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Machine intelligence (MI), including machine learning and deep learning, have been regarded as promising methods to reduce the prohibitively high cost of drug development. However, a dilemma within MI has limited its wide application: machine learning models are easier to interpret but yield worse predictive performance than deep learning models. Therefore, we propose a pipeline called Class Imbalance Learning with Bayesian Optimization (CILBO) to improve the performance of machine learning models in drug discovery. To demonstrate the efficacy of the CILBO pipeline, we developed an example model to predict antibacterial candidates. Comparison of the antibacterial prediction performance between our model and a well-known deep learning model published by Stokes et al. suggests that our model can perform as well as the deep learning model in drug activity prediction. The CILBO pipeline we propose provides a simple, alternative approach to accelerate preliminary screenings and decrease the cost of drug discovery.

Asteroseismology of member pulsators provides a robust physical constraint on cluster parameters by linking internal stellar structures to the global properties of the host cluster. However, the parameters of NGC 1647 remain poorly constrained due to limited investigation, a situation that cluster asteroseismology can significantly refine. In this study, we identified 271 high-confidential cluster members in NGC 1647, using Hierarchical Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise clustering with radial-velocity validation. Its initial age is determined in the range of ∼125–280 Myr, derived from isochrone fitting based on multisurvey metallicities (LAMOST, APOGEE, and NOT) and extinction-corrected Gaia photometry. Among the members, we found 96 periodic variables from TESS and K2 photometry, including nine p-mode pulsators (five δ Sct and four hybrid δ Sct–γ Dor stars). Assuming a common cluster age and initial chemical composition, joint asteroseismic modeling is performed based on measured large frequency separations and individual mode frequencies. This yields a metallicity of [Fe/H]=−0.08−0.01+0.04 , consistent with the spectroscopic determinations, and a seismic age of 178−9+11 Myr, more precise than isochrone-based estimates. This work shows the diagnostic potential of δ Sct asteroseismology in young open clusters and establishes a high-precision benchmark for future studies of NGC 1647 and other open clusters.

In response to the growing complexity of e-commerce warehouse management driven by the expansion of live-streaming and cross-border businesses, this study tackles the critical challenge of product demand forecasting. We propose an intelligent forecasting approach based on a multi-model fusion framework, constructing a Stacking ensemble that integrates XGBoost, LightGBM, and CatBoost as base learners. Hyperparameter optimization is systematically conducted using grid search combined with cross-validation. To account for periodic trends, seasonal fluctuations are modeled as explicit temporal features, and a Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) model is incorporated to perform joint forecasting by capturing residual time-dependent patterns. Experimental results show that the proposed fusion model consistently outperforms all individual base learners across multiple metrics, including R2, RMSE, MAE, MAPE, Precision, Recall, and Accuracy. Furthermore, the mean cosine similarity of the forecast sequences reaches 0.986, underscoring both the stability of seasonal representations and the model’s robustness in capturing demand variations. This method effectively improves the accuracy of e-commerce product demand forecasts, offering reliable data support for inventory management and allocation strategies.

The objective of the present meta-analysis was to evaluate the survival, recurrence rate, and complications in patients with stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who received video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) or open lobectomy. A literature search was conducted on June 31, 2012 using combinations of the search terms video-assisted thoracic surgery, open thoracotomy, lobectomy, and non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Inclusion criteria were: 1) Compared video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) lobectomy with open lobectomy. 2) Stage I NSCLC. 2) No previous treatment for lung cancer. 4) Outcome data included 5-year survival rate, complication, and recurrence rate. Tests of heterogeneity, sensitivity, and publication bias were performed. A total of 23 studies (21 retrospective and 2 prospective) met the inclusion criteria. VATS was associated with a longer 5-year survival (odds ratio [OR] = 1.622, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.272 to 2.069; P<0.001), higher local recurrence rate (OR = 2.152, 95% CI 1.349 to 3.434; P = 0.001), similar distant recurrence rate (OR = 0.91, 95% CI 0.33 to 2.48; P = 0.8560), and lower total complication rate (OR = 0.45, 95% CI 0.24 to 0.84; P = 0.013) compared to open lobectomy. VATS was also associated with lower rates arrhythmias, prolonged air leakage, and pneumonia but it did not show any statistical significance. Patients with stage I NSCLC undergoing VATS lobectomy had longer survival and fewer complications than those who received open lobectomy.

Environmental stresses are ubiquitous in agricultural cultivation, and they affect the healthy growth and development of edible tissues in passion fruit. The study of resistance mechanisms is important in understanding the adaptation and resistance of plants to environmental stresses. In this work, two differently resistant passion fruit varieties were selected, using the expression characteristics of the transcription factor MYB, to explore the resistance mechanism of the MYB gene under various environmental stresses. A total of 174 MYB family members were identified using high-quality passion fruit genomes: 98 2R-MYB, 5 3R-MYB, and 71 1R-MYB (MYB-relate). Their family information was systematically analyzed, including subcellular localization, physicochemical properties, phylogeny at the genomic level, promoter function, encoded proteins, and reciprocal regulation. In this study, bioinformatics and transcriptome sequencing were used to identify members of the PeMYB genes in passion fruit whole-genome data, and biological techniques, such as qPCR, gene clone, and transient transformation of yeast, were used to determine the function of the passion fruit MYB genes in abiotic stress tolerance. Transcriptomic data were obtained for differential expression characteristics of two resistant and susceptible varieties, three expression patterns during pulp development, and four induced expression patterns under abiotic stress conditions. We further focused on the resistance mechanism of PeMYB87 in environmental stress, and we selected 10 representative PeMYB genes for quantitative expression verification. Most of the genes were differentially induced by four abiotic stresses, among which PeMYB87 responded significantly to high-temperature-induced expression and overexpression of the PeMYB87 gene in the yeast system. The transgenic PeMYB87 in yeast showed different degrees of stress resistance under exposure to cold, high temperatures, drought, and salt stresses. These findings lay the foundation for further analysis of the biological functions of PeMYB s involved in stress resistance in passion fruit.

Stellar flares are critical phenomena on stellar surfaces, which are closely tied to stellar magnetism. While extensively studied in main-sequence (MS) stars, their occurrence in evolved compact stars, specifically hot subdwarfs and white dwarfs (WDs), remains scarcely explored. Based on Cycles 1–5 of TESS photometry, we conducted a pioneering survey of flare events in ∼12,000 compact stars, corresponding to ∼38,000 light curves with a 2 minute cadence. Through dedicated techniques for detrending light curves, identifying preliminary flare candidates, and validating them via machine learning, we established a catalog of 1016 flares from 193 compact stars, including 182 from 58 sdB/sdO stars and 834 from 135 WDs, respectively. However, all flaring compact stars showed signs of contamination from nearby objects or companion stars, preventing sole attribution of the detected flares. For WDs, it is highly probable that the flares originated from their cool MS companions. In contrast, the higher luminosities of sdB/sdO stars diminish companion contributions, suggesting that detected flares originated from sdB/sdO stars themselves or through close magnetic interactions with companions. Focusing on a refined sample of 23 flares from 13 sdB/sdO stars, we found their flare frequency distributions were slightly divergent from those of cool MS stars; instead, they resemble those of hot B/A-type MS stars having radiative envelopes. This similarity implies that the flares on sdB/sdO stars, if these flares did originate from them, may share underlying mechanisms with hot MS stars, which warrants further investigation.

Utilizing data from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) and LAMOST, we present a photometric and spectroscopic investigation of two new K-type low-mass eclipsing binaries, TIC 56913729 and TIC 97729372. Our analysis yields masses and radii for TIC 56913729, M 1 = 0.7822 ± 0.0054M ⊙, R 1 = 0.7891 ± 0.0021R ⊙, and M 2 = 0.7532 ± 0.0052M ⊙, R 2 = 0.7648 ± 0.0021R ⊙. For TIC 97729372, the results are M 1 = 0.6410 ± 0.0058M ⊙, R 1 = 0.6537 ± 0.0069R ⊙ and M 2 = 0.6480 ± 0.0058M ⊙, R 2 = 0.6418 ± 0.0062R ⊙. In addition, by analyzing the out-of-eclipse starspot light variations, the lower limit of starspot coverage varies in different TESS sectors from 2% to 12%. We observed a clear radius inflation in the mass–radius diagram for both stars, when plotted against PARSEC and SPOT isochrones with 1 Gyr. Yet, this apparent discrepancy disappears when the comparison is made with either an older PARSEC isochrone (12 Gyr) or a SPOT isochrone (250 Myr) with high starspot coverage (F spot ∼ 85%), which is significantly higher than the typical starspot coverage deduced from light curves. Due to the lack of strong age constraints, we cannot firmly exclude that the observed radius inflation may be the result of a post-main-sequence evolutionary effect, although the spectral and kinematic properties of these stars are hardly compatible with 10–12 Myr old (Pop II) stars. It is more likely that the radius inflation is produced by the strong magnetic activity in these rapidly rotating stars, even if it is impossible to infer the actual total spot coverage, due to the age uncertainties.

To investigate the presence of metal elements and assess their health risk for the populace in the Nandong Underground River Basin (NURB), we conducted an analysis of eleven common heavy metals in the water body. A Health risk assessment (HRA) model was employed to analyze 84 water samples from the NURB. The detection results revealed the following order of heavy metals concentrations: Fe > Al > Mn > Zn > As > Cd > Pb > Cr > Ni > Cu > Hg. Correlation analysis indicated a certain similarity in material source and migration transformation among these eleven metal elements. Our study identified that the health risks for local residents exposed to metal elements in the water of NURB primarily stem from carcinogenic risk (10−6–10−4 a−1) through the drinking water pathway. Moreover, the health risk of heavy metal exposure for children through drinking water was notably higher than for adults. The maximum health risks of Cr in both underground and surface water exceeded the recommendation standard (5.0×10−5 a−1) from ICRP, surpassing the values recommended by the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, the Dutch Ministry of Construction and Environment and the British Royal Society (5.0×10−6 a−1). The results of the health risk assessment indicate that Cr in the water of NURB is the primary source of carcinogenic risk for local residents, followed by Cd and As. Consequently, it is imperative to control these three carcinogenic metals when the water was used as drinking water resource.

The circadian clock orchestrates a wide variety of physiological and behavioral processes, enabling animals to adapt to daily environmental changes, particularly the day-night cycle. However, the circadian clock’s role in the developmental processes remains unclear. Here, we employ the in vivo long-term time-lapse imaging of retinotectal synapses in the optic tectum of larval zebrafish and reveal that synaptogenesis, a fundamental developmental process for neural circuit formation, exhibits circadian rhythm. This rhythmicity arises primarily from the synapse formation rather than elimination and requires the hypocretinergic neural system. Disruption of this synaptogenic rhythm, by impairing either the circadian clock or the hypocretinergic system, affects the arrangement of the retinotectal synapses on axon arbors and the refinement of the postsynaptic tectal neuron’s receptive field. Thus, our findings demonstrate that the developmental synaptogenesis is under hypocretin-dependent circadian regulation, suggesting an important role of the circadian clock in neural development. Whether the circadian clock regulates early developmental processes is poorly understood. Here, the authors report the circadian rhythm of synapse formation during early brain development by using the retinotectal system of larval zebrafish as an in vivo model.

Regional transportation integration is a key aspect in promoting regional integration and high-quality economic development, as it can improve inter-regional connectivity, decrease transportation costs, and facilitate the flow of labor, capital, technology, and data. However, regional transportation integration is also difficult to quantitatively evaluate, causing difficulties in comprehensively understanding the specific transportation–economic relationships for different regions that are planned for integration. This article studied 41 cities in the Yangtze River Delta, which is known as the largest regional integration project in China. Two sets of index systems were created to quantitatively evaluate regional transportation integration and high-quality economic development. Coupling coordination degree analysis was then performed to investigate the relationship between the two systems. It was found that areas with a high degree of coupling coordination are located in the Z-shaped belt with the Shanghai–Nanjing–Hefei and Shanghai–Hangzhou–Ningbo urban agglomerations. Furthermore, specific developmental gaps between regional transportation integration and high-quality economic development were identified and mapped, showing areas with transportation development falling behind economic development and vice versa. Based on these findings, a number of policy suggestions are provided from the perspective of province and regional development. It is recommended to continue to invest in transportation development and integration in the well-coordinated Z-shaped region and areas with transportation development falling behind economic development, while it is not recommended to use transportation investment to solve economic problems for those under-developed regions that already have relatively advanced transportation than economic development.