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"Geng, Jing"
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لا ماء أنقى من الدموع : أغان من جبال ليانغ الصغيرة
يضم هذا الكتاب مجموعة من أروع القصائد الشعرية، التي كتبها شاعر مقاطعة \"يونان\" الصينية لورو دي جي Lure Diji) بلهجة الماندرين الصينية، مترجمة إلى اللغة العربية. وقد استمد لورو قصائده من المحيط البعيد للعالم الثقافي الصيني تناول خلالها الأرض الحمراء للهضبة العليا في المناطق الحدودية العالية في جنوب غرب الصين، والمنطقة التي تعلوها أعمال الطبيعة الحرة من أي قيود، بالإضافة إلى جبال الهيمالايا والغابات شبه الاستوائية العميقة، وجبال الثلج العملاقة والوديان ذات الانحدار الشديد، بالإضافة إلى روافد نهر يانغتسي، حيث تأخذ العديد من قصائد هذا الكتاب مكانها بين هذه التكوينات الطبيعية العظيمة، وتغوص في قصص الناس الذين يعيشون هناك، وتتناول الانطباعات التي تركوها على الأرض للحظات. إنها تحية وجدانية عظيمة مليئة بالوفاء والإكبار لإحدى براري الصين الأكثر جمالا ودفئا، من أحد أبنائها الأبرار.
TLR4 signalling via Piezo1 engages and enhances the macrophage mediated host response during bacterial infection
TLR4 signaling plays key roles in the innate immune response to microbial infection. Innate immune cells encounter different mechanical cues in both health and disease to adapt their behaviors. However, the impact of mechanical sensing signals on TLR4 signal-mediated innate immune response remains unclear. Here we show that TLR4 signalling augments macrophage bactericidal activity through the mechanical sensor Piezo1. Bacterial infection or LPS stimulation triggers assembly of the complex of Piezo1 and TLR4 to remodel F-actin organization and augment phagocytosis, mitochondrion-phagosomal ROS production and bacterial clearance and genetic deficiency of Piezo1 results in abrogation of these responses. Mechanistically, LPS stimulates TLR4 to induce Piezo1-mediated calcium influx and consequently activates CaMKII-Mst1/2-Rac axis for pathogen ingestion and killing. Inhibition of CaMKII or knockout of either Mst1/2 or Rac1 results in reduced macrophage bactericidal activity, phenocopying the Piezo1 deficiency. Thus, we conclude that TLR4 drives the innate immune response via Piezo1 providing critical insight for understanding macrophage mechanophysiology and the host response.
Innate immune cells respond to a number of environmental cues including TLR signalling. Here the authors implicate mechanical sensor Piezo1 in the TLR4 mediated host response to bacterial infection and implicate it in the enhancement of macrophage mediated host response.
Journal Article
تحديث الاقتصاد الصيني
في كتابه \"تحديث الاقتصاد الصيني\" يتناول تشياو جنغ عملية الإصلاح الاقتصادي في الصين خلال ثلاثة عقود تم فيها وصف التطور السريع لاقتصاد الصين ب\"المعجزة الاقتصادية\"، ولكنه وصف غير دقيق -بتعبير المؤلف- وبمعنى أكثر دقة، يعتبر التطور السريع لاقتصاد الصين مجرد عملية انتعاش اقتصادي. إنها عملية مواكبة لاقتصادات الأسواق في المناطق المتقدمة.
Book
Macrophage achieves self-protection against oxidative stress-induced ageing through the Mst-Nrf2 axis
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in phagocytes is a major defense mechanism against pathogens. However, the cellular self-protective mechanism against such potential damage from oxidative stress remains unclear. Here we show that the kinases Mst1 and Mst2 (Mst1/2) sense ROS and maintain cellular redox balance by modulating the stability of antioxidant transcription factor Nrf2. Site-specific ROS release recruits Mst1/2 from the cytosol to the phagosomal or mitochondrial membrane, with ROS subsequently activating Mst1/2 to phosphorylate kelch like ECH associated protein 1 (Keap1) and prevent Keap1 polymerization, thereby blocking Nrf2 ubiquitination and degradation to protect cells against oxidative damage. Treatment with the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine disrupts ROS-induced interaction of Mst1/2 with phagosomes or mitochondria, and thereby diminishes the Mst-Nrf2 signal. Consistently, loss of Mst1/2 results in increased oxidative injury, phagocyte ageing and death. Thus, our results identify the Mst-Nrf2 axis as an important ROS-sensing and antioxidant mechanism during an antimicrobial response.
Immune cells produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) to eliminate pathogens, but cell-spontaneous death and ageing may also be induced. Here the authors show that, upon sensing ROS, Mst1/2 kinases modulate the activity of Nrf2 transcription factor and downstream genetic programs to protect mouse macrophages from death and ageing.
Journal Article
Chaos cloud quantum bat hybrid optimization algorithm
The bat algorithm (BA) has fast convergence, a simple structure, and strong search ability. However, the standard BA has poor local search ability in the late evolution stage because it references the historical speed; its population diversity also declines rapidly. Moreover, since it lacks a mutation mechanism, it easily falls into local optima. To improve its performance, this paper develops a hybrid approach to improving its evolution mechanism, local search mechanism, mutation mechanism, and other mechanisms. First, the quantum computing mechanism (QCM) is used to update the searching position in the BA to improve its global convergence. Secondly, the X-condition cloud generator is used to help individuals with better fitness values to increase the rate of convergence, with the sorting of individuals after a particular number of iterations; the individuals with poor fitness values are used to implement a 3D cat mapping chaotic disturbance mechanism to increase population diversity and thereby enable the BA to jump out of a local optimum. Thus, a hybrid optimization algorithm—the chaotic cloud quantum bats algorithm (CCQBA)—is proposed. To test the performance of the proposed CCQBA, it is compared with alternative algorithms. The evaluation functions are nine classical comparative functions. The results of the comparison demonstrate that the convergent accuracy and convergent speed of the proposed CCQBA are significantly better than those of the other algorithms. Thus, the proposed CCQBA represents a better method than others for solving complex problems.
Journal Article
Role of Hippo signaling in regulating immunity
The Hippo signaling pathway has been established as a key regulator of organ size control, tumor suppression, and tissue regeneration in multiple organisms. Recently, emerging evidence has indicated that Hippo signaling might play an important role in regulating the immune system in both
Drosophila
and mammals. In particular, patients bearing a loss-of-function mutation of MST1 are reported to have an autosomal recessive primary immunodeficiency syndrome. MST1/2 kinases, the mammalian orthologs of
Drosophila
Hippo, may activate the non-canonical Hippo signaling pathway via MOB1A/B and/or NDR1/2 or cross-talk with other essential signaling pathways to regulate both innate and adaptive immunity. In this review, we present and discuss recent findings of cellular mechanisms/functions of Hippo signaling in the innate immunity in
Drosophila
and in mammals, T cell immunity, as well as the implications of Hippo signaling for tumor immunity.
Journal Article
The effectiveness of different down-regulating protocols on in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer in endometriosis: a meta-analysis
Background
To investigate the effectiveness of the GnRH-a ultra-long protocol, GnRH-a long protocol, and GnRH-a short protocol used in in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) in infertile women with endometriosis.
Methods
We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Elsevier Science Direct, OA Library, Google Scholar, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, China Science and Technology Journal database, and the China Biology Medicine disc for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies (non-RCTs) to evaluate the efficacy of the GnRH-a ultra-long protocol, GnRH-a long protocol, and GnRH-a short protocol in IVF-ET in infertile patients with endometriosis.
Results
A total of 21 studies in compliance with the standard literature were included, and RCT and non-RCT studies were analyzed separately. This meta-analysis showed that the GnRH-a ultra-long protocol could improve the clinical pregnancy rate of infertile patients in RCT studies, especially in patients with stages III–IV endometriosis (RR = 2.04, 95% CI: 1.37~3.04,
P
< 0.05). However, subgroup analysis found the different down-regulation protocols provided no significant difference in improving clinical outcomes in patients with endometriosis in the non-RCT studies.
Conclusion
This study suggests that the GnRH-a ultra-long protocol can improve the clinical pregnancy rate of the patients with stages III–IV endometriosis in RCT studies. Although it is generally believed that the results of RCT are more reliable, the conclusions of the non-RCT studies cannot be easily neglect, which let us draw conclusions more cautious.
Journal Article
A ship motion forecasting approach based on empirical mode decomposition method hybrid deep learning network and quantum butterfly optimization algorithm
Ship motion (SHM) forecasting value is an important parameter for ship navigation and operation. However, due to the coupling effect of wind, wave, and current, its time series has strong nonlinear characteristics, so it is a great challenge to obtain accurate forecasting results. Therefore, considering the strong nonlinear of SHM time series, firstly, this paper decomposes the original time series into multiple intrinsic mode functions (IMF) using empirical mode decomposition (EMD) technology and then establishes a hybrid deep learning network for each IMF based on convolutional neural network (CNN) and gated recurrent unit (GRU) according to the characteristics of SHM time series. On this basis, the EMD-CNN-GRU (ECG) hybrid forecasting model of SHM is constructed by integrating a component forecasting model. Secondly, considering the difficulty of hyper-parameters selection of ECG model, this paper improves the butterfly optimization algorithm (BOA) based on quantum theory, designs the quantum coding rules of butterfly spatial position, establishes the optimization process of butterfly algorithm based on quantum coding, and then proposes the quantum butterfly optimization algorithm (QBOA). Finally, a hybrid forecasting approach integrating ECG and QBOA is proposed, namely ECG & QBOA. To evaluate the feasibility and performance of the proposed approach. A prediction experiment was carried out with the SHM data of a real ship. The results indicate that, compared with the other comparison models selected in this paper, ECG-based models have significant higher forecasting accuracy (with MAPE values of 10.86% and 12.69% in two experiments, respectively, and with significant accuracy improvement of at least 10% than other compared models), and the QBOA has obtained more appropriate hyper-parameters combination of ECG model.
Journal Article
Facile synthesis of Fe/Ni bimetallic oxide solid-solution nanoparticles with superior electrocatalytic activity for oxygen evolution reaction
The sluggish oxygen evolution reaction （OER） is an important half-reaction of the electrochemical water-splitting reaction. Amorphous Fe/Ni composite oxides have high activity. In this work, we modified the aerosol spray-assisted approach and obtained amorphous Fe-Ni-Ox solid-solution nanoparticles （Fe-Ni-Ox-NPs） approximately 20 nm in size by choosing iron/nickel acetylacetonates as raw materials instead of inorganic salts. The small-sized Fe-Ni-Ox-NPs were characterized by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, X-ray diffraction （XRD） analysis, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy （EDX）, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）. Furthermore, an investigation of electrochemical OER performance suggests that the small-sized Fe-Ni-Ox-NPs have higher activity than the large-sized Fe-Ni-Ox-MPs. A small overpotential of 0.315 V was demanded to obtain a working current density of 50 mA/cm2, and the Tafel slope was as low as 38 mWdec.
Journal Article
Influence of temperature-dependent shell corrections on the prediction of production cross sections for superheavy nuclei
In the framework of the dinuclear system model, we introduce a formula accounting for temperaturedependent shell corrections to assess their influence on the fission barrier calculations and, consequently, the survival probability of excited nuclei. Our approach considers the excitation energy’s effect on the fission barrier, a crucial aspect in determining the likelihood of a nucleus persisting. Leveraging experimental data with associated errors, we constrain the region of the shell correction damping factor. Employing this refined methodology, we predict the production cross sections for the novel superheavy element (SHE) with atomic number Z=119. Specifically, at the
54
Cr(
243
Am,3n)
294
119 reaction, cross sections are anticipated to range between 3-27 femtobarns (fb), while for the
51
V(
248
Cm,3n)
296
119 reaction, they are projected to span 21-180 fb. These predictions offer valuable insights into the formation dynamics of this exotic superheavy element.
Journal Article