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"Freeman, David E"
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Effect of Feed Intake on Water Consumption in Horses: Relevance to Maintenance Fluid Therapy
2021
Maintenance fluid therapy is challenging in horses that cannot drink or are denied feed and water because of concerns about gastrointestinal tract function and patency. Intravenous fluid delivery to meet water needs based on current recommendations for maintenance requirements were obtained in fed horses and therefore might not apply to horses that are not being fed. This is a critical flaw because of the interdependence between intestinal tract water and extracellular water to support digestion while preserving water balance, a concept explained by the enterosystemic cycle. Because horses drink less when they are not eating and hence have lower water needs than fed horses, maintenance water requirements need to be adjusted accordingly. This article reviews this topic and identifies benefits of adjusting maintenance fluid therapy to meet lower demands from gastrointestinal function, such as reduced volumes, lower cost, avoidance of overhydration.
Journal Article
Research on preparing inservice teachers to work effectively with emergent bilinguals
2015
Between 1990 and 2010, the English language learner (ELL) population in U.S. schools grew by 80 percent. While the highest concentration of English language learners, now more commonly referred to as emergent bilinguals (EBLs) remains in the traditional immigrant destination states of California, Texas, New York, Florida, Illinois, and New Jersey, in all 50 states there are growing numbers of emergent bilinguals. Interest in these learners has encouraged research and publications, but most of this research has centered on the students themselves and the politics surrounding their education. Publications featuring the research of teacher educators preparing teachers to work with EBLs in schools are much needed. Teacher educators must know how to help inservice teachers provide effective instruction to the increasing number of linguistically diverse students in the schools.
Academic Language Mastery: Grammar and Syntax in Context
by
Freeman, Yvonne S.
,
Soto, Ivannia
,
Freeman, David E.
in
Bilingual/ELL Learners
,
Literacy
,
Teaching Strategies for Diverse Students
2017
By now it’s a given: if we’re to help our ELLs and SELs access the rigorous demands of today’s content standards, we must cultivate the “code” that drives school success: academic language. Look no further for assistance than this much-anticipated series from Ivannia Soto, in which she invites field authorities Jeff Zwiers, David and Yvonne Freeman, Margarita Calderon, and Noma LeMoine to share every teacher’s need-to-know strategies on the four essential components of academic language. The subject of this volume is grammar and syntax. Here, David and Yvonne Freeman shatter the myth that academic language is all about vocabulary, revealing how grammar and syntax inform our students’ grasp of challenging text. With this book as your roadmap, you’ll learn how to: • Teach grammar in the context of students’ speech and writing • Use strategies such as sentence frames, passives, combining simple sentences into more complex sentences, and nominalization to create more complex noun phrases • Assess academic language development through a four-step process Look inside and discover the tools you need to help students master more sophisticated and complex grammatical and syntactical structures right away. Better yet, read all four volumes in the series and put in place a start-to-finish instructional plan for closing the achievement gap.
Real-time continuous measurement of lactate through a minimally invasive microneedle patch: a phase I clinical study
by
O’Hare, Danny
,
Holmes, Alison H
,
Wilson, Richard
in
Aerobics
,
Bicycling
,
biomedical engineering
2022
IntroductionDetermination of blood lactate levels supports decision-making in a range of medical conditions. Invasive blood-sampling and laboratory access are often required, and measurements provide a static profile at each instance. We conducted a phase I clinical study validating performance of a microneedle patch for minimally invasive, continuous lactate measurement in healthy volunteers.MethodsFive healthy adult participants wore a solid microneedle biosensor patch on their forearms and undertook aerobic exercise for 30 min. The microneedle biosensor quantifies lactate concentrations in interstitial fluid within the dermis continuously and in real-time. Outputs were captured as sensor current and compared with lactate concentrations from venous blood and microdialysis.ResultsThe biosensor was well-tolerated. Participants generated a median peak venous lactate of 9.25 mmol/L (IQR 6.73–10.71). Microdialysate concentrations of lactate closely correlated with blood. Microneedle biosensor current followed venous lactate concentrations and dynamics, with good agreement seen in all participants. There was an estimated lag-time of 5 min (IQR −4 to 11 min) between microneedle and blood lactate measurements.ConclusionThis study provides first-in-human data on use of a minimally invasive microneedle patch for continuous lactate measurement, providing dynamic monitoring. This low-cost platform offers distinct advantages to frequent blood sampling in a wide range of clinical settings, especially where access to laboratory services is limited or blood sampling is infeasible. Implementation of this technology in healthcare settings could support personalised decision-making in a variety of hospital and community settings.Trial registration number NCT04238611.
Journal Article
Academic Language Mastery
by
Soto, Ivannia
,
Freeman, David E
,
Freeman, Yvonne S
in
Academic language
,
Education
,
English language
2016
This accessible book is one volume of a four-book series enabling understanding of Academic Language development among English Language Learners and speakers of non-standard English.
Grammar and syntax in context
by
Freeman, Yvonne S.
,
Soto, Ivannia
,
Freeman, David E.
in
Academic language -- Study and teaching -- United States
,
English language
,
English language -- Study and teaching -- Foreign speakers
2017,2016
This series is designed to equip all teachers with the linguistic knowledge and skills to help students use the language associated with the academic discourse of school subjects and develop an awareness of how language modalities (speaking, listening, reading, and writing) function across different academic contexts.
Keys to Success for Bilingual Students with Limited Formal Schooling
by
Freeman, Yvonne S.
,
Mercuri, Sandra
,
Freeman, David E.
in
American English
,
Bilingual Education
,
Bilingual Students
2001
As the number of immigrant students in U.S. public schools has grown, so has the number of English learners who arrive with little previous schooling. These are often the same students whose limited education has been interrupted. In 1993 an estimated 20% of those identified as limited English proficient (LEP) in high schools and 12% of those in middle school had missed two or more years of schooling. It is critical that teachers have some understanding of effective strategies for working with older English learners with limited and/or interrupted formal schooling.
When they start school, these students are already significantly behind. They have been labeled as overage, preliterate, or low literacy LEP, but whatever labels schools might use, these students have needs that are generally not met by the instructional designs of regular English as a second language (ESL) or bilingual programs in most school districts. This article describes how one bilingual teacher has successfully worked in a multi-age 4th, 5th, and 6th grade classroom to meet the academic needs of newcomer Spanish, Mixteco, and Triqui-speaking students with limited previous schooling. This teacher uses many different research-based strategies in the classroom to provide her students with the keys to succeed academically. By using these strategies, she gives her students a positive start as they move into secondary school taught entirely in English.
Journal Article