Explore the vast range of titles available.

This study investigates the occurrence and distribution of chemical pollutants, including total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), anionic surfactants, and total organic carbon (TOC), in the Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) waters in the northern Persian Gulf. Water samples were collected from five MPAs during the winter and summer of 2022. The study identified significant seasonal variations, with higher pollutant levels recorded in winter compared to summer. Concentrations of ∑19PCBs (ng/L), anionic surfactants (µg/L), TPHs (mg/L), and TOC (mg/L) ranged from 0.72 to 4.66, 10 to 79, ND to 134.63, and 0.5 to 114.58 in winter, and from 2.49 to 5.05, 11 to 30, ND to 20.26, and 0.15 to 5.27 in summer, respectively. The pollution patterns revealed the Mond protected area as a major pollution hotspot, compromising its ecological health. The results highlight the critical need for targeted pollution control and enhanced conservation measures in the region’s MPAs to protect biodiversity and marine ecosystems.

This study examines the occurrence and ecological risks of phthalate esters (PAEs) and bisphenol A (BPA) in raw urban wastewater from Bushehr, a coastal city in the northern Persian Gulf. PAEs, used as plasticizers, and BPA, found in various consumer products, are endocrine disruptors that pose environmental and health threats. The research evaluates the concentrations, distribution, and sources of these pollutants and assesses their ecological risks. Wastewater samples were collected from six discharge stations along the Bushehr coastline between February and April 2023. Using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), seven PAE compounds, including dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP), bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), and di-octyl phthalate (DOP), alongside BPA were analyzed. DEHP emerged as the dominant PAE, with concentrations ranging from 19.67 to 39.75 µg/L, while BPA levels ranged from 0.10 to 2.50 µg/L, peaking at Rishehr Park. Ecological risk assessment, conducted using the risk quotient (RQ) method, revealed that DEHP posed a high ecological risk (RQ > 1) to sensitive aquatic species. These findings highlight the urgent need for improved wastewater treatment and pollution control to safeguard marine ecosystems and public health. The study contributes valuable insights into the contamination levels and sources of PAEs and BPA in the northern Persian Gulf, advancing the understanding of regional marine pollution and its ecological impacts.

This study examines the bioaccumulation factor (BAF) of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Peronia peronii (as the bio-indicator organism) exposed to the leachate resulting from fruit-flavored and traditional burnt tobacco wastes. The ƩPAHs concentrations in the muscle samples of P. Peronii of exposed group I (organisms exposed to the leachate resulting from fruit-flavored waterpipe tobacco wastes) and exposed group II (organisms exposed to the leachate resulting from traditional waterpipe tobacco wastes) and control group (exposed to natural seawater) were 37.49 ± 12.9, 9.32 ± 3.8, and 3.89 ± 1.9 ng/g, respectively. Furthermore, there was a significant difference between the mean values of all ƩPAHs compounds in the three groups (group I, group II, and control). The mean Log BAFs in P. Peronii exposed to fruit-flavored and traditional tobacco waste leachates were ranged from 1.70 to 3.61 and 2.49 to 3.07, respectively. The mean Log BAFs of none of the PAHs compounds did not exceed 3.7 (the limit set as “bio-accumulative”) in none of the leachates (fruit-flavored or traditional). In the organisms exposed to the leachates resulting from fruit-flavored tobacco waste, Log BAFs of Benzo[b] fluoranthene (BbF), benzo(a)anthracene (BaA), and chrysene (Chr) lay within the range of 3.3–3.7 (“potentially bio-accumulative”). However, in the organisms exposed to the leachates resulting from traditional tobacco waste, the mean Log BAFs of all compounds did not reach even 3.3. The findings of our study indicate that leachates from tobacco waste, pose significant environmental and health hazards. Considering the prevalence of tobacco smoking, suitable strategies should be employed for management of these hazardous wastes to protect the environmental health.

Secondhand smoke (SHS: a mixture of sidestream and mainstream smoke) and thirdhand smoke (THS: made up of the pollutants that settle indoors after smoking in closed environments) are a significant public health concern. SHS and THS contain various chemicals which can be released into the air or settle on surfaces. At present, the hazards of SHS and THS are not as well documented. In this review, we describe the chemical contents of THS and SHS, exposure routes, vulnerable groups, health effects, and protective strategies. The literature search was conducted for published papers on September 2022 in Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases. This review could provide a comprehensive understanding of the chemical contents of THS and SHS, exposure routes, vulnerable groups, health effects, protective strategies, and future researches on environmental tobacco smoke.

Health care manager play a vital role in health promotion and health care policy. The change of health care system and Create an efficient system, more attention to health education and socioeconomic cultural disparity in providing service in all of health level, allocate more resources, and use of various health models can alter health care conditions. Mostafazadeh-Bora, M; Shahriari, M. Straggle in health care system for improving health status: what is vital in this challenge?.

This study was conducted to monitor the plant responses to seed priming with electromagnetic fields (0, 4, or 6 mT) or cold plasma (0, 80, or 100 s) in Salvia nemorosa . The cold plasma or electromagnetic field treatments significantly increased shoot fresh weight (49%), root fresh weight (41%), and root length (56%). The results highlighted that seed priming with cold plasma or the electromagnetic field is an effective method to modify seedling growth. The electromagnetic field and plasma treatments upregulated the AREB1 gene (mean = 3.9-fold). Except for the electromagnetic field of 4mT, the other treatments stimulated expressions of the WRKY1 gene by an average of 6.7-fold relative to the control. The cold plasma or electromagnetic field also induced the expression of cinnamoyl-CoA reductases (CCR2) gene (mean = fourfold). These treatments also changed the expression of the rosmarinic acid synthase by an average of sixfold. These findings may improve our knowledge of plant reactions to cold plasma and electromagnetic field for possible functions in seed technology.

We have investigated the adsorption of herring sperm DNA on Fe 3 O 4 magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) before and after modification with the ionic liquid 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide. Experiments were performed in a batch mode, and the effects of DNA concentration, pH of the sample solution, ionic strength, temperature, and contact time between reagents were optimized. An evaluation of the adsorption isotherm revealed that the Langmuir model better fits the equilibrium data than the Freundlich model. The maximum adsorption capacities of the unmodified and modified NPs, respectively, were found to be 11.8 and 19.8 mg DNA per gram of adsorbent. The adsorption of DNA onto the modified NPs was endothermic, while it was exothermic in the case of the unmodified NPs. The DNA can be desorbed from the modified surfaces of the NPs by using EDTA as the eluent. The NPs were able to adsorb about 90 ± 1.5 % of DNA after being recycled for three times. The method is simple, fast, robust, and does not require organic solvents or sophisticated equipment. Figure Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles as well as 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bromidecoated Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles were prepared and used for adsorption of DNA. The mean size and the surface morphology of both nanoparticles were characterized by TEM, DLS, XRD, FTIR and TGA techniques. The correlation coefficient of the Langmuir model suggests a better fit for the experimental equilibrium adsorption data.

Marine protected areas (MPAs) are one of the policy tools to support marine biodiversity conservation and sustainable use of marine resources. The distribution, sources, and ecological risk assessment of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs), total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and heavy metals (HMs) in sediments of MPAs in the northern Persian Gulf, were evaluated for the first time in this study. The Σ 16 PAHs ranged from 4.65 to 20.86 μg/kg dry weight (dw). The molecular ratios and ring’s pattern of PAHs suggested a mixed origin with a predominance of pyrogenic sources. The TPH concentration varied from 5.21 to 17.90 μg/g dw. Ecological risk assessment suggested that sediment samples in Bushehr Province’s MPAs can be categorized as medium risk. The mean concentration of ∑ 18 PCB was 0.345–0.419 ng/g dw, and the main components correspond to PCB-77, PCB-105, PCB-81, PCB-101, and PCB-114. The mean concentration of As, Co, Cr, Ni, V, Mg, Pb, Zn, Cu, Al, and Fe varied from 4.79 to 9.69, 2–12, 39–142, 18–90, 15–58, 184–425, 7–45.9, 6–42.4, 4–20 μg/g dw, 0.75–4.12%, and 0.35–1.62%, respectively. Multivariate analysis, such as principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA), coupled with correlation coefficient analysis, was used to analyze the analytical data and to identify possible pollution sources. The results of this study provided the background information on the extent of POP contamination in the sediment and highlighted the need to further control pollution in MPAs.

In this paper, adsorption behaviors of typical neutral (alanine), acidic (glutamic acid) and basic (lysine) amino acids onto the surfaces of neutral as well as positively and negatively charged silver chloride nanoparticles were examined. Silver chloride nanoparticles with different charges and different water content were synthesized by reverse micelle method. The adsorptions of the above mentioned amino acids onto the surfaces of differently charged silver chloride nanoparticles were found to depend strongly on various parameters including pH of the aqueous solution, type of amino acid, water to surfactant mole ratio, and type of charges on the surfaces of silver chloride nanoparticles. It was found that the interaction of –NH 3 + groups of the amino acids with silver ion could be a driving force for adsorption of amino acids. Alanine and Glutamic acid showed almost similar trend for being adsorbed on the surface of silver chloride nanoparticles. Electrostatic interaction, hydrophobicity of both nanoparticle and amino acid, complex formation between amine group and silver ion, interaction between protonated amine and silver ion as well as the number of nanoparticles per unit volume of solution were considered for interpreting the observed results.

Background: One of the treatments of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is chemotherapy but it can destroy other normal cells as well as cancer cells, which can lead to infection and bleeding. The widespread consumption of nanoparticles synthesized biogenically by seaweed is because of their easy accessibility and usefulness. We aimed to investigate silver nanoparticles synthesised using Sargassum on the expression of miR-25 and 143 in Jurkat cell line. Methods: In an interventional study in 2019, Bushehr, Iran, following culture of the Jurkat cell line with 95% survival rate, we applied different drug concentrations to 20,000 cell lines and control cells separately to determine maximum cell growth inhibition and IC50. After treatment for 48 h, RNA extraction was performed, and Real Time PCR was used to evaluate miR-25 and 143 expressions. Results: MiR-25 expression in the groups that treated with the maximum dose and IC50 of silver nanoparticles and algae extract was decline but did not differ significantly from that of the control group. Conversely, miR-143 showed a remarkable decline in both treatment groups (P<0.0001). After treating PBMC with nanoparticles the expression level of miR-25 and miR-143were not significantly different. Conclusion: The level of miR-25 and 143 expressions were decrease in the IC50 dosage of silver nanoparticles and algae extract produced. The level of miR-25 expression decreased more in the treated Jurkat cell line than the level of miR-143 expression in normal lymphocytes. Given the oncogenicity of miR-25 in the Jurkat cell line, it is suggested that decreasing level of this microRNA can help to apoptosis of leukemic cells.