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Objective: Ankyloglossia is a benign anomaly of the tongue which may cause functional limitation. Evidence regarding the impact of ankyloglossia on children’s language development is limited. We aimed to evaluate the language development of children born with ankyloglossia. Patients and Methods: Children diagnosed with ankyloglossia were followed up prospectively. Demographic characteristics, degree of ankyloglossia assessed by Hazelbaker score in infancy and its effects on breastfeeding were evaluated. Language development was tested by the Turkish version of the Test of Early Language Development-Third Edition and the Denver II Test at 3-5 years of age. Results: Out of 53 children diagnosed with ankyloglossia, 38 (71.7%) children had language development testing and were included into the study. Significant ankyloglossia was detected in infancy in 10 of these children (26.3%). Median time of exclusively breastfeeding was not different according to the severity of ankyloglossia. All children evaluated with Denver II Test were developmentally normal in all domains. Scores of Test of Early Language Development-Third Edition were not different between children with and without significant ankyloglossia. Conclusion: Long term language development of children with ankyloglossia was not adversely affected. Parents should be appropriately informed and efforts must be paid to prevent unnecessary surgical interventions concerning language delay.

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, çocuk sağlığı ve hastalıkları servisinde yatarak tedavi gören ve eritrosit sedimentasyon hızı (ESH) 100 mm/saat ve üstünde olan pediatrik hastaların klinik verilerinin ve pandemi döneminin bu verilere olan etkisinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlandı.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Koronavirüs Hastalığı 2019 (COVID-19) pandemik salgınının ilanından önce ve sonra ESH değerleri 100 mm/saat ve üstünde olan hastalar iki gruba ayrıldı ve karşılaştırıldı.Bulgular: Çalışmaya pandemi salgını öncesinden 67, pandemi sırasında ise 59 hasta dahil edildi. Pandemi öncesi en sık görülen hastalık grubu enfeksiyöz hastalıklar iken, pandemi sırasında en sık görülen hastalık grubu inflamatuvar hastalıklardı. COVID-19 ilişkili multisistem inflamatuvar sendromu (MIS-C) olan hastaların sayısı inflamatuvar hastalıklar arasında öne çıkmaktaydı. Ayrıca pandemi sırasında aşırı ESH yükselmiş hastaların ortalama trombosit hacmi (MPV) değerleri istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede yüksekti (<0,001) ve hastaların lenfosit değerleri pandemi salgını öncesine göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede düşüktü (p=0,046).Tartışma: Pandemi döneminde ESH değeri 100 mm/saat ve üstü olan hastalıkların dağılımında inflamatuvar hastalıklar enfeksiyöz hastalıklara göre daha sık görüldü ve inflamatuvar hastalıklar arasında COVID-19 enfeksiyonu sonrası görülen MIS-C olan hastaların sayısı ön plana çıktı. Ayrıca pandemi döneminde, pandemi öncesi döneme göre tam kan sayımında yüksek MPV değerleri ve düşük lenfosit sayısı görüldü.

Introduction Primary central nervous system lymphomas account for 2% of all malignant lymphomas. Although the involvement of peripheral nerves has been previously described as a dissemination of systemic lymphomas or a direct extension to the nerve trunk from contiguous lymphomas, primary involvement of the sciatic nerve is extremely rare. Case To the best of our knowledge, the primary localization of lymphoma within sciatic nerve has been reported only nine times. We report, a very rare example of a primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the sciatic nerve. Discussion The patient presented with atypical sciatica. Such symptoms can be misdiagnosed as lumbar disc pathology and magnetic resonance imaging and electrophysiological studies avoid this misinterpretation.

Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD), or sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy, is a rare and benign, frequently self-limited histiocytic disorder of unknown etiology. The most common clinical findings are broad painless lymphadenopathy accompanied by fever, weight loss, tonsillitis, rhinorrhea, nasal obstruction, and sometimes hepatosplenomegaly. Laboratory findings in patients with RDD include an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, anemia, leukocytosis and polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia. However, the disease may occur at extranodal sites. In most instances, the extranodal sites include the eyes, head and neck, skin, or bone. Mandibular cortical grafts are the gold standard in the restoration of intraoral osseous defects. These grafts do not produce immune reactions and are incorporated by osteoclastic resorption with a short healing period when compared with other methods of osseous repair. Intraoral donor sites include the mandibular ramus, angle of the mandible, mandibular symphysis, and mandibular exostoses. This report presents a case of an isolated RDD involving the mandible as well as its surgical management, preprosthetic reconstruction, and restoration with dental implants.

Osteochondromas rarely affect the mandibular condyle. An unusual case of an osteochondroma occurring in the left mandibular condyle in a 40-year-old man who presented with mandibular deviation and malocclusion is reported; this represents the 37th documented case in the English-language literature. The tumor was resected through condylectomy. Four-year follow-up assessments revealed satisfactory function and occlusion, without evidence of recurrence of the tumor.

In this paper new voltage-mode and current-mode multifunction filters using internally compensated operational amplifiers (OP-AMPs) and single output operational transconductance amplifiers (OTAs) are presented. The proposed voltage mode multifunction filter can realize lowpass, bandpass, highpass responses simultaneously and the current-mode multifunction filter can realize lowpass, bandpass, highpass and bandstop responses simultaneously all at high output impedances. No external passive elements are required thus the circuit is suitable for monolithic implementation either with CMOS or bipolar technologies. All of active sensitivities are low. The performances of the circuits are tested using SPICE simulation program.

Splenic hamartoma is an uncommon benign lesion and usually determined incidentally. A 44-year-old female patient admitted with abdominal pain. There was not any history of trauma. During the ultrasonographic examination a cystic mass was seen in the upper pole of the spleen. Only anemia was detected biochemically, and all other laboratory findings were normal. The patient underent splenectomy. Grossly, a cystic mass including solid component was seen in the upper pole of the spleen. Histopathologically, cystic component did not have lining epithelium. Solid component included sinus like clefts, broad cordons and areas of prominent endothelial proliferation. The lesion was diagnosed as hamartoma. In this report, the clinical and histopathological features of a case of splenic hamartoma with prominent endothelial proliferation that may be easily confused with malignancy is presented.

Through a detailed reading of selected early modern political, ethical, and legal texts, Hagen concludes that this notion both \"helped to justify political rule in general against all those who found worldly power detrimental to individual and collective salvation,\" and as it \"endorsed justice and reined in the injustice inherent in human nature, it co-opted the moral standards of the critics\" (p. 81). By using the records concerning the guilds in Istanbul as a case study, Faroqhi speculates about the central administration's attempt for \"legitimation through increased interference\" as part of the exigencies of premodern Ottoman state centralization. [...]the edition is closed by Teyfur Erdogdu's informative article on how civil officials reacted to the \"legitimacy deficits\" vis-à-vis the financial, administrative, and legal problems during the reign of Abdülhamit II (1876-1909) and his successors.