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"Fischer, Pascal"
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Resistance and the city : challenging urban space
\"The essays collected in this volume unfold a panorama of urban phenomena of resistance that reach from the seventeenth to the twenty-first centuries, thus revealing the essential vulnerability of urban space to all forms of subversion. Taking their readers to diverse places and moments in history, the contributions remind us of the struggles over the concrete as well as the imaginary space we call the city. The collection maps the various challenges experienced by urban communities, ranging from the unmistakably hegemonic claim of civic festivities in early modern London to the perceived threat posed by newly created parks in the Restoration period and from the dangers of criminality and riots in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries to the transformation of the Berlin Wall into souvenirs scattered around the globe\" -- Provided by publisher.
Book
Digital patient twins for personalized therapeutics and pharmaceutical manufacturing
Digital twins are virtual models of physical artefacts that may or may not be synchronously connected, and that can be used to simulate their behavior. They are widely used in several domains such as manufacturing and automotive to enable achieving specific quality goals. In the health domain, so-called digital patient twins have been understood as virtual models of patients generated from population data and/or patient data, including, for example, real-time feedback from wearables. Along with the growing impact of data science technologies like artificial intelligence, novel health data ecosystems centered around digital patient twins could be developed. This paves the way for improved health monitoring and facilitation of personalized therapeutics based on management, analysis, and interpretation of medical data via digital patient twins. The utility and feasibility of digital patient twins in routine medical processes are still limited, despite practical endeavors to create digital twins of physiological functions, single organs, or holistic models. Moreover, reliable simulations for the prediction of individual drug responses are still missing. However, these simulations would be one important milestone for truly personalized therapeutics. Another prerequisite for this would be individualized pharmaceutical manufacturing with subsequent obstacles, such as low automation, scalability, and therefore high costs. Additionally, regulatory challenges must be met thus calling for more digitalization in this area. Therefore, this narrative mini-review provides a discussion on the potentials and limitations of digital patient twins, focusing on their potential bridging function for personalized therapeutics and an individualized pharmaceutical manufacturing while also looking at the regulatory impacts.
Journal Article
Resistance and the City
The essays collected in this volume unfold a panorama of urban phenomena of resistance that reach from the seventeenth to the twenty-first centuries, thus revealing the essential vulnerability of urban space to all forms of subversion. Taking their readers to diverse places and moments in history, the contributions remind us of the struggles over the concrete as well as the imaginary space we call the city. The collection maps the various challenges experienced by urban communities, ranging from the unmistakably hegemonic claim of civic festivities in early modern London to the perceived threat posed by newly created parks in the Restoration period and from the dangers of criminality and riots in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries to the transformation of the Berlin Wall into souvenirs scattered around the globe.Contributors: Ingo Berensmeyer, Christoph Ehland, Pascal Fischer, Blake Fitzpatrick, Kerstin Frank, Jens Martin Gurr, Bernd Hirsch, Marie Hologa, Mihaela Irimia, Stephan Kohl, Norbert Lennartz, Catharina Löffler, Margaret Olin, István Rácz, Gerd Stratmann.
eBook
Resistance and the City
The contributions collected in the second volume of Resistance and the City are devoted to the three markers of identity that cultural studies has recognised as paramount for our understanding of difference, inequality, and solidarity in modern societies: race, class, and gender. These categories, tightly linked to the mechanics of power, domination and subordination, have often played an eminent role in contemporary struggles and clashes in urban space. The confluence of people from diverse ethnic, social, and sexual backgrounds in the city has not only raised their awareness of a variety of life concepts and motivated them to negotiate their own positions, but has also encouraged them to develop strategies of resistance against patterns of social and spatial exclusion.Contributors: Oliver von Knebel Doeberitz, Barbara Korte, Anna Lienen, Gill Plain, Frank Erik Pointner, Katrin Röder, Ingrid von Rosenberg, Mark Schmitt, Ralf Schneider, Christoph Singer, Sabine Smith, Merle Tönnies, Ger Zielinski.
eBook
Characterization of phage vB_EcoS-EE09 infecting E. coli DSM613 Isolated from Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluent and Comparative Proteomics of the Infected and Non-Infected Host
Phages influence microbial communities, can be applied in phage therapy, or may serve as bioindicators, e.g., in (waste)water management. We here characterized the Escherichia phage vB_EcoS-EE09 isolated from an urban wastewater treatment plant effluent. Phage vB_EcoS-EE09 belongs to the genus Dhillonvirus, class Caudoviricetes. It has an icosahedral capsid with a long non-contractile tail and a dsDNA genome with an approximate size of 44 kb and a 54.6% GC content. Phage vB_EcoS-EE09 infected 12 out of the 17 E. coli strains tested. We identified 16 structural phage proteins, including the major capsid protein, in cell-free lysates by protein mass spectrometry. Comparative proteomics of protein extracts of infected E. coli cells revealed that proteins involved in amino acid and protein metabolism were more abundant in infected compared to non-infected cells. Among the proteins involved in the stress response, 74% were less abundant in the infected cultures compared to the non-infected controls, with six proteins showing significant less abundance. Repressing the expression of these proteins may be a phage strategy to evade host defense mechanisms. Our results contribute to diversifying phage collections, identifying structural proteins to enable better reliability in annotating taxonomically related phage genomes, and understanding phage–host interactions at the protein level.
Journal Article
‘I wanna be a Rock Star!’ Lyrical Communication in Self-Referential Rock Songs
The article uses insights into lyrical communication for an analysis of the lyrics of three popular rock songs: Dire Straits’ “Money for Nothing” (1985), AC/DC’s “Rock ‘N’ Roll Singer” (1975), and Nickelback’s “Rockstar” (2005). It explains how these songs about the figure of the rock star involve the careful listener in speculation about the relationship between the text-internal speaker, the singer (or performer), and the author. The discussion about the identity of the ‘I’ in the songs includes the possibility of a ‘mental appropriation’ by the audience. Showing the relevance of extra-textual factors for the message of these songs, the study also argues for a re-evaluation of the concept of the implied author.
Journal Article
Lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1 (LEF1) immunostaining as a surrogate for β-catenin (CTNNB1) mutations
AimsMutations affecting exon 3 of the β-catenin (CTNNB1) gene result in constitutive activation of WNT signalling and are a diagnostic hallmark of several tumour entities including desmoid-type fibromatosis. They also define clinically relevant tumour subtypes within certain entities, such as endometrioid carcinoma. In diagnostics, β-catenin immunohistochemistry is widely used as a surrogate for CTNNB1 mutations. Yet, it is often difficult to assess in practice, given that the characteristic nuclear translocation may be focal or hard to distinguish from the spillover of the normal membranous staining.MethodsWe therefore examined lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1 (LEF1) immunostaining, a nuclear marker of WNT activation that serves as a potential surrogate for CTNNB1 mutations.ResultsIn a cohort of endometrial carcinomas with known mutation status (n=130) LEF1 was 85% accurate in predicting CTNNB1 mutation status (64% sensitivity, 90% specificity) while β-catenin was 76% accurate (72% sensitivity; 77% specificity). Across a variety of entities characterised by CTNNB1 mutations as putative drivers, we found diffuse and strong expression of LEF1 in 77% of cases. LEF1 immunostaining proved easier to interpret than β-catenin immunostaining in 54% of cases, more difficult in 1% of cases and comparable in the remaining cases.ConclusionWe conclude that LEF1 immunostaining is a useful surrogate marker for CTNNB1 mutations. It favourably complements β-catenin immunohistochemistry and outperforms the latter as a single marker.
Journal Article
On the Interface between Page and Stage: Interview with Patience Agbabi
[...]even if I rehearse it, and I know it, I will still read off the page, so, yeah, its definitely a continuum because its not the same as somebody reading a poem that they havent really rehearsed. Because I rehearse it, it seems to flow. Yes, there has been an initiative set up, The Complete Works, funded by the Arts Council, to actually enable new emerging black writers to be mentored by well-known poets. Because there was some research done that proved that only an extremely small percentage of published poetry was by black writers. [...]very few people have called me a formalist poet, probably for everyone who has called me a formalist poet I would say that a hundred have called me a performance poet. [...]Chaucers been with me for a very long time, and of course he was writing at a time when the oral tradition was suddenly almost morphing into this burgeoning literary tradition, and also at a time when the English language was in an interesting state of flux as well, it was starting to become the language used at court, taking over from French.
Journal Article
Introduction: Poetry and Performance
Just as our understanding of drama has greatly profited from the rise of performance criticism (see e.g. White 1998; Hopkins 2005, 188209), there is now a growing body of research that reconceptualises poetry as an acoustic event and examines poetic texts for their performance-related qualities and their emergence in specific performance contexts (Grbner and Casas 2011; Novak 2011; Bauridl 2013). Prof. Dr. Pascal Fischer, English Department, English and American Cultural Studies, University of Bamberg, Obere Karolinenstr. 8, 96049 Bamberg, Germany, mailto:pascal.fischer@uni-bamberg.de Web End =e-mail: pascal.fischer@uni-bamberg.de; and Dr. Julia Novak, English Department, English and Anglophone Literatures, University of Vienna, AAKH Hof 8.3, Spitalgasse 2, 1090 Wien, Austria, mailto:julia.novak@univie.ac.at Web End =e-mail: julia.novak@univie.ac.at Pascal Fischer* and Julia Novak* Introduction: Poetry and Performance 244Pascal Fischer and Julia Novak This Special Issue on Poetry and Performance considers the dynamic relationship between these two constituents from a variety of perspectives, ranging from a conception of performance as live presentation of a poetic text on a physical stage to the performativity inscribed in written texts and to notions of social performativity as envisioned, for instance, by Judith Butler (Butler 2007). Pascal Fischer demonstrates how concepts derived from the study of lyrical communication can Introduction: Poetry and Performance245 shed light on rock songs that self-reflexively comment on their musical practice, and how an analysis of performance factors may in turn serve to re-evaluate the notion of the implied author.
Journal Article
The Conservative Distrust of Movement in the ‘French Revolution Debate’
From our perspective, it may not be easily understood that mobility can be very negatively connoted. But this was the case when conservatism came into being in England during the French Revolution. In the present study, I am going to show that a distrust and a denigration of movement were in fact important elements in the formation of conservatism and that this strongly affected the structure of conservative narrative literature. While there have been several attempts to define this ideology by enumerating its positions on governmental, social, cultural and religious questions, I propose to understand conservatism as a weltanschauung that is, at least partly, metaphorically conditioned. My theoretical framework is cognitive metaphor theory, which has directed our attention to the fact that our perception of reality is to a large extent based on metaphors. Anti-Jacobins, as conservatives started calling themselves at that time, drew heavily on the contrast between mobility and immobility to depict their own world-view and that of their political opponents. Embracing stability as a central constituent of their identity, conservatives regularly voice their aversion to movement and present mobility as a serious threat to everything the English nation treasures.
Journal Article