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This paper discusses the frequency distribution of the types of if-conditionals recognised in the corpus-based classification developed in Gabrielatos (2010: 230–265). This quantitative analysis provides insights into the nature of each type, and the ways that the interaction of the type of link between protasis and apodosis, and the type of modality expressed by the apodosis, gives rise to their potential for use in communication.

This article discusses the extent to which methods normally associated with corpus linguistics can be effectively used by critical discourse analysts. Our research is based on the analysis of a 140-million-word corpus of British news articles about refugees, asylum seekers, immigrants and migrants (collectively RASIM). We discuss how processes such as collocation and concordance analysis were able to identify common categories of representation of RASIM as well as directing analysts to representative texts in order to carry out qualitative analysis. The article suggests a framework for adopting corpus approaches in critical discourse analysis.

Is the British press prejudiced against Muslims? In what ways can prejudice be explicit or subtle? This book uses a detailed analysis of over 140 million words of newspaper articles on Muslims and Islam, combining corpus linguistics and discourse analysis methods to produce an objective picture of media attitudes. The authors analyse representations around frequently cited topics such as Muslim women who wear the veil and 'hate preachers'. The analysis is self-reflexive and multidisciplinary, incorporating research on journalistic practices, readership patterns and attitude surveys to answer questions which include: what do journalists mean when they use phrases like 'devout Muslim' and how did the 9/11 and 7/7 attacks affect press reporting? This is a stimulating and unique book for those working in fields of discourse analysis and corpus linguistics, while clear explanations of linguistic terminology make it valuable to those in the fields of politics, media studies, journalism and Islamic studies.

This chapter contains section titled: Introduction The Nature of Corpus Linguistics Debates in Corpus Linguistics Lexicogrammar and Lexical Grammar Corpus Studies Reference Works Language Teaching Language Change Conclusion

The motivation for this study is two-pronged. A number of studies on modality or conditionals have put forward the claim that conditionality, and conditionals, have a special relationship with modality. However, this claim has not been empirically investigated, or established quantitatively, nor has the nature of this relationship been examined. Furthermore, although existing classifications of conditionals take account of modal marking, they do not do so consistently, nor do they take account of all modality types. This study, therefore, examines the relation of conditionals to modality using the written BNC, and develops two complementary metrics for the extent of modal marking (modal load): modal density and modalisation spread. It establishes the modal load in a random sample of if-conditionals, and compares it to that of written English, as well as other conditionals, and a number of non-conditional bi-partite constructions. The examination also compares the modal load in different types of if-conditionals, and their two parts (protasis and apodosis), and motivates the development of a typology of if- conditionals. Finally, the study examines the modal nature of if-conditionals in light of two current theories, Lexical Grammar and Construction Grammar. The analysis confirms, and provides a quantitative measure of, the connection between conditionals and modality. It also supports a two-dimensional classification of if-conditionals which takes into account the interaction of the modal function of the conditional and the nature of link holding between its two parts, while providing frequency information on the types established. The analysis also indicates that there is a correlation between types of conditionals and modal load patterns in their respective protases and apodoses. In light of the above, the study proposes a conception of conditional constructions as environments of indeterminacy, drawing on mental space theory and quantum mechanics, and proposes an expansion of the notion of construction family.

\"Bas Aarts and April McMahon have assembled a star-studded cast of linguistic experts who have produced a state-of-the art compendium on all the major aspects of the modern English Language.\" -Peter Trudgill, University of Fribourg \"Both as editors and as authors, Professor Aarts and Professor McMahon have achieved something quite remarkable with this splendid Handbook. They have divided the complex field of English linguistics into the thirty or so areas of greatest present interest, and from a truly international cast have selected the most expert scholars in the world to tackle them.\" -Randolph Quirk, Professor The Lord Quirk of Bloomsbury, FBA \"A very good resource on major areas of English linguistics, among them phonetics and phonology, syntax, corpus linguistics and data collection, morphology, variation, and discourse.\" -Elly Van Gelderen, Arizona State University.