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In empirical research, sexual passion has frequently been conceptualized as the interdependent dynamics experienced with a partner and as following a unidimensional continuum of intensity. A recent theoretical model conceptualized sexual passion as an intrapersonal motivation, which can energize both partnered and non-partnered sexual behaviors (Philippe, Vallerand, Bernard-Desrosiers, Guilbault, & Rajotte, 2017 ). This model also departs from the typical unidimensional continuum by positing the existence of two types of sexual passion: harmonious sexual passion (HSP) and obsessive sexual passion (OSP). The purpose of the present research was to extend the development of such a dualistic model by examining key theoretical determinants and consequences of each type of sexual passion. Study 1 provided empirical evidence of discriminant validity for such a model with respect to key-related constructs in the sex literature (e.g., sexual desire, hypersexuality, self-determined motives). The results of Study 2 showed that both types of sexual passion were associated with a high engagement in various sexual activities, but that only HSP combined it with couple adjustment. Finally, Study 3 indicated that both HSP and OSP were associated with common as well as distinct determinants, while being conducive to different personal and interpersonal consequences. Overall, there were very few moderations by biological sex. The results of these three studies provide empirical support for the sexual passion model and pave the way for new research directions.

Predicting seizure recurrence risk is critical to the diagnosis and management of epilepsy. Routine electroencephalography (EEG) is a cornerstone of the estimation of seizure recurrence risk. However, EEG interpretation relies on the visual identification of interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) by neurologists, with limited sensitivity. Automated processing of EEG could increase its diagnostic yield and accessibility. The main objective was to develop a prediction model based on automated EEG processing to predict one-year seizure recurrence in patients undergoing routine EEG. We retrospectively selected a consecutive cohort of 517 patients undergoing routine EEG at our institution (training set) and a separate, temporally shifted cohort of 261 patients (testing set). We developed an automated processing pipeline to extract linear and non-linear features from the EEGs. We trained machine learning algorithms on multichannel EEG segments to predict one-year seizure recurrence. We evaluated the impact of IEDs and clinical confounders on performances and validated the performances on the testing set. The receiver operating characteristic area-under-the-curve for seizure recurrence after EEG in the testing set was 0.63 (95% CI 0.55–0.71). Predictions were still significantly above chance in EEGs with no IEDs. Our findings suggest that there are changes other than IEDs in the EEG signal embodying seizure propensity.

The performance of stormwater treatment trains and of their individual green infrastructures was evaluated near Montreal, Canada. Three treatment trains were studied: Train 1 – five bioretention cells in series with a wet retention pond; Train 2 – an infiltration trench in series with a dry detention pond; and Train 3 – Train 2 in series with a wet retention pond. A total of 47 rain events were monitored to quantity the hydrological performance, while water quality samples were taken during 24 rainfall events. During the summer, the bioretention cells led to a reduction in runoff volumes varying from 8 to 100%. Overall, the three studied treatment trains and all of the individual infrastructures, except for the dry pond, provided reductions in the mean concentrations of total suspended solids, chemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen and total phosphorous. Results also showed that the use of a train of stormwater infrastructures can be more effective to reach Quebec's legislated targets than single infrastructures, but only if the infrastructures are sequenced properly. Indeed, the addition of a dry basin at the end of Train 2 affected negatively the removal efficiency of the four studied contaminants.

Water distribution system (WDS) characteristics can impact drinking water quality. Kinetic reaction coefficients of residual disinfectant associated with bulk water (kb) and pipe wall (kw) during water distribution can lead to water quality degradation. Determining these coefficients can be expensive and time-consuming. The main objective of this study is to determine the most relevant pipe characteristics and locations to best determine chlorine decay coefficients in a WDS. This article aims to evaluate various scenarios of kb and kw values and compare them to measured data in a full-scale WDS. The most accurate scenario is also compared with the lowest-cost scenario to identify the most effective information needed to determine these coefficients, in terms of location within the WDS and pipe characteristics (age, diameter, and material). Results showed that the scenario with the highest kw and kb values corresponds best to the field-measured data. Moreover, determining specific kinetic coefficients was shown to be more accurate for gray cast iron pipes, pipes installed in a period before 1960, and vulnerable zones for residual chlorine decay.

This paper identifies the main sediment sources to the Beaudet Reservoir in Quebec (Canada) using sediment fingerprinting. The reservoir, which is built on the Bulstrode River and provides drinking water to Victoriaville, has decreased in capacity by 35% in the past 35 years. This study provides new data on fingerprinting in large and complex watersheds, a first in the province of Quebec. Nine sampling sites on the Bulstrode River and its three main tributaries were selected and five sampling campaigns were conducted. Samples from river bank profiles and adjacent fields, along with suspended sediments, were collected. All samples were sieved to 2 mm and analyzed for 137Caesium, 15 geochemical elements and sieved to 63 μm for color analysis. Source classification, based on an ANOVA test to verify the independence hypothesis and iterative linear discriminant analysis to optimize the ratio of inter-group/within-group variability, resulted in four sample classes: agricultural soils, forested soils, stream bank bottom and stream bank top. A Kruskal-Wallis H test then identified 21 out of the 32 tracers with p value < 0.05. The linear discriminant analysis led to a set of 14 tracers, namely 137Cs and 13 color coefficients with a discriminating result of 94%. That combination of 137Cs and color coefficients proved to be a cost-effective fingerprint. Based on MixSIAR modeling results, this sediment fingerprinting study has demonstrated that the main sediment sources varied within the watershed but, generally, forested soil particles dominated (33 to 49%), then agricultural soils (43 to 50%) reflecting the land use changes, followed by stream bank bottoms (82%) at the Beaudet Reservoir.

Monoclonal antibodies targeting interleukin 5 (IL5) or its receptor (IL5R) are frequently used in severe asthma, in which they reduce exacerbations rate and oral corticosteroids (OCS) exposure. Anti-IL5/IL5Rs have been studied in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) without convincing benefits. However, these therapies have been used in clinical practice in COPD with apparently good results. To describe the clinical characteristics and therapeutic response of COPD patients treated with anti-IL5/IL5R in a real-world setting. This is a retrospective case series of patients followed at the Quebec Heart and Lung Institute COPD clinic. Men or women, with an established diagnosis of COPD, and treated either with Mepolizumab or Benralizumab were included. Demographics, disease and exacerbation-related data, airway comorbidities, lung function, and inflammatory profile were extracted from patients' hospital files at baseline visit and 12 months post-treatment. Therapeutic response to biologics was assessed by measuring change in annual exacerbation rate and/or OCS daily dose. Seven COPD patients treated with biologics were identified (5M:2F). All were found to be OCSdependent at baseline. Radiological evidence of emphysema was found in all patients. One case was diagnosed with asthma before age 40. Residual eosinophilic inflammation was found in 5/6 patients (blood eosinophils count 237 ± 225×10 cells/L) despite chronic OCS use. After 12 months of anti-IL5 treatment, mean OCS dose dropped from 12.0 ± 7.6 to 2.6 ± 4.3 mg/day, representing a 78% decrease. Annual exacerbations rate was reduced by 88%, from 8.2 ± 3.3 to 1.0 ± 1.2 per year. Chronic OCS use is a common characteristic of patients treated with anti-IL5/IL5R biological therapies in this real-world setting. In this population, it may be effective in decreasing OCS exposure and exacerbation.

The effects of oxidizing agents during water treatment on the concentration of an artificial sweetener were evaluated in full-scale conditions. Five drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs) located in a northern environment with high seasonal variations which use different raw water sources and different combinations of oxidants (ozone, chlorine, UV radiation) were investigated through the removal of the artificial sweetener acesulfame (ACE) along their treatment chains. In total, 98 sampling campaigns were conducted at these DWTPs. Raw water (impacted by variable tidal and hydrodynamic conditions), partially treated water within the DWTPs, and fully treated drinking water were sampled during eight months over the period of higher variability of source water quality. Results showed ACE concentrations in raw waters vary on a seasonal basis: higher in winter and summer (when rivers have low water discharges) and lower during spring and fall. Multi-barrier treatment systems under study were effective for the removal of acesulfame due specifically to the effect of ozone and chlorine during oxidation steps, while no removal was observed using physico-chemical (coagulation flocculation, filtration) and UV treatments. Depending on the number of treatment steps that involved ozonation or chlorination and the position of these oxidative processes in the treatment chain, removal of ACE varied from 24% to 90% in the plants under study. The results indicate that increasing oxidant doses would result in better removal of ACE and other contaminants, but these strategies must consider unknown transformation products, potentially with greater toxicological effects than their precursors.

Having good information about parameters that impact water quality can improve the management of water distribution systems in the short-term (optimising disinfection) and the long-term (planning rehabilitation). Full-scale data on the degradation of the residual disinfectant for various pipe characteristics are difficult to obtain but necessary. As the most common disinfectant is chlorine, this paper aims to determine the most important pipe and/or hydraulic system characteristics in the chlorine degradation coefficients. Such characteristics were identified based on statistical analyses that relate them with range values of bulk and pipe wall degradation coefficients estimated in full-scale conditions in a real distribution system. The results showed that among pipe characteristics, the period of installation impacts significantly kw and kt. Results of kw for three different materials confirmed that residual chlorine degradation at the pipe walls for grey-cast iron, which is older and metallic, is much higher than that for ductile cast iron and PVC pipes. In older pipes, up to 97% of residual chlorine can be degraded at the pipe walls, while the role of bulk reactions can reach about 35% in newer pipes. The obtained information can be integrated to identify pipes for rehabilitation/renewal and locations for booster rechlorination.

Sampling campaigns at several points in a sector of a distribution network were conducted during several months to study the spatial and temporal variation of the free chlorine concentration (FCC) and disinfection by-product concentrations (DBPC) at the scale of a residential neighborhood. The water residence times (RT) at these sampling points and for the same period were also simulated using EPANET. Within the neighborhood, the results reveal significant differences in measured FCCs and DBPCs and low intra-day variability. Catching most of the FCC variability would require several sampling points to cover the spatial variability, whereas for DBPC, it is more relevant to obtain a higher sampling frequency. Moreover, the sampling point choices for DBPC should be based on previous FCC monitoring campaigns. At the studied scale, the RT alone is not the best indicator for the selection of the monitoring points for FCCs and DBPCs.

Although the scholarship of teaching and learning (SoTL) has continued to evolve as a field, building and sustaining SoTL within educational institutions remains challenging. Through interviews with 18 SoTL scholars, we sought to examine the question, “How do individuals and institutions sustain SoTL?” Our findings highlighted the important roles of brokering and strategic leadership. Using the landscape of practice as our theoretical framework, we identified the many ways that SoTL scholars influence and are influenced by these roles. SoTL practices are undeniably vulnerable to fluctuating institutional agendas and discourses, changes in leadership, funding opportunities, formal rewards, and overt recognition of SoTL, including scholars’ positions and titles. We found institutional actions may be critical in launching SoTL, supporting it at different times, or establishing academic positions for SoTL scholars who are able to promote the field. However, institutional support waxed and waned across institutions, with a few exceptions, which meant that the SoTL brokers working across the landscape of practice sustained SoTL over time through their strategic leadership. Despite varying contexts, our participants were in it for the long haul, brokering their connections to withstand the vagaries of institutional support. Thus, building SoTL is a long-term effort that requires resilience and a certain degree of institutional support, but more importantly, sustained, bottom-up support for faculty development, collaboration, and commitment across the landscape of practice.