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Although the advantages of Information Communication Technology (ICT), there is a dark side to its overuse, addiction to technology causes physical and psychological human risks. This research aims to understand the phenomena of Digital Detox Tourism (DDT); explore technology usage amongst the digital natives and digital immigrants; delve into tourists' awareness of the impacts of ICT's excessive usage; investigate tourists' attitudes towards DDT, and identify motivators to be disconnected during their trips. An online structured questionnaire was applied, a total of valid 348 responses are analyzed. The results show the digital natives' addiction to technology, almost all of them spent more than four hours daily. The findings indicate that respondents have a good awareness of the impacts of technology overuse. Further, the study points to the advantages of being disconnected at the tourism destination. The findings identify four motivators that encourage tourists to participate in DDT; escapism, relaxation, health and wellbeing, and relationship. The study can help destination policy-makers to better provide the supply and activities that refresh tourists' minds and achieve well-being; promote DDT as a travel choice to improve tourists' mindful experience and enhance their engagement with the surrounding environment.

The main objectives of this research are to identify the neuromarketing concept, to address the importance and advantages of using the neuromarketing approach over conventional marketing methods, to demonstrate the factors that affect tourists' purchase-decision behavior, to recognize the awareness and knowledge levels of neuromarketing in Egypt, and to investigate factors that can be influenced by applying neuromarketing techniques. Quantitative analysis was carried out on data from 472 tourists, and 82 destination marketing designers. Results revealed that neuromarketing is positively affected tourist behavior, decision-making, tourist preferences, tourist loyalty, product improvement, marketing effectiveness, marketing strategies, and sustainable product marketing. It was concluded that the usage of neuromarketing in the Egyptian destination is in its infancy, despite the level of awareness about neuromarketing being relatively high. The study contributes to providing destination policymakers full insights about neuromarketing, which provides a full picture for tourists, shows the path of tourism products development, and the need of producing new tourists' products. Destination marketing designers need to integrate neuromarketing in their marketing method, and to create smarter marketing that will increase the effectiveness of their marketing efforts.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is considered one of the most important innovative technology. AI has been used in several industries and has already accomplished notable impacts. The tourism industry is one of several sectors that is affected by AI tools; chatbots, personalized service recommendations, smart solutions are used in travel agencies. This paper aims to explore the implementation of AI techniques in the Egyptian tourism companies and investigate the employees' perceptions towards using AI tools in tourism operations. This paper applies the quantitative approach; an online questionnaire was distributed to tourism companies, only 320 responses were valid for statistical analysis. Concerning applying AI tools in tourism operations, the results revealed significant differences among tourism companies which provide full tourism services. Regarding the size of tourism companies, large and medium-scale tourism companies apply AI techniques more than small and micro-scale ones. This research found two fundamental employees' views of applying AI: advantages of AI (enthusiastic) and disadvantages of AI (suspicious). From a managerial standpoint, this research shows the AI techniques that are applied in tourism as well as identifies the importance of their implementation, which may help managers to draw policies and strategies to improve their technological infrastructure and skills, as well as apply the most beneficial AI tools. This, in turn, enhances their performance and saves time and money.

This study was carried out to investigate to what extent travel agents in Egypt implement green management practices, study their perception on the outcomes of going green, and explore their opinions on the obstacles which may affect the adoption of green management in the tourism business. A total of valid 402 questionnaires from travel agents in Egypt are analyzed. The results revealed that travel agents have a positive perception concerning the outcomes of adopting green practices, as well as the obstacles to its implementation in the tourism business. Findings showed that there is a huge gap between their perception and practices. Almost all travel agents do not have a membership at any environmental organization/ association, visions that respect the environment, budget designated for supporting green practices, and organized low-carbon tour packages. Also, travel agents in Egypt implement several green practices in internal management, but they rarely adopt green practices in their tour packages. It was concluded that the green indicator's performance of the travel agents in Egypt is very bad, so managers need to interpret their positive perception of green management practices to their policies, strategies, action plans, tour packages, and everyday business practices.

Smart techniques play a significant role in the tourism experience because of its ability to assist tourists at different stages of the tourism experience, including pre-trip (anticipatory) during trip (experiential), and after-trip (reflection) experiences. One example of smart techniques is iBeacons technique. iBeacons is small wireless transmitter that use low-energy Bluetooth technology to send signals to other smart devices nearby such as smartphones. It is one of the latest developments in location technology and proximity marketing. Simply, it connects and transmits information to smart devices making location-based searching and interaction easier and more accurate. It involves sending a relevant message at the correct time to convince a tourist to visit a certain destination and take a vacation, rather than use fliers and other paper-based ads. Customers benefit from simpler and more targeted ads as a result of this system. iBeacons technique has been recommended to adopt in tourism organizations due to its impact on visitors' satisfaction and providing them with accurate information. The main aim of this study is to explore the impact of iBeacon's technique on the tourist experience. The research applied the quantitative method represented in a questionnaire. The questionnaire was distributed to 500 domestic and international tourists. The research findings revealed that the iBeacons technique has a positive impact on the tourist experience. The study ended with presenting a set of recommendations for tourism organizations and tourism decision-makers. The study contributes to helping the destination policymakers by providing a set of suggestions were to support the application of the iBeacons technique in the Egyptian Destination.

Airlines are operating in a rapidly changing and highly competitive business environment in which they must maintain their presence, success, resources, and ability to contribute to sustainable development by making employees more committed to work and their airlines. This study aims to show the impact of social organizational sustainability on employees' commitment to airlines. This study relied on the analysis of 400 survey forms out of 450 that were distributed to a random sample of airline employees. The study assumes that there is a statistically significant relationship between social organizational sustainability and employees' commitment to airlines, which is the main hypothesis from which three sub-hypotheses are derived. The mean, standard deviation, correlation coefficients by Spearman's method, and simple linear regression were used to test the hypotheses. The results indicated a statistically significant relationship between social organizational sustainability and employee commitment in airlines. The study recommends providing good training programs for the training and development of airline employees in a way that benefits both the airline and the employees in a good and appropriate manner.

Airlines are working hard to maintain their success, continuity, and profitability, as well as preserve the rights of future generations, and this is done through their employees. This study aims to demonstrate the impact of economic organizational sustainability on employee satisfaction in airlines. This study relied on the analysis of 400 survey forms out of 450 that were distributed to a random sample of airline employees. The study assumes that there is a statistically significant relationship between economic organizational sustainability and employee satisfaction in airlines, which is the main hypothesis from which three sub-hypotheses are derived. The mean, standard deviation, correlation coefficients by Spearman's method, and simple linear regression were used to test the hypotheses. The results indicated that there is a statistically significant relationship between economic organizational sustainability and employee satisfaction in airlines. As it clarified that economic organizational sustainability is applied in a medium and not high way, and also that there is employee satisfaction but in an average way. The study recommends that the airline should strengthen the relationships between employees and each other and with their managers and their sense of being one family to improve their satisfaction, trust, and loyalty to the company.

Conflict is impossible to be avoided but possible to be managed. So, conflict can be healthy if it is managed effectively. This paper aims to explore the role of conflict management in improving the creative behavior of employees who work in the airlines. A mixed-method was applied to collect data; a questionnaire and in-depth interview. A simple random method was used. 486 questionnaires were valid for statistical analysis. Single and multiple regression analyses were utilized to investigate the role of conflict management in enhancing the creative behavior of employees. The results show that three styles of conflict management, namely integrating, obliging, and compromising have a positive effect on creative behavior while dominating and avoiding styles have a negative effect. The study recommends that the managers of airlines in Egypt should pay more attention to the most effective method while dealing with conflict. The managers can use integrating, obliging, and compromising conflict management styles, which play a vital role in improving the creative behavior of employees.

Many tourism destinations have to use i- Beacons technique to remain competitive and attractive. This technique is a smart marketing tool that facilitates all aspects of tourism, travel and transportation. It can achieve many advantages for tourism organizations, make a direct communication with customers and provide a distinctive customers experience through providing accurate proximity information and personalized offers and suggestions to loyal customers to improve their experience and increase loyalty. The aims of this research are to explore the requirements of applying i-Beacons technique in the Egyptian destination, identify the positive aspect of applying i-Beacons technology, and explore the obstacles to applying such technique. Based on convenience sample, the primary data has been collected using qualitative in-depth interviews with information technology specialists in tourism organizations. The study figured out that the available network at the Egyptian destination is efficient to provide multiple technological services to tourists, and able to accommodate the introduction of new smart techniques such i-Beacons. But, there is a lack of awareness of this technology due to the novelty of its use in Egypt. So, the awareness should be raised through promotion influencing users, whether visual, audio, and print. As well as, conferences, workshops and training for Egyptian employees in information technology and tourism field. These findings have important insights for tourism policymakers as it can enable them to identify the current situation of technological facilities and assist them to emerge i-Beacons technique in the marketing strategies, in order to enhance the customers' satisfaction. The study suggests the improvement of employees' awareness on the importance of using new technologies in their tourism business.

Due to the natural degradation as well as the overcrowding effect, heritage preservation efforts are becoming very crucial to support the sustainability of heritage sites. In response to the problems, Virtual Reality (VR) can offer useful applications for heritage preservation. However, VR may provide an alternative form of accessing heritage sites that lessen the impacts of visitors\" overcrowding effect, while heightening the overall experience. The research was applied five point Likert scale to explore the tourists\" acceptance of the usage of VR technology. The study aims to investigate the perception of heritage conservation as well as the acceptance of virtualizing heritage sites for both domestic and international tourists, as heritage attractions need to be sustainable because they have significance value and lack duplication. The study explored the factors that may affect the tourists\" acceptance of using VR technology. The sample consisted of two hundred and fifty tourists (domestic tourists = 107; international tourists = 143), questionnaires were distributed in four tourism destinations in Egypt; these destinations contain heritage sites that were designated at the World Heritage list by UNESCO. The results showed a significant difference by demographic characteristics concerning their overall acceptance of virtualizing heritage sites. Frequencies of visitation, VR experience and tourist perception of heritage conservation were influencing the degree of their acceptance.