Catalogue Search | MBRL
Are you sure you want to remove the book from the shelf?
{{itemTitle}}
3,283
result(s) for
"Fischer, Peter"
Sort by:
A Review of Factors That Influence Individual Compliance with Mass Drug Administration for Elimination of Lymphatic Filariasis
The success of programs to eliminate lymphatic filariasis (LF) depends in large part on their ability to achieve and sustain high levels of compliance with mass drug administration (MDA). This paper reports results from a comprehensive review of factors that affect compliance with MDA.
Papers published between 2000 and 2012 were considered, and 79 publications were included in the final dataset for analysis after two rounds of selection. While results varied in different settings, some common features were associated with successful programs and with compliance by individuals. Training and motivation of drug distributors is critically important, because these people directly interact with target populations, and their actions can affect MDA compliance decisions by families and individuals. Other important programmatic issues include thorough preparation of personnel, supplies, and logistics for implementation and preparation of the population for MDA. Demographic factors (age, sex, income level, and area of residence) are often associated with compliance by individuals, but compliance decisions are also affected by perceptions of the potential benefits of participation versus the risk of adverse events. Trust and information can sometimes offset fear of the unknown. While no single formula can ensure success MDA in all settings, five key ingredients were identified: engender trust, tailor programs to local conditions, take actions to minimize the impact of adverse events, promote the broader benefits of the MDA program, and directly address the issue of systematic non-compliance, which harms communities by prolonging their exposure to LF.
This review has identified factors that promote coverage and compliance with MDA for LF elimination across countries. This information may be helpful for explaining results that do not meet expectations and for developing remedies for ailing MDA programs. Our review has also identified gaps in understanding and suggested priority areas for further research.
Journal Article
سحر الكون : تاريخ مختلف للعلوم الطبيعية
يعتقد معظم الناس أن العلم الطبيعي نزع السحر عن الكون. وأن ما يمكن حسابه لا يعود ينطوي على أي أسرار. في هذا الكتاب يقول مؤلف الكتب الأكثر رواجا والمحرر العلمي إرنست بيتر فيشر إن واقع الحال هو العكس تماما - لا ينكشف لنا السر الحقيقي للعالم إلا عن طريق البحث المتواصل والدؤوب، عن طريق التساؤل والاستفسار المستمرين والفضول الجامح، باختصار : عن طريق المعرفة الدقيقة للعلوم الطبيعية. هذا ما يبينه لنا فيشر على مثال كبار العلماء و\"اكتشافانهم\"، بدءا من صورة كوبرنيكوس عن العالم وصولا إلى جسيمات هيغز. إنه \"تاريخ مختلف كليا للعلوم الطبيعية\" - ودليل للدهشة.
Book
Family Tree for Aqueous Organic Redox Couples for Redox Flow Battery Electrolytes: A Conceptual Review
Redox flow batteries (RFBs) are an increasingly attractive option for renewable energy storage, thus providing flexibility for the supply of electrical energy. In recent years, research in this type of battery storage has been shifted from metal-ion based electrolytes to soluble organic redox-active compounds. Aqueous-based organic electrolytes are considered as more promising electrolytes to achieve “green”, safe, and low-cost energy storage. Many organic compounds and their derivatives have recently been intensively examined for application to redox flow batteries. This work presents an up-to-date overview of the redox organic compound groups tested for application in aqueous RFB. In the initial part, the most relevant requirements for technical electrolytes are described and discussed. The importance of supporting electrolytes selection, the limits for the aqueous system, and potential synthetic strategies for redox molecules are highlighted. The different organic redox couples described in the literature are grouped in a “family tree” for organic redox couples. This article is designed to be an introduction to the field of organic redox flow batteries and aims to provide an overview of current achievements as well as helping synthetic chemists to understand the basic concepts of the technical requirements for next-generation energy storage materials.
Journal Article
سحر الكون : تاريخ مختلف للعلوم الطبيعية
يعتقد معظم الناس أن العلم الطبيعي نزع السحر عن الكون. وأن ما يمكن حسابه لا يعود ينطوي على أي أسرار. في هذا الكتاب يقول مؤلف الكتب الأكثر رواجا والمحرر العلمي إرنست بيتر فيشر إن واقع الحال هو العكس تماما – لا ينكشف لنا السر الحقيقي للعالم إلا عن طريق البحث المتواصل والدؤوب، عن طريق التساؤل والاستفسار المستمرين والفضول الجامح، باختصار : عن طريق المعرفة الدقيقة للعلوم الطبيعية. هذا ما يبينه لنا فيشر على مثال كبار العلماء و\"اكتشافانهم\"، بدءا من صورة كوبرنيكوس عن العالم وصولا إلى جسيمات هيغز. إنه \"تاريخ مختلف كليا للعلوم الطبيعية\" – ودليل للدهشة.
BOOK
Three-dimensional nanomagnetism
Magnetic nanostructures are being developed for use in many aspects of our daily life, spanning areas such as data storage, sensing and biomedicine. Whereas patterned nanomagnets are traditionally two-dimensional planar structures, recent work is expanding nanomagnetism into three dimensions; a move triggered by the advance of unconventional synthesis methods and the discovery of new magnetic effects. In three-dimensional nanomagnets more complex magnetic configurations become possible, many with unprecedented properties. Here we review the creation of these structures and their implications for the emergence of new physics, the development of instrumentation and computational methods, and exploitation in numerous applications.
Nanoscale magnetic devices play a key role in modern technologies but current applications involve only 2D structures like magnetic discs. Here the authors review recent progress in the fabrication and understanding of 3D magnetic nanostructures, enabling more diverse functionalities.
Journal Article
جديد على كرسي الإدارة : النجاح في الأيام المئة الأولى
وهكذا لا يمكن لكرسي الإدارة أن يتحول إلى كرسي قاذف ! تغير القوى القيادية مراكزها كل سنتين إلى ثلاث سنوات بشكل وسطي ؛ ولكن حذار : فدائرة النفوذ الجديدة قد تكون حقل ألغام ! توقعات مبالغ فيها، ولاء العاملين أو بعضهم للمدير السابق، وحالات التنافس ضمن الفريق الواحد، يمكن أن تجعل دخول هذا المنصب الجديد وبالا وشؤما. تتعرفون في هذا الكتاب \"جديد على كرسي الإدارة\" على الإستراتيجيات الناجحة للبدء بالعمل في منصب جديد، وكيف تستطيعون أن تحللوا الأوضاع بسرعة بالغة وتعززون إيجاد جو إيجابي للتغيير والتطوير. إلى ذلك يوضح المؤلف إمكانية الاستفادة من بعض الطقوس وتصنيف العاملين في الطاقم الجديد، وهكذا وفي سبع ركائز وفي العديد من قوائم الاختبار، تستطيعون التعرف إلى العوامل التي تقود إلى نجاح كامل في عملية تسلم المنصب القيادي الجديد. الدكتور بيتر فيشر : عالم اقتصاد وعالم نفس، وهو مدير تنفيذي لإحدى أكبر شركات الاستشارات الدولية ومقرها في هامبورغ، وهو يعمل منذ سنوات عديدة مستشارا ومدربا في تنظيم الشركات وإدارتها. يعتمد كتاب \"جديد على كرسي الإدارة\" على خبرات عملية واسعة اكتسبها في عمله في التحكيم والاستشارات وإدارات الندوات.
Book
Genomes of Fasciola hepatica from the Americas Reveal Colonization with Neorickettsia Endobacteria Related to the Agents of Potomac Horse and Human Sennetsu Fevers
Food borne trematodes (FBTs) are an assemblage of platyhelminth parasites transmitted through the food chain, four of which are recognized as neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). Fascioliasis stands out among the other NTDs due to its broad and significant impact on both human and animal health, as Fasciola sp., are also considered major pathogens of domesticated ruminants. Here we present a reference genome sequence of the common liver fluke, Fasciola hepatica isolated from sheep, complementing previously reported isolate from cattle. A total of 14,642 genes were predicted from the 1.14 GB genome of the liver fluke. Comparative genomics indicated that F. hepatica Oregon and related food-borne trematodes are metabolically less constrained than schistosomes and cestodes, taking advantage of the richer millieux offered by the hepatobiliary organs. Protease families differentially expanded between diverse trematodes may facilitate migration and survival within the heterogeneous environments and niches within the mammalian host. Surprisingly, the sequencing of Oregon and Uruguay F. hepatica isolates led to the first discovery of an endobacteria in this species. Two contigs from the F. hepatica Oregon assembly were joined to complete the 859,205 bp genome of a novel Neorickettsia endobacterium (nFh) closely related to the etiological agents of human Sennetsu and Potomac horse fevers. Immunohistochemical studies targeting a Neorickettsia surface protein found nFh in specific organs and tissues of the adult trematode including the female reproductive tract, eggs, the Mehlis' gland, seminal vesicle, and oral suckers, suggesting putative routes for fluke-to-fluke and fluke-to-host transmission. The genomes of F. hepatica and nFh will serve as a resource for further exploration of the biology of F. hepatica, and specifically its newly discovered trans-kingdom interaction with nFh and the impact of both species on disease in ruminants and humans.
Journal Article
Mutations in a translation initiation factor identify the target of a memory-enhancing compound
The integrated stress response (ISR) modulates messenger RNA translation to regulate the mammalian unfolded protein response (UPR), immunity, and memory formation. A chemical ISR inhibitor, ISRIB, enhances cognitive function and modulates the UPR in vivo. To explore mechanisms involved in ISRIB action, we screened cultured mammalian cells for somatic mutations that reversed its effect on the ISR. Clustered missense mutations were found at the amino-terminal portion of the delta subunit of guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) eIF2B. When reintroduced by CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing of wild-type cells, these mutations reversed both ISRIB-mediated inhibition of the ISR and its stimulatory effect on eIF2B GEF activity toward its substrate, the translation initiation factor elF2, in vitro.Thus, ISRIB targets an interaction between eIF2 and eIF2B that lies at the core of the ISR.
Journal Article