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Health is a paramount issue in every society. Children's lives are more dominated by two main environments, which are the home and the school. Children's health is most affected when they encounter disease-laden environments; hence, schools have high influence in their health. Schools also serve as health promoting agencies and have a strong bidirectional relationship between a child's holistic wellbeing and education. Children are the best teachers who have the charisma to be influential change agents in reciprocating what is taught to them as healthy behavior. This paper is focused on the child-to-child approach in disseminating the importance of health among school-age children and the importance of molding them into change agents. The objective is to systematically review all literature works answering the question “ Is Child-to-Child approach effective in disseminating health information's among school children? ”. Using critical appraisal skills program (CASP) framework and a data extraction form, articles were retrieved from different databases, including Scopus, CINAHL, PubMed, ProQuest, and EBSCOHost. These articles were published between 2003 and 2020. After critically appraising 85 articles based on the inclusion criteria, only 16 were found appropriate for addressing the purpose of this review. Major results of the review were that each of the studies had tested the effectiveness of the child to child approach using different health education topics such as prevention of worm infestation, eating behaviors, first aid measures, hand hygiene practices, importance of Vitamin A, and eye care. Studies reported that this approach empowered children with better health related knowledge and practice. This paper concludes that child-to-child approach plays an important role in disseminating health to children either as siblings, peer groups, and to parents.

A novel multifunctional nanofluid composite of Iron oxide/Gold (Fe2O3-Au) was prepared using simple wet chemical method by reducing Chloroauric acid using trisodium citrate in the presence of Fe2O3 stock solution. The optical and morphological characterization confirmed the formation of hybrid structure of Iron Oxide with Gold nanoparticles. In-vitro cytoprotective studies of the sample was carried out in L929 cells. The study showed an increase up to 15% in the cell viability by the co-administration of 25 μL of Fe2O3-Au nanofluid in the L929 cells, which suffered significant reduction in cell viability due to laser irradiation. Thus, the sample is found to possess potential application in Photodynamic therapy.

Objective Urinary incontinence (UI) is defined by the International Continence Society as any complaint of involuntary urine leakage. This research study highlights the prevalence, types, and associated factors of UI among women in Oman. Methodology A descriptive cross-sectional design was used to collect data using purposive sampling technique from 400 women between 20 and 60 years; who were attending outpatient department of a referral hospital in Oman. Women were assessed using the Questionnaire for Urinary Incontinence Diagnosis to determine the type of UI. The severity and the impact of UI in women were assessed using the female urinary tract symptoms module (ICIQ-UI-SF). Descriptive statistics were used to determine the prevalence and type of UI, and the Chi-square test was used to find the association between UI and sociodemographic and obstetrical variables. Results In our study, 28.25% of the women belonged to the age of 50–59 years. The point prevalence (per 1000) of UI among Omani women who were between 20 and 60 years was 44%. In the women who had UI, the majority were having stress UI (41.6%). In the women who had UI, the severity of UI, according to the ICIQ-UI-SF scoring, 15.2% of the women had slight, 50.3% had moderate, 33.1% had severe, and only 1.3% had very intense. Conclusion Understanding the prevalence of UI in every community and associated factors is essential for the policy makers and healthcare providers to consider the early diagnosis, prevention, health promotion, and management of UI.

Under high power, Nd: YAG 532nm, ns pulsed laser spectral narrowing of an amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) from ZnO nanostructures in rhodamine 6G has been studied. The dependence of emission intensity on excitation power, particle density of ZnO nanostructures, and silica as scatterers show a distinct threshold. The Full width half maximum (FWHM) substantially reduces from 46 nm to 3.16 nm at high excitation power and ZnO-silica scatterer inclusion.

Workplace environment can have a considerable impact on the physical, psychological and maternal health of pregnant healthcare workers. this article aimed to summarise the impact of work-related ergonomic stressors on pregnancy outcomes for healthcare workers, along with potential interventions to resolve these stressors. a narrative review analysis using the pearl growing strategy was conducted between February 2019 and June 2020 to identify English-language articles published between 2000 and 2020. a total of 89 studies were identified from the SCOPUS (Elsevier, Amsterdam, Netherlands), MEDLINE® (National Library of medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA) databases and google scholar (Google LLC, Menlo Park, California, USA). the results indicated that poor work-related ergonomics had detrimental effects on pregnancy outcomes, resulting in spontaneous abortions, preterm delivery, low birth weight babies and infertility. policymakers and employers should conduct ergonomic assessments and implement appropriate practices to ensure the safety of pregnant healthcare workers.

Herein, we report how the magnetic tunability of thermal diffusivity of nanofluids of zinc ferrite/silver/silver chloride in water can be achieved. High resolution transmission electron microscopy, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area analysis are performed to validate the characteristics and suitability of the sample in designing the magneto-thermo-optic characteristics. The dual beam thermal lens technique was employed for the first-time estimation of the thermal diffusivity of nanofluids in the presence of an external magnetic field which demonstrated up to a ten-fold increase in thermal diffusivity of nanofluid [ 14.5 × 10 - 7 m 2 s - 1 ] than that of base fluid water attributed to the clustering/chaining effects. The optical microscopic and field emission scanning electron microscopic images of the nanofluid films dried in the presence of magnetic field pointed to the dominant effects of percolation due to the aggregate formation of nanoparticles in attributing magnetic tunability of thermal diffusivity. Thus zinc ferrite/silver/silver chloride nanofluid can be tailored for several heat transfer applications such as heat sinks in electronics, magnetic hyperthermia and photothermal therapy.

This study evaluated the effectiveness of the open glottis breathing technique during the second stage of labor among 600 primigravida women, randomly assigned to either an open glottis group (n=300) or a closed glottis group (n=300). Participants in the open glottis group received training via 3D animated videos. Results demonstrated a significant impact on perineal integrity, with 20.7% of women in the experimental group reporting an intact perineum compared to just 1.7% in the control group. Additionally, the open glottis group experienced shorter labor durations and a decrease in severe neonatal asphyxia, as indicated by improved APGAR scores compared to the closed glottis group. Statistical analysis using the χ2 test revealed a highly significant difference in perineal conditions between the two groups, with a χ2 value of 65.7 (p < 0.000). The study also identified a significant association between maternal age, residence, and income with the reduction of perineal tears (p < 0.000). Overall, the findings suggest that the modified open glottis breathing technique effectively prevents perineal trauma, shortens the duration of the second stage of labor, and enhances neonatal outcomes. These results highlight the potential benefits of integrating this technique into labor management practices to improve maternal and neonatal health.

A novel multifunctional nanofluid composite of Iron oxide/Gold (Fe 2 O 3 -Au) was prepared using simple wet chemical method by reducing Chloroauric acid using trisodium citrate in the presence of Fe 2 O 3 stock solution. The optical and morphological characterization confirmed the formation of hybrid structure of Iron Oxide with Gold nanoparticles. In-vitro cytoprotective studies of the sample was carried out in L929 cells. The study showed an increase up to 15% in the cell viability by the co-administration of 25 μL of Fe 2 O 3 -Au nanofluid in the L929 cells, which suffered significant reduction in cell viability due to laser irradiation. Thus, the sample is found to possess potential application in Photodynamic therapy.

Introduction: Learning and reproducing the contents learnt in the examination is a part of every student's life especially in professional courses like nursing where the entire curriculum is made concise into 3 - 4 years. Making the teaching and learning strategies more student friendly has helped to retain student's attention and instil in them the interest to learn and perform better. Jigsaw Technique is one of the cooperative learning technique in which students equally participate, prepare and lead a group thus learning for themselves as well as preparing their group. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of jigsaw learning technique on nursing students as it is found beneficial in teaching. The technique also helps to revolve the learning material for peers in learning process and thereby help to build interpersonal and interactive skills among students. Objectives: To assess the existing level of knowledge on normal labour concepts among nursing students. To plan and implement the Jigsaw learning technique for learning the concepts of normal labour. To determine the effectiveness of Jigsaw learning technique by doing the post assessment on knowledge of normal labour among nursing students. Methodology: Using Simple Random Sampling technique, 40 diploma nursing students were recruited and their pre-knowledge was assessed on the concepts of normal labor and its management. The same group was taught the Jigsaw Technique of learning and their post knowledge was assessed. There was a significant difference in the performance of the students on the self-administered questionnaire before and after the intervention. The study was conducted at St. Luke's Hospital's College of Nursing , Shrirampur. Results and interpretation: There is significant difference between pre test 19 (47.5%) and post test knowledge score 36 (90.0%) at (p value) 0.05 level, analyzed by paired 't' test. Conclusion: The Jigsaw Learning method proved to be an effective educational learning tool for nursing students