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"Garg, Shalini"
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Acute Kidney Injury Following Naphthalene (Mothball) Poisoning
Naphthalene is a widely available moth repellant in the Asian subcontinent. Toxicity can occur either accidentally or intentionally as a suicide attempt. An overdose can lead to a variety of clinical symptoms, including intravascular hemolysis, and can sometimes lead to life-threatening clinical situations. A young male was admitted to our center with an alleged history of ingesting an unknown quantity of naphthalene balls (mothballs). He developed methemoglobinemia, intra-vascular hemolysis, anuria, and acute kidney injury (AKI), followed by cardiorespiratory arrest. He was treated successfully with intravenous methylene blue and dialysis. Naphthalene toxicity can lead to methemoglobinemia and intravascular hemolysis. This can result in AKI caused by pigment nephropathy.
Journal Article
Controlled comparative study of YOLOv8-Pose, YOLOv11-Pose, and Detectron2 for vertebrae detection and keypoint estimation
Accurate vertebrae detection with precise keypoint localization is essential for medical image analysis and clinical applications, such as spinal alignment assessment. This study presents a controlled, task-driven comparison of four pose-based deep learning models for vertebrae detection and keypoint estimation: YOLOv8n-Pose, YOLOv11n-Pose, and Detectron2 (Keypoint R-CNN) with ResNet-50 and ResNet-101 backbones. A single-class vertebrae dataset with bounding box annotations and four anatomically meaningful keypoints per vertebra was evaluated under consistent training settings. Performance was assessed in terms of keypoint localization accuracy, detection precision, inference speed, and vertebrae-specific prediction behavior, including detection completeness and duplicate detections, which are critical for clinical usability. Results show that YOLOv11n-Pose provides the best balance between keypoint accuracy and inference efficiency, while YOLOv8n-Pose achieves the fastest inference with competitive performance. Detectron2-based models exhibit lower keypoint accuracy, slower inference, and frequent duplicate predictions that obscure correct anatomical landmarks. Additional experiments indicate that larger YOLO variants (particularly YOLOv8l-Pose) improve accuracy, albeit at increased computational cost. Overall, the results demonstrate that model capacity or architectural recency alone does not guarantee superior performance in vertebrae keypoint detection, highlighting the importance of anatomy-aware model selection for spine imaging applications.
Journal Article
Finsler fractional anisotropy (FFA): a directionally sensitive descriptor for multi-fiber white matter characterization in HARDI
Diffusion tensor imaging has significantly advanced the study of brain microstructure, but it faces challenges in regions with complex fiber architectures. High angular resolution diffusion imaging provides improved angular resolution, but still lacks straightforward scalar measures for complex diffusion patterns. We propose Finsler fractional anisotropy (FFA), a directionally sensitive biomarker derived from the Finsler geometry framework to capture local features in multi-fiber white matter. The descriptor was evaluated using both synthetic and in vivo data. Results suggest that FFA offers improved sensitivity in differentiating fiber crossings from parallel bundles, showing enhanced contrast and directional sensitivity, particularly within multi-fiber voxels where traditional scalar measures tend to be less informative. Statistical evaluations (t-test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test) indicated significant differences, with
p
-values
. We also discuss the strengths and limitations of FFA in analyzing complex white matter. Overall, these preliminary findings suggest that FFA may serve as a valuable complementary tool for characterizing complex brain microstructure. While results show enhanced directional sensitivity in regions with crossing fibers, further validation in larger clinical cohorts is required to establish its utility for investigating conditions such as multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer’s disease.
Journal Article
Chemical combustion synthesis of CeO2–ZnO nanocomposite and its application in ethanol sensing
Metal oxide-based nanocomposites has been regarded as a useful tool for sensors technology to detect various hazardous gases at low concentrations. In this work, the CeO
2
–ZnO composite was successfully synthesized using a simple chemical combustion method. The synthesized samples were characterized by employing different characterization techniques. The results demonstrated that the cubic fluorite phase of CeO
2
and the hexagonal wurtzite phase of ZnO have been obtained while the CeO
2
–ZnO composite showed a mixed phase of CeO
2
and ZnO. The morphology of the CeO
2
–ZnO products has a nanoporous structure. The well-defined structure of the CeO
2
–ZnO nanocomposite was confirmed by the HR-TEM. Furthermore, gas sensing study showed that CeO
2
–ZnO nanocomposite exhibited enhanced sensing properties toward ethanol at an operating temperature of 275 ℃. The gas sensitivity value was 61.75% toward 24 ppm ethanol. This could be attributed to the formation of the n–n heterojunction between CeO
2
and ZnO which enhances conductivity value to give more sensitivity.
Journal Article
Transmission of mutans streptococci in mother-child pairs
Background & objectives: Dental caries is an infectious, transmissible disease. Maternal transfer of mutans streptococci (MS) has been a subject of research. The aim of this study was to evaluate the transmission of MS from mother to children through genetic analysis.
Methods: Thirty mother-child pairs were included and divided into three groups according to the age of the children. Saliva samples were collected and MS colonies from each mother-child pair were isolated. After inoculation and incubation, MS colonies were submitted to amplification technique by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for identification and arbitrarily primed PCRs (AP-PCRs) to determine various MS genotypes.
Results: From birth to six months of age, 30 per cent of children exhibited MS colonization, and by the age of 30 months, 100 per cent harboured the bacteria (P < 0.001). Factors associated with MS colonization were eruption of teeth (P < 0.001), feeding habits with mean colony count being significantly lower in breast-fed as compared to bottle-fed children (P < 0.001) and a significant association between mean MS count of child and mother′s practice of sharing spoon with child (P < 0.001). The AP-PCR fingerprinting profile analysis showed 17 MS groups (clusters) containing identical or highly related isolates in mother-child pairs with a high level of similarity (77.27 %).
Interpretation & conclusions: The presence of matching MS genotypes suggested vertical transmission from mothers to children. Feeding habits, gum cleaning and number of erupted teeth in children had significant effect on MS colonization. There is a need to develop strategies to present MS colonization in children.
Journal Article
Family-friendly practices in the organization: a citation analysis
PurposeThe objective of the study is to identify the themes of “family friendly practices” and to perform a literature review. The research aims to identify the emerging trends in the area of “family friendly practices” by carrying out an exhaustive literature review.Design/methodology/approachThe study synthesizes the literature between the years 2010 and 2019. First of all, 150 research articles were identified by keyword search, bibliography and citation search, out of which 57 research articles were selected on the basis of the most sound theoretical background and maximum literature contribution. The citation analysis method was performed on these studies in order to study the journals, authors by using Google Scholar, ResearchGate, the international database Science Citation Index and SCImago Journal Ranking.FindingsThe author citation count shows that the research topic is still getting recognition and the research in this area is increasing. The finding of the research is that the current research in family-friendly practices has focused mainly on seven topics: availability and usability of family-friendly policy, job satisfaction, organizational performance, supervisor or manager support, work–life conflict, employee turnover employee retention and women’s employment.Originality/valueThe study may provide valuable inputs to the HRD practitioners, managers, research scholars, to understand the recent trends in the field of family-friendly policy. As per the best knowledge of the author, this is the first study on family-friendly practices using citation analysis.
Journal Article
Oral subcutaneous midline leiomyomatous hamartoma presenting as congenital incisive papilla overgrowth in a toddler
Congenital soft-tissue tumors of oral cavity are mostly hyperplastic and benign in nature. This article presents an unusual case of congenital subcutaneous hamartoma of incisive papilla in a 2-year-old female child causing feeding and breathing difficulty. Total excisional biopsy was done under local anesthesia. Histopathology of tissue in reticulin-stained slide showed the presence of immature muscle fibers whereas Masson's trichrome stain revealed collagen fibers and smooth muscles confirming the diagnosis of oral midline subcutaneous smooth muscle (leiomyomatous) hamartoma of incisive papilla. It is important for dental professionals to be aware of this oral lesion present from birth mimicking overgrowth of incisive papilla, by its presentation, differential diagnosis, histopathology, and management.
Journal Article