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"Garcia, C."
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Photography as fiction
From as early as 1839, artists began exploring photography's enormous potential for storytelling and often went to great lengths to create pictures for the camera. Here, a short introductory essay summarizes the history of staged photography, highlighting key debates on the medium's blunt factuality and its capacity for deception.
Book
Global analysis of three-flavour neutrino oscillations: synergies and tensions in the determination of θ 23, δ CP, and the mass ordering
We present the results of a global analysis of the neutrino oscillation data available as of fall 2018 in the framework of three massive mixed neutrinos with the goal at determining the ranges of allowed values for the six relevant parameters. We describe the complementarity and quantify the tensions among the results of the different data samples contributing to the determination of each parameter. We also show how those vary when combining our global likelihood with the χ2 map provided by Super-Kamiokande for their atmospheric neutrino data analysis in the same framework. The best fit of the analysis is for the normal mass ordering with inverted ordering being disfavoured with a Δχ2 = 4.7 (9.3) without (with) SK-atm. We find a preference for the second octant of θ23, disfavouring the first octant with Δχ2 = 4.4 (6.0) without (with) SK-atm. The best fit for the complex phase is δCP = 215° with CP conservation being allowed at Δχ2 = 1.5 (1.8). As a byproduct we quantify the correlated ranges for the laboratory observables sensitive to the absolute neutrino mass scale in beta decay, mνe\\[ {m}_{\\nu_e} \\] , and neutrino-less double beta decay, mee, and the total mass of the neutrinos, Σ, which is most relevant in Cosmology.
Journal Article
NuFit-6.0: updated global analysis of three-flavor neutrino oscillations
A
bstract
We present an updated global analysis of neutrino oscillation data as of September 2024. The parameters
θ
12
,
θ
13
,
∆
m
21
2
, and
∣
∆
m
3
ℓ
2
∣
(
ℓ
= 1
,
2) are well-determined with relative precision at 3
σ
of about 13%, 8%, 15%, and 6%, respectively. The third mixing angle
θ
23
still suffers from the octant ambiguity, with no clear indication of whether it is larger or smaller than 45
°
. The determination of the leptonic CP phase
δ
CP
depends on the neutrino mass ordering: for normal ordering the global fit is consistent with CP conservation within 1
σ
, whereas for inverted ordering CP-violating values of
δ
CP
around 270
°
are favored against CP conservation at more than 3
.
6
σ
. While the present data has in principle 2
.
5–3
σ
sensitivity to the neutrino mass ordering, there are different tendencies in the global data that reduce the discrimination power: T2K and NOvA appearance data individually favor normal ordering, but they are more consistent with each other for inverted ordering. Conversely, the joint determination of
∣
∆
m
3
ℓ
2
∣
from global disappearance data prefers normal ordering. Altogether, the global fit including long-baseline, reactor and IceCube atmospheric data results into an almost equally good fit for both orderings. Only when the
χ
2
table for atmospheric neutrino data from Super-Kamiokande is added to our
χ
2
, the global fit prefers normal ordering with ∆
χ
2
= 6
.
1. We provide also updated ranges and correlations for the effective parameters sensitive to the absolute neutrino mass from
β
-decay, neutrinoless double-beta decay, and cosmology.
Journal Article
Investigating proton shuttling and electrochemical mechanisms of amines in integrated CO2 capture and utilization
Carbon capture and utilization (CCU) technologies present a promising solution for converting CO
2
emissions into valuable products. Here we show how amines, such as monoethanolamine (MEA) and 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP), influence the electrochemical CO
2
reduction process in an integrated CCU system. Using in situ spectroscopic techniques, we identify the key roles of carbamate bond strength, proton shuttling, and amine structure in dictating reaction pathways on copper (Cu) and lead (Pb) electrodes. Our findings demonstrate that on Cu electrodes, surface blockage by ammonium species impedes CO₂ reduction, whereas on Pb electrodes, proton shuttling enhances the production of hydrocarbon products. This study provides additional insights into optimizing CCU systems by tailoring the choice of amines and electrode materials, advancing the selective conversion of CO₂ into valuable chemicals.
Integrated carbon capture and utilization (CCU) systems offer a sustainable approach to converting CO₂ emissions into valuable chemicals. Here, the authors report the choice of amine and electrode materials significantly impact the efficiency and selectivity of CO
2
reduction in CCU processes.
Journal Article
Neutrino oscillation constraints on U(1)′ models: from non-standard interactions to long-range forces
A
bstract
We quantify the effect of gauge bosons from a weakly coupled lepton flavor dependent U(1)
′
interaction on the matter background in the evolution of solar, atmospheric, reactor and long-baseline accelerator neutrinos in the global analysis of oscillation data. The analysis is performed for interaction lengths ranging from the Sun-Earth distance to effective contact neutrino interactions. We survey ∼ 10000 set of models characterized by the six relevant fermion U(1)
′
charges and find that in all cases, constraints on the coupling and mass of the
Z′
can be derived. We also find that about 5% of the U(1)
′
model charges lead to a viable LMA-D solution but this is only possible in the contact interaction limit. We explicitly quantify the constraints for a variety of models including
U
1
B
−
3
L
e
,
U
1
B
−
3
L
μ
,
U
1
B
−
3
L
τ
,
U
1
B
−
3
2
L
μ
+
L
τ
,
U
1
L
e
−
L
μ
,
U
1
L
e
−
L
τ
,
U
1
L
e
−
1
2
L
μ
+
L
τ
. We compare the constraints imposed by our oscillation analysis with the strongest bounds from fifth force searches, violation of equivalence principle as well as bounds from scattering experiments and white dwarf cooling. Our results show that generically, the oscillation analysis improves over the existing bounds from gravity tests for
Z′
lighter than ∼ 10
−
8
→
10
−
11
eV depending on the specific couplings. In the contact interaction limit, we find that for most models listed above there are values of
g′
and
M
Z′
for which the oscillation analysis provides constraints beyond those imposed by laboratory experiments. Finally we illustrate the range of
Z′
and couplings leading to a viable LMA-D solution for two sets of models.
Journal Article
Updated fit to three neutrino mixing: exploring the accelerator-reactor complementarity
A
bstract
We perform a combined fit to global neutrino oscillation data available as of fall 2016 in the scenario of three-neutrino oscillations and present updated allowed ranges of the six oscillation parameters. We discuss the differences arising between the consistent combination of the data samples from accelerator and reactor experiments compared to partial combinations. We quantify the confidence in the determination of the less precisely known parameters
θ
23
,
δ
CP
, and the neutrino mass ordering by performing a Monte Carlo study of the long baseline accelerator and reactor data. We find that the sensitivity to the mass ordering and the
θ
23
octant is below 1
σ
. Maximal
θ
23
mixing is allowed at slightly more than 90% CL. The best fit for the CP violating phase is around 270°, CP conservation is allowed at slightly above 1
σ
, and values of
δ
CP
≃ 90° are disfavored at around 99% CL for normal ordering and higher CL for inverted ordering.
Journal Article
Updated fit to three neutrino mixing: status of leptonic CP violation
A
bstract
We present a global analysis of solar, atmospheric, reactor and accelerator neutrino data in the framework of three-neutrino oscillations based on data available in summer 2014. We provide the allowed ranges of the six oscillation parameters and show that their determination is stable with respect to uncertainties related to reactor neutrino and solar neutrino flux predictions. We find that the maximal possible value of the Jarlskog invariant in the lepton sector is 0.033 ±0.010 (±0.027) at the 1
σ
(3
σ
) level and we use leptonic unitarity triangles to illustrate the ability of global oscillation data to obtain information on CP violation. We discuss “tendencies and tensions” of the global fit related to the octant of
θ
23
as well as the CP violating phase
δ
CP
. The favored values of
δ
CP
are around 3π/2 while values around
π
/2 are disfavored at about Δχ
2
≃6. We comment on the non-trivial task to assign a confidence level to this Δ
χ
2
value by performing a Monte Carlo study of T2K data.
Journal Article
SMPDL3b modulates insulin receptor signaling in diabetic kidney disease
Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase acid-like 3b (SMPDL3b) is a lipid raft enzyme that regulates plasma membrane (PM) fluidity. Here we report that SMPDL3b excess, as observed in podocytes in diabetic kidney disease (DKD), impairs insulin receptor isoform B-dependent pro-survival insulin signaling by interfering with insulin receptor isoforms binding to caveolin-1 in the PM. SMPDL3b excess affects the production of active sphingolipids resulting in decreased ceramide-1-phosphate (C1P) content as observed in human podocytes in vitro and in kidney cortexes of diabetic db/db mice in vivo. Podocyte-specific
Smpdl3b
deficiency in db/db mice is sufficient to restore kidney cortex C1P content and to protect from DKD. Exogenous administration of C1P restores IR signaling in vitro and prevents established DKD progression in vivo. Taken together, we identify SMPDL3b as a modulator of insulin signaling and demonstrate that supplementation with exogenous C1P may represent a lipid therapeutic strategy to treat diabetic complications such as DKD.
Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase acid-like 3b (SMPDL3b) is a lipid raft enzyme known to affect membrane lipid composition. Here, Mitrofanova et al. show that increased expression of SMPDL3b in diabetes impairs insulin signaling and ceramide-1-phosphate (C1P) availability in podocytes, and that C1P supplementation protects mice from diabetic kidney disease.
Journal Article
Curtailing the dark side in non-standard neutrino interactions
A
bstract
In presence of non-standard neutrino interactions the neutrino flavor evolution equation is affected by a degeneracy which leads to the so-called LMA-Dark solution. It requires a solar mixing angle in the second octant and implies an ambiguity in the neutrino mass ordering. Non-oscillation experiments are required to break this degeneracy. We perform a combined analysis of data from oscillation experiments with the neutrino scattering experiments CHARM and NuTeV. We find that the degeneracy can be lifted if the non-standard neutrino interactions take place with down quarks, but it remains for up quarks. However, CHARM and NuTeV constraints apply only if the new interactions take place through mediators not much lighter than the electroweak scale. For light mediators we consider the possibility to resolve the degeneracy by using data from future coherent neutrino-nucleus scattering experiments. We find that, for an experiment using a stopped-pion neutrino source, the LMA-Dark degeneracy will either be resolved, or the presence of new interactions in the neutrino sector will be established with high significance.
Journal Article
The Global Prevalence of Intimate Partner Violence Against Women
Data from 81 countries was used to estimate global prevalence of intimate partner violence against women. Violence against women is a phenomenon that persists in all countries ( 1 ). Since the 1993 World Conference on Human Rights and the Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women, the international community has acknowledged that violence against women is an important public health, social policy, and human rights concern. However, documenting the magnitude of violence against women and producing reliable comparative data to guide policy and monitor progress has been difficult.
Journal Article