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"Finel-Honigman, Irene"
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A Cultural History of Finance
The world of finance is again undergoing crisis and transformation. This book provides a new perspective on finance through the prism of popular and formal culture and examines fascination and repulsion toward money, the role of governments and individuals in financial crises and how the Crisis of 2008, like others since 1720, repeat the same patterns of enthusiasm, greed, culpability, revulsion, reform and recovery.
The book explores the political and socio-economic factors which determine fallibility and resilience in financial cultures, periods of crisis, transition and recovery based on cyclical rather than linear progression. Examining the roots of financial capitalism, in Europe and the United States and its corollary development in Asia, Russia and emerging markets proves that cultural and psychosocial reactions to financial success, endeavor and calamity transcend specific periods or events. The book allows the reader to discover parallel and intersecting reactions, controversies and resolutions in the cultural history of financial markets and institutions.
eBook
Rationale, structure and methodology of a French language program for American bankers and traders
Die fuenftgroesste Bank der Welt, Crédit Lyonnais, hat fuer die Angestellten ihrer New Yorker Filiale ein fachsprachliches Ausbildungsprogramm aufgelegt. Der kontinuierliche Besuch eines einmal belegten Kurses ist obligatorisch, das Ergebnis wird Bestandteil der Personalakten. Die Autorin zeigt in ihrem Erfahrungsbericht, mit welchen Schwierigkeiten ein Sprachlehrer zu kaempfen hat, der seinen Beruf in einer derart ungewohnten Umgebung, mit ungewohnter Klientel und mit neuen Materialien ausueben muss.
Journal Article
Dead gages, naked debentures
The language of finance, rife with moral innuendo, often associated with physical activity, hedging, hiding, manipulating and transacting, reflects the dynamism and the ambivalence toward all financial activity. Financial terminology followed the evolution and geo-economic shifts of commerce, money exchange, and banking operations, from Italy to the Low Countries to its permanent home in England after 1600. As financial principles grew increasingly complex, computational, and as technology compressed time and human contact, language increasingly integrated mathematical computer terminology. The development of the printing press in Germany coincided with the creation of minting and coining presses across Europe. By the mid-fifteenth century French and English currency was standardized, at least nominally, public banks were established in Italy, and real estate speculation expanded in the form of land bonds. In consequence, relationships between money in its function as a medium of exchange and the commodities that it purchased became increasingly indirect.
Book Chapter
World bankers
The analysis by Alfred Chandler, Harvard business historian, of administrative and managerial structures in industrial capitalism characterized the British model as “personal,” the Germany model as “cooperative,” and the American model as “competitive.” Within this pantheon, the French model’s unique cyclical private–public relationship should be added and defined as ambivalent. The role of international finance, esoteric in nature, conducted among a small interrelated group of bankers, able to conjure vast amounts of capital, and to influence governments in the process, persisted, and reinforced conspiracy theories and accusations of disloyalty to the nation. Less prevalent in Britain, the image of the banker as foreign or foreigner permeated French literature. The concept of a corporate identity, of a set of behavioral and social criteria applied to an institution rather than a family or a state, took shape as a byproduct of capitalism.
Book Chapter
Capitalism is dead, long live capitalism?
Juxtaposing references to Suez, Royal Dutch, and Rothschild, and description of the purest of noble French lineage, Proust revealed the contradictions at the very heart of European capitalism. Capitalism, judged cause and solution of all social and political ills, presented as the grand antithesis to Marxism, socialism, Communism, and fundamentalism, has been demolished, left for dead and resuscitated nearly every 20 years from 1905 to 2008. The omnipotent British Empire refused to admit that despite winning World War I, it had lost its undisputed economic hegemony. Suddenly rivaled and surpassed in industrial output and monetary influence by a victorious hyper-exuberant American market economy, Britain depended on Montagu Norman, the eccentric and obsessive governor of the Bank of England, who, in 1925, persuaded Churchill to revert to the Gold Standard until 1931.
Book Chapter
American financial culture
A museum dedicated to the history and artifacts of money and finance is the quintessential expression of American financial culture. American financial history is strewn with failed investment, wholesale and retail banks, corporate bankruptcies, Wall Street booms, busts, recessions, and speculative frauds. Historically, American financial swindlers and fraudsters are punished, fined, even jailed, but are often able to resurrect their fortunes and reputation. The American Revolution initiated the shift of European currencies toward the new continent. The American Congress of 1778 established a continental currency and began issuing short-term treasury obligations. The elder Morgan started a firm in Boston with George Peabody, an American merchant banker in London. The debate on American values, small town versus urban centers, the working man and small business owner versus the financiers and industrialists, recurs in every presidential campaign and deteriorates into the worst clichés from “bailing out the fat cats of Wall Street” versus “Joe the Plumber,” the everyman.
Book Chapter