Explore the vast range of titles available.

\"Too often monetary economics has been taught as a collection of facts about institutions for students to memorize. By teaching from first principles instead, this advanced undergraduate textbook builds on a simple, clear monetary model and applies this framework consistently to a wide variety of monetary questions. Starting with the case in which trade is mutually beneficial, the book demonstrates that money makes people better off, and that government money competes against other means of payments, including other types of government money. After developing each of these topics, the book tackles the issue of money competing against other stores of value, examining issues associated with trade, finance, and modern banking. The book then moves from simple economies to modern economies, addressing the role banks play in making more trades possible, concluding with the information problems plaguing modern banking, which result in financial crises\"-- Provided by publisher.

Introductory biology for majors is one of the most consequential courses in STEM, with annual enrollments of several hundred thousand students in the United States alone. To support increased student success and meet current and projected needs for qualified STEM professionals, it will be crucial to redesign majors biology by using explicit learning objectives (LOs) that can be aligned with assessments and active learning exercises. When a course is designed in this way, students have opportunities for the practice and support they need to learn, and instructors can collect the evidence they need to evaluate whether students have mastered key concepts and skills. Following an iterative process of review, revision, and evaluation, which included input from over 800 biology instructors around the country, we produced a nationally endorsed set of lesson-level LOs for a year-long introductory biology for major’s course. These LOs are granular enough to support individual class sessions and provide instructors with a framework for course design that is directly connected to the broad themes in Vision and Change and the general statements in the BioCore and BioSkills Guides. Instructors can implement backward course design by aligning these community endorsed LOs with daily and weekly learning activities and with formative and summative assessments.

\"Explore all the shapes at a picnic, from a circle cake to a diamond kite!\"--Page 4 of cover.

To test the hypothesis that lecturing maximizes learning and course performance, we metaanalyzed 225 studies that reported data on examination scores or failure rates when comparing student performance in undergraduate science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) courses under traditional lecturing versus active learning. The effect sizes indicate that on average, student performance on examinations and concept inventories increased by 0.47 SDs under active learning (n = 158 studies), and that the odds ratio for failing was 1.95 under traditional lecturing (n = 67 studies). These results indicate that average examination scores improved by about 6% in active learning sections, and that students in classes with traditional lecturing were 1.5 times more likely to fail than were students in classes with active learning. Heterogeneity analyses indicated that both results hold across the STEM disciplines, that active learning increases scores on concept inventories more than on course examinations, and that active learning appears effective across all class sizes—although the greatest effects are in small (n ≤ 50) classes. Trim and fill analyses and fail-safe n calculations suggest that the results are not due to publication bias. The results also appear robust to variation in the methodological rigor of the included studies, based on the quality of controls over student quality and instructor identity. This is the largest and most comprehensive metaanalysis of undergraduate STEM education published to date. The results raise questions about the continued use of traditional lecturing as a control in research studies, and support active learning as the preferred, empirically validated teaching practice in regular classrooms.

\"The book explores, in interview format, issues raised but not fully explored by Scott's poem Coming to Jakarta on the 1965 Indonesian massacre. In addition, Scott reflects on ways that poetry can serve as a non-violent higher politics, contributing to the evolution of human culture and thus our \"second nature.\" --Provided by publisher.

Magnetic resonance imaging enables the noninvasive mapping of both anatomical white matter connectivity and dynamic patterns of neural activity in the human brain. We examine the relationship between the structural properties of white matter streamlines (structural connectivity) and the functional properties of correlations in neural activity (functional connectivity) within 84 healthy human subjects both at rest and during the performance of attention-and memory-demanding tasks. We show that structural properties, including the length, number, and spatial location of white matter streamlines, are indicative of and can be inferred from the strength of resting-state and task-based functional correlations between brain regions. These results, which are both representative of the entire set of subjects and consistently observed within individual subjects, uncover robust links between structural and functional connectivity in the human brain.

Our first two experiments on adapting a high-structure course model to an essentially open-enrollment university produced negative or null results. Our third experiment, however, proved more successful: performance improved for all students, and a large achievement gap that impacted underrepresented minority students under traditional lecturing closed. Although the successful design included preclass preparation videos, intensive active learning in class, and weekly practice exams, student self-report data indicated that total study time decreased. Faculty who have the grit to experiment and persevere in making evidence-driven changes to their teaching can reduce the inequalities induced by economic and educational disadvantage.

Thermal data loggers have been used to monitor nest activity for a variety of avian species, primarily by identifying a difference in temperature between the relatively cool environment and the nest, which is warmed by nestlings or attendant adults. Many grassland songbirds, however, nest in warm environments where ambient and nest temperatures are frequently similar, which may limit the ability to identify nesting events from temperature data. Here, we evaluate the efficacy and potential impact of monitoring nests of grassland songbirds with thermal data loggers. We focus on a grassland-obligate species, Botteri's Sparrow (Peucaea botterii), that nests in hot, semiarid grasslands. We located and monitored 225 nests in southeastern Arizona, USA, and placed data loggers below the surface of the nest lining at a subset of 28 nests. To contrast nest temperatures with ambient temperatures, we placed a second data logger in similar vegetation within 3 m of the nest. Data loggers did not affect daily survival rates of nests. We were able to identify the date the nesting attempt ended (i.e., failure or fledging) correctly for all nests based on temperature data recorded during the cool period of the daily temperature cycle when data loggers placed below the nest lining averaged 3.9 °C warmer than the environment. During the hot period of the daily cycle, we were able to identify nest cessation correctly for only 46% of nests. Our study demonstrates that thermal data loggers can be used to monitor nest survival of grassland birds successfully provided that ambient temperatures are measurably lower than nest temperatures for at least part of the daily cycle. This provides an alternative to intensive observer-based monitoring that can increase the precision of survival estimates while potentially reducing cost, effort, and risk of disturbance to this group of high conservation concern. Sensores térmicos (“thermal data loggers”) han sido usados para monitorear la actividad de anidación de varias especies de aves, principalmente identificando la diferencia de temperatura entre el ambiente relativamente fresco y el nido, que es calentado por anidamiento o por ocupantes adultos. Muchas aves canoras, sin embargo, anidan en ambientes tibios en donde las temperaturas ambientales y del nido son frecuentemente similares, lo que podría limitar la habilidad de identificar los eventos de anidación a partir de datos de temperatura. Aquí evaluamos la eficacia y el impacto potencial de monitorear nidos de aves canoras con sensores térmicos. Nos enfocamos en una especie de asociación obligatoria a pastizales, el chingolo de Botteri. (“Peucaea botterii”) que anida en pastizales cálidos semiáridos. Localizamos y monitoreamos 225 nidos en el sureste de Arizona, EEUU, y colocamos sensores térmicos bajo el recubrimiento del nido en una submuestra de 28 nidos. Para contrastar la temperatura de los nidos con la temperatura ambiental, colocamos un sensor térmico sobre vegetación similar a una distancia menor de 3 m del nido. Los sensores térmicos no afectaron la tasa de supervivencia diaria de los nidos. Pudimos identificar la fecha en que el intento de anidación terminó (es decir, fallo o emancipación) correctamente para todos los nidos con base en la temperatura registrada durante las horas más frías del ciclo diario cuando los sensores térmicos que estaban bajo la superficie del recubrimiento del nido marcaban una temperatura 3.9 °C mayor a la temperatura ambiental. Durante las horas más cálidas del ciclo diario pudimos identificar el final de la anidación solamente en el 46% de los nidos. Nuestro estudio demuestra que los sensores térmicos pueden ser usados para monitorear la supervivencia del nido de aves de pastizal exitosamente dado que las temperaturas ambientales son considerablemente más bajas que las temperaturas del nido al menos durante parte del ciclo diario. Esto da una alternativa al monitoreo intensivo basado en observadores que puede aumentar la precisión de las estimaciones de sobrevivencia y a la vez podría reducir costos, esfuerzos y riesgos de perturbación a este grupo de alto interés de conservación. Palabras clave: abundancia de nidos, efecto del observador, éxito de nidos, iButton, temperatura de nidos.

Thermal data loggers have been used to monitor nest activity for a variety of avian species, primarily by identifying a difference in temperature between the relatively cool environment and the nest, which is wanned by nestlings or attendant adults. Many grassland songbirds, however, nest in warm environments where ambient and nest temperatures are frequently similar, which may limit the ability to identify nesting events from temperature data. Here, we evaluate the efficacy and potential impact of monitoring nests of grassland songbirds with thermal data loggers. We focus on a grassland-obligate species, Botteri's Sparrow (Peucaea botteiii), that nests in hot, semiarid grasslands. We located and monitored 225 nests in southeastern Arizona, USA, and placed data loggers below the surface of the nest lining at a subset of 28 nests. To contrast nest temperatures with ambient temperatures, we placed a second data logger in similar vegetation within 3 m of the nest. Data loggers did not affect daily survival rates of nests. We were able to identify the date the nesting attempt ended (i.e., failure or fledging) correctly for all nests based on temperature data recorded during the cool period of the daily temperature cycle when data loggers placed below the nest lining averaged 3.9 [degrees]C warmer than the environment. During the hot period of the daily cycle, we were able to identify nest cessation correctly for only 46% of nests. Our study demonstrates that thermal data loggers can be used to monitor nest survival of grassland birds successfully provided that ambient temperatures are measurably lower than nest temperatures for at least part of the daily cycle. This provides an alternative to intensive observerbased monitoring that can increase the precision of survival estimates while potentially reducing cost, effort, and risk of disturbance to this group of high conservation concern. Received 28 December 2020. Accepted 26 May 2022.

The conservation sector increasingly values reflexivity, in which professionals critically reflect on the social, institutional and political aspects of their work. Reflexivity offers diverse benefits, from enhancing individual performance to driving institutional transformation. However, integrating reflexivity into conservation practice remains challenging and is often confined to informal reflections with limited impact. To overcome this challenge, we introduce co-reflexivity, offering an alternative to the binary distinction between social science on or for conservation, which respectively produce critical outsider accounts of conservation or provide social science instruments for achieving conservation objectives. Instead, co-reflexivity is a form of social science with conservation, in which conservation professionals and social scientists jointly develop critical yet constructive perspectives on and approaches to conservation. We demonstrate the value of co-reflexivity by presenting a set of reflections on the project model, the dominant framework for conservation funding, which organizes conservation activity into distinct, target-oriented and temporally bounded units that can be funded, implemented and evaluated separately. Co-reflexivity helps reveal the diverse challenges that the project model creates for conservation practice, including for the adoption of reflexivity itself. Putting insights from social science research in dialogue with reflections from conservation professionals, we co-produce a critique of project-based conservation with both theoretical and practical implications. These cross-disciplinary conversations provide a case study of how co-reflexivity can enhance the conservation–social science relationship.