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Background Violence against women (VAW) is the most common cause of women’s homelessness. However, policy and programming for VAW and homelessness have developed and operated in siloes in many countries, including Canada, limiting capacity to address the unique needs of women facing both interrelated issues. This study uniquely analyzes data from participants experiencing violence and homelessness drawn from each of the VAW and homelessness sectors at the height of the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada’s largest city, Toronto. Methods We qualitatively analyzed data from two studies conducted concurrently in 2021 as part of the Marginalization and COVID-19 (MARCO) Project, which aimed to investigate outcomes of the COVID-19 response among people experiencing marginalization in the Greater Toronto Area. Participants were 10 survivors who accessed VAW services and 23 residents of homeless encampments. We applied a reflexive thematic analysis within a feminist poststructuralist framework to explore participants’ experiences of violence and homelessness and interrogate the structural factors that dictate which and how different participants ‘end up’ in different sectors and their outcomes. Results We generated three themes in our analysis: (1) inequities exacerbated: (abuse of) power and control as pathways into women’s homelessness; (2) negotiating trade-offs between safety and autonomy; and (3) gender stereotypes versus gender-transformative approaches. There was a common pathway of VAW to homelessness, exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic and most acutely felt by participants facing intersecting forms of marginalization (e.g., economic or immigration precarity). Considerations around safety and autonomy were central to shaping experiences of women’s homelessness. Participants described ways in which gender stereotypes, both internalized and at systems- and organizational-levels, harmed them in terms of service (in)access – especially for women who used substances or were lone caregivers. The most positive experiences when accessing shelter or housing services were when participants received gender-specific supports that promoted their safety and empowerment – in many cases, in spite of the constraints presented by COVID-19 public health measures. Conclusions Our results highlight the need for strengthened collaboration between the VAW and housing/homelessness sectors and a unified policy strategy to address homelessness that applies a gender-transformative and intersectional approach, during and beyond public health emergencies.

Scholarship on young people’s geographical mobilities tells us that young adults move away from their childhood communities for a complex mix of economic “push-pull” reasons, including relationships, aspirations, attachments to place, identity, and belonging. In this abundant research, particularly that which focuses on youth outmigration from rural and peripheral communities, there is surprisingly little attention paid to an issue that is top-of-mind for many young adults today: personal debt. In this paper, we draw insights from extant literature on youth mobilities to make the case for a greater examination of the role of personal debt in young people’s migration decisions. We hypothesize that youth and debt increase a person’s likelihood of moving away from peripheral regions. We test this hypothesis using data from a 2019 survey of Atlantic Canadians and find some support for it, and some interesting nuance, suggesting that there is good reason to examine debt’s role in youth mobilities in greater detail.

There are also noted racial, class and gender dimensions of the scene; for example, there is an indication that women are marginalized in the scene and face additional challenges and barriers that their male counterparts do not, especially in terms of the pressures on appearance over skill.

Hopes for your research impact on the world? I want my research to inspire people to look beyond the surface and see the complex relationship between rap music and society.

During my brainstorming for this piece, I stumbled on costumes marketed to 4-6 year old girls that showed short dresses/skirts and high boots, compared to boys of the same age who portrayed a realistic image of a police officer, pirate, or superhero.

Abstract Polyploid speciation has played an important role in evolutionary history across the tree of life, yet there remain large gaps in our understanding of how polyploid species form and persist. Although systematic studies have been conducted in numerous polyploid complexes, recent advances in sequencing technology have demonstrated that conclusions from data-limited studies may be spurious and misleading. The North American gray treefrog complex, consisting of the diploid Hyla chrysoscelis and the tetraploid H. versicolor, has long been used as a model system in a variety of biological fields, yet all taxonomic studies to date were conducted with only a few loci from nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. Here, we utilized anchored hybrid enrichment and high-throughput sequencing to capture hundreds of loci along with whole mitochondrial genomes to investigate the evolutionary history of this complex. We used several phylogenetic and population genetic methods, including coalescent simulations and testing of polyploid speciation models with approximate Bayesian computation, to determine that H. versicolor was most likely formed via autopolyploidization from a now extinct lineage of H. chrysoscelis. We also uncovered evidence of significant hybridization between diploids and tetraploids where they co-occur, and show that historical hybridization between these groups led to the re-formation of distinct polyploid lineages following the initial whole-genome duplication event. Our study indicates that a wide variety of methods and explicit model testing of polyploid histories can greatly facilitate efforts to uncover the evolutionary history of polyploid complexes.