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Cassius Dio: The Impact of Violence, War, and Civil War
Cassius Dio: The Impact of Violence, War, and Civil War is part of a renewed interest in the Roman historian Cassius Dio. This volume focuses on Dio's approaches to foreign war and stasis as well as civil war. The impact of war on Rome as well as on the history of Rome has long be recognised by scholars, and adding to that, recent years have seen an increasing interest in the impact of civil war on Roman society. Dio's views on violence, war, and civil war are an inter-related part of his overall project, which sought to understand Roman history on its own historical and historiographical terms and within a long-range view of the Roman past that investigated the realities of power.
eBook
Herodian and Severan Historiography
This paper examines the historiographic controversies and disagreements surrounding the figure of Septimius Severus and highlighted by Herodian in his Roman History as a means of investigating the development of history writing during and in the aftermath of that emperor's reign. Herodian cites Severus' transition to power and reign as a locus for historical and historiographical controversy and debate, and a comparison of Herodian with other Severan writers allows for an examination of Herodian's competitive relationship with his older historiographic peers and of the innovative aspects of his work that set it apart from others.
Journal Article
Cassius Dio's Julia Domna
This paper examines how and why Cassius Dio portrayed Julia Domna in the manner that he did. Dio consistently depicts Julia as foreign and power-hungry, a portrait that appears to be driven by his analysis of the later Severan regime. Julia serves as a link between the two halves of the dynasty, a claim that runs counter to the official line of Elagabalus and Severus Alexander. The later Severan house, seen by Dio as foreign and dominated by powerful female figures, informs his portrayal of Julia Domna and shows a continuity of analysis throughout the final books of his history.
Journal Article
Conspiracy as Plot Type in Herodian's Roman History
Despite positioning himself as a contemporary eyewitness and heir to Thucydides, Herodian has generally been judged to be a poor historian prone to the use of compression, formulaic scenes, and even free invention. This paper examines Herodian's application of a specific plot type to conspiracies against the emperor by praetorian prefects. The use of this plot type reveals something of Herodian's understanding of history and historical methodology, while also serving an important narrative function in his text.
Journal Article
The Spartan Heroic Death in Plutarch’s Laconian Apophthegms
A number of aphorisms in Plutarch’s Laconian Apophthegms contain a similar verbal formulation indicating death in battle. This formulation can be traced back to Thucydides, and was likely descriptive of expected Spartan behavior from the time of Thermopylae. Its employment in the Apophthegms, masking personal and civic shortcomings, reveals both an insistence on maintaining this behavioral directive and the social anxiety surrounding its maintenance.
Journal Article
Dio and Herodian on the Assassination of Caracalla
In their descriptions of the assassination of Caracalla, Cassius Dio and Herodian employed a similar narrative that was hostile to Macrinus and likely developed by his successor, Elagabalus. The differences in their accounts can be traced to each author's historical views and attitude toward the individuals involved. Dio's account is affected for the most part by his view that Macrinus overstepped the bounds of his social status. Herodian, on the other hand, has molded his version of the events to conform to a narrative of tyrant-slaying, as in the stories of Harmodius and Aristogeiton and the assassination of Caligula.
Journal Article
Spartan courage and the social function of Plutarch's Laconian apophthegms
Plutarch's Laconian apophthegms present an image of Spartan courage that can be traced to fifth century Sparta. This ideology of courage has four main aspects: willingness to die in battle; the interchangeability of Spartan citizens; the role of Spartan women as the arbiters of masculine behavior; and the role of Spartan education in developing courage. Contrary to the general view of Plutarch's Laconian apophthegms, this theme has not been heavily distorted by fourth and third century philosophy. It is likely that the Spartans were the developers of these aphorisms and that the syssition provided a venue for their development.
Journal Article