\"--Provided by publisher.
Book
How Important is Methodology for the estimates of the determinants of Happiness?
Psychologists and sociologists usually interpret happiness scores as cardinal and comparable across respondents, and thus run OLS regressions on happiness and changes in happiness. Economists usually assume only ordinality and have mainly used ordered latent response models, thereby not taking satisfactory account of fixed individual traits. We address this problem by developing a conditional estimator for the fixed-effect ordered logit model. We find that assuming ordinality or cardinality of happiness scores makes little difference, whilst allowing for fixed-effects does change results substantially. We call for more research into the determinants of the personality traits making up these fixed-effects.
Journal Article
Cuba : an American history
\"In Cuba, the passing of Fidel Castro from this world and of Raúl Castro from power have raised urgent questions about the island's political future. In the United States, Barack Obama's opening to Cuba, the reversal of that policy during Donald Trump's administration, and Joseph Biden's apparent willingness to reinitiate open relations have made the nature of the historic relationship between the two nations a subject of debate once more. In both countries, the time is ripe for a new reckoning with Cuba's history and its relationship to the United States. Now, award-winning historian Ada Ferrer delivers an ambitious and moving chronicle of more than five hundred years of Cuban history, reconceived and written for a moment when history itself seems up for grabs. Starting on the eve of the arrival of Columbus and ending with the 2020 US presidential election, Cuba: An American History provides us with a front-row seat as we witness the evolution of modern Cuba, with its dramatic history of conquest and colonization, of slavery and freedom, of independence and revolutions made and unmade. Throughout, Ferrer explores the sometimes surprising, often troubled intimacy between Cuba and its neighbor to the north, documenting not only the influence of the United States on Cuba but also the many ways Cuba has been a recurring presence in US affairs. This, then, is a story of Cuba that will also give American readers unexpected insights into the history of their own country. Filled with rousing stories and characters, and drawing on over thirty years of research in Cuba, Spain, and the United States-as well as the author's own extensive travel in Cuba over the same period-this is a stunning and monumental history of Cuba like no other\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Haiti, Free Soil, and Antislavery in the Revolutionary Atlantic
The Haitian Revolution has, in recent years, moved from a peripheral event to a central concern for historians of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Ferrer looks at the impact of that emancipatory movement on neighboring societies that were still very much invested in slavery. Focusing on a little-known case in 1817, the she explores the ways in which notions of freedom among slaves were shaped not only by the example of the Haitian Revolution but also by the actions of the Haitian state alter independence. She argues that the 1817 case reveals an important form of engagement on the part of the government of Alexandre Petion that has gone largely unexplored. With this case, she demonstrates that the early Haitian republic, drawing on both Old Regime attempts to restrict slavery geographically and revolutionary notions of total emancipation, did in fact project its antislavery influence abroad, thus participating in the international debates on both slavery and freedom.
Journal Article
Insurgent Cuba : race, nation, and revolution, 1868-1898
In the late nineteenth century, in an age of ascendant racism and imperial expansion, there emerged in Cuba a movement that unified black, mulatto, and white men in an attack on Europe's oldest empire, with the goal of creating a nation explicitly defined as antiracist. This book tells the story of the thirty-year unfolding and undoing of that movement. Ada Ferrer examines the participation of black and mulatto Cubans in nationalist insurgency from 1868, when a slaveholder began the revolution by freeing his slaves, until the intervention of racially segregated American forces in 1898. In so doing, she uncovers the struggles over the boundaries of citizenship and nationality that their participation brought to the fore, and she shows that even as black participation helped sustain the movement ideologically and militarily, it simultaneously prompted accusations of race war and fed the forces of counterinsurgency. Carefully examining the tensions between racism and antiracism contained within Cuban nationalism, Ferrer paints a dynamic portrait of a movement built upon the coexistence of an ideology of racial fraternity and the persistence of presumptions of hierarchy. |Examines the tensions between racism and anti-racism in Cuba's struggle to become a nation between 1868 and 1898.
eBook
Waferless Orthognathic Surgery with Customized Osteosynthesis and Surgical Guides: A Prospective Study
The purpose of this paper was to describe and to evaluate the accuracy of a protocol that involves CAD/CAM-generated cutting guides and customized titanium plates for waferless orthognathic surgery. Twenty-one patients consecutively treated between January 2021 and January 2023 were included. The preoperative virtual surgical plan (VSP) was compared with the final position determined from the postoperative CT scan and STL files. An alignment algorithm was employed to adjust the skull position in areas unaffected by the surgery. Absolute and signed deviations were calculated across all three dimensions for each maxilla, mandible and chin landmark. The accuracy analysis revealed an overall deviation of 0.93 mm (95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 0.86 to 0.99), which was < 2 mm for all assessed landmarks (p < 0.05; one-sample t-test). The mandibular landmarks showed greater deviation than the maxillary ones (p < 0.001; independent-samples t-test). Considering the deviations along the three axes, statistically significant differences were identified (p < 0.001; one-way analysis of variance). The reported protocol provides evidence on the benefit of guided orthognathic surgery when performed using a defined VSP protocol, improving accuracy in the maxilla, mandible and chin position, considered both globally and as isolated variables.
Journal Article
Aponte's Book, Aponte's Revolution, and the Allure of the Judicial Archive 1
Twice, Havana authorities searched Aponte's house, and they found an odd collection of documents and artefacts: published laws on the black militia, images of the Virgin Mary and the Haitian King, volume three of Don Quijote, guides to Havana and Rome, grammar handbooks, art manuals, compendiums of the history of the world. Like the other items confiscated from his house, the book's contents were a confounding mix of materials and images-hand-drawn pictures and maps, scenes or words cut out from fans and prints and pasted onto the pages of the book.4 Authorities looked at the hidden tome-with its many images of black men in positions of power and with one particular image that seemed to show a black army defeating a white one-and they assumed it was subversive. [...]as the plotting for rebellion unfolded, Aponte had shown the book to his co-conspirators, explaining some of its images as a way to help prepare for the coming revolution. [...]the man who authored it, and the men he showed it to, connected the book's contents to their own revolution and to their own entry into history. According to Aponte, it featured black priests and church officials in Rome, as well as two ships in the background.
Journal Article
Financial Satisfaction and (in)formal Sector in a Transition Country
This paper examines the relationship between working in the formal or informal sector and self-reported individual financial satisfaction in a country in transition. It does so by allowing for individual heterogeneity in terms of perceived financial insecurity and tax morale. The empirical analysis uses a dataset for Albania, a country in transition. The method applied is the 'self-administered questionnaire', which combines personal contacts with written questionnaire. The results indicate that, for most individuals, working in the informal sector has negative effects on their self reported financial satisfaction. For some individuals, however, this effect is positive. The characteristic defining these two groups of individuals is their attitude towards the perceived financial insecurity related to not paying taxes. These findings have important implications, in particular for transition countries with large informal sectors. Given the involuntary participation in the informal sector in these countries, the majority of individuals working in this sector will remain financially dissatisfied as long as they have no other social safety net.
Journal Article