Catalogue Search | MBRL
Are you sure you want to remove the book from the shelf?
{{itemTitle}}
150
result(s) for
"Gilmore, Stephen"
Sort by:
Melanoma screening: Informing public health policy with quantitative modelling
Develops an accurate representation of Australian melanoma incidence and mortality rates over the period 1982–2013, and an accurate representation of projected incidence and mortality rates over the period 2013–2028. Uses these models as baseline to determine, both retrospectively and prospectively, quantitative estimates regarding the effects (and costs) of different levels of secondary prevention with respect to incidence and mortality. Source: National Library of New Zealand Te Puna Matauranga o Aotearoa, licensed by the Department of Internal Affairs for re-use under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 New Zealand Licence.
Journal Article
REVOCATION OF PARENTAL RESPONSIBILITY AND MARITAL STATUS: LEGITIMATE DISCRIMINATION?
Where parents are married or in a civil partnership, there is no power to revoke the parental responsibility of a father or second female parent, except by an adoption order or parental order. That position contrasts with that of unmarried fathers and unmarried second female parents where, by Children Act 1989, ss. 4(2A) and 4ZA(5), respectively, the court has power to bring their parental responsibility to an end. Irrespective of such power, the courts have power to control the exercise of parental responsibility which \"extends, in very exceptional cases, to making an order prohibiting a parent from taking any steps in the exercise of parental responsibility\" ('P v D and Others' [2014] EWHC 2355 (Fam), at [109] (Baker J.)), and see for examples HvA [2015] EWFC 58 (MacDonald J.) and 'His Highness Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum v Her Royal Highness Princess Haya bint Al Hussein and Others' [2021] EWHC 3480 (Fam) (Sir Andrew McFarlane P.)). Thus, while revocation of parental responsibility is not possible in the case of a parent who is married to the child's mother, the courts can make orders which in practical terms mirror such revocation.
Journal Article
LOSING (AND RESTORING) THE BIG PICTURE: ASSISTED CONCEPTION AND LEGAL PARENTHOOD
'Re S (Children: Parentage and Jurisdiction)' [2023] EWCA Civ 897 (King, Moylan and Peter Jackson L.JJ.) raised two important unrelated issues: legal parenthood in cases of assisted conception; and the scope of the jurisdiction of the Family court. The former is the focus of this comment. The question for the court was whether the appellant, CP (who at the material time was the children's mother's civil partner) was the legal parent of children who were the subject of court applications. The children were conceived by fertility treatment (in vitro fertilisation) in the US and born in the UK in 2011 and 2013. CP was involved in the choice of sperm donor. She was present at the birth in 2011, and, although not present at the birth in 2013 as her father was dying, she visited the mother in hospital each day. CP was not named on the children's birth certificates, although the children had CP's surname as their last middle name, and she was recorded on the children's baptism certificates as their guardian. The mother claimed that, after discovery in 2009 that CP had had an affair, the relationship broke down irretrievably, \"albeit that CP still sometimes lived in her home and they resumed their intimacy from time to time\" (at [7]). CP maintained that the relationship continued for a further five years, living with the mother and the family. The issue of legal parenthood turned on interpretation of section 42(1) of the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 2008 (HFEA 2008), which provides.
Journal Article
Lyapunov Exponents and Temperature Transitions in a Warming Australia
Multiple potential tipping points in the Earth system that involve alternative states have been identified that are susceptible to anthropogenic forcing. Past events—from millions of years ago to within the last century—have manifest as abrupt changes in climatic indicators such as the temperature record. Recent unprecedented heat waves in Australia, their associated devastation, and the considerations above provide motivation to ask whether the Australian daily maximum temperature record has been subject to such abrupt changes. Using a new diagnostic tool—the Lyapunov plot—here it is shown that multiple temperature transitions have occurred with respect to the maximum daily temperature record in widely separated locations in Australia over the last 150 years. All maximum Lyapunov exponents are positive in sign, indicating that the transitions are chaos-to-chaos transitions, and that the different climate modes identified are likely to be manifestations of distinct chaotic attractors. Many of these events occur simultaneously with transitions or extremes in the major natural cycles affecting Australia’s climate, but this observation is not universal. It is known that chaos-to-chaos transitions can result in changes in the value(s) of the state variable(s) that can range from subtle to severe. Although the identified transitions are not catastrophic, this observation does not rule out the possibility of severe, unprecedented, and discontinuous increases in average daily maximum temperatures occurring in Australia at any time within the next few decades.
Journal Article
Automated decision support in melanocytic lesion management
An automated melanocytic lesion image-analysis algorithm is described that aims to reproduce the decision-making of a dermatologist. The utility of the algorithm lies in its ability to identify lesions requiring excision from lesions not requiring excision. Using only wavelet coefficients as features, and testing three different machine learning algorithms, a cohort of 250 images of pigmented lesions is classified based on expert dermatologists' recommendations of either excision (165 images) or no excision (85 images). It is shown that the best algorithm utilises the Shannon4 wavelet coupled to the support vector machine, where the latter is used as the classifier. In this case the algorithm, utilising only 22 othogonal features, achieves a 10-fold cross validation sensitivity and specificity of 0.96 and 0.87, resulting in a diagnostic-odds ratio of 261. The advantages of this method over diagnostic algorithms-which make a melanoma/no melanoma decision-are twofold: first, by reproducing the decision-making of a dermatologist, the average number of lesions excised per melanoma among practioners in general can be reduced without compromising the detection of melanoma; and second, the intractable problem of clinically differentiating between many atypical dysplastic naevi and melanoma is avoided. Since many atypical naevi that require excision on clinical grounds will not be melanoma, the algorithm-in contrast to diagnostic algorithms-can aim for perfect specificities without clinical concerns, thus lowering the excision rate of non-melanoma. Finally, the algorithm has been implemented as a smart phone application to investigate its utility in clinical practice and to streamline the assimilation of hitherto unseen tested images into the training set.
Journal Article
Control Strategies for Endemic Childhood Scabies
Human scabies is a major global public health issue, with an estimated 300 million cases per year worldwide. Prevalence rates are particularly high in many third-world regions and within various indigenous communities in developed countries. Infestation with Sarcoptes Scabiei is associated with group-A streptococcal pyoderma which in turn predisposes to rheumatic fever, acute glomerulonephritis and their respective long-term sequelae: rheumatic heart disease and chronic renal insufficiency. The documented difficulties inherent in achieving scabies control within affected communities have motivated us to develop a network-dependent Monte-Carlo model of the scabies contagion, with the dual aims of gaining insight into its dynamics, and in determining the effects of various treatment strategies. Here we show that scabies burden is adversely affected by increases in average network degree, prominent network clustering, and by a person-to-person transmissibility of greater magnitude. We demonstrate that creating a community-specific model allows for the determination of an effective treatment protocol that can satisfy any pre-defined target prevalence. We find frequent low-density treatment protocols are inherently advantageous in comparison with infrequent mass screening and treatment regimes: prevalence rates are lower when compared with protocols that administer the same number of treatments over a given time interval less frequently, and frequent low-density treatment protocols have economic, practical and public acceptance advantages that may facilitate their long-term implementation. This work demonstrates the importance of stochasticity, community structure and the heterogeneity of individuals in influencing the dynamics of the human scabies contagion, and provides a practical method for investigating the outcomes of various intervention strategies.
Journal Article
Rewriting children’s rights judgments
This important edited collection is the culmination of research undertaken by the Children's Rights Judgments Project. This initiative involved academic experts revisiting existing case law, drawn from a range of legal sub-disciplines and jurisdictions, and redrafting the judgment from a children's rights perspective. The rewritten judgments shed light on the conceptual and practical challenges of securing children's rights within judicial decision-making and explore how developments in theory and practice can inform and (re-)invigorate the legal protection of children's rights. Collectively, the judgments point to five key factors that support a children's rights-based approach to judgment writing. These include: using children's rights law and principles; drawing on academic insights and evidence; endorsing child friendly procedures; adopting a children's rights focused narrative; and using child-friendly language. Each judgment is accompanied by a commentary explaining the historical and legal context of the original case and the rationale underpinning the revised judgment including the particular children's rights perspective adopted; the extent to which it addresses the children's rights deficiencies evident in the original judgment; and the potential impact the alternative version might have had on law, policy or practice. Presented thematically, with contributions from leading scholars in the field, this innovative collection offers a truly new and unique perspective on children's rights.
eBook
Withdrawal of Parental Responsibility: Lost Authority and a Lost Opportunity
This comment examines Re D (Withdrawal of Parental Responsibility), the first reported Court Appeal decision on withdrawal of parental responsibility pursuant to section 4(2A) of the Children Act 1989. It demonstrates that the Court overlooked earlier Court of Appeal authority, resulting in tension in the Court's guidance. The comment criticises the Court of Appeal's characterisation of parental responsibility as entirely child-centred and its uncritical acceptance that the child's welfare is the paramount consideration in applications for withdrawal of parental responsibility. It argues that such an approach may not adequately respect the parent's interests in retaining parental responsibility, especially in the context of an order which is more draconian in effect than a care order. The impact upon applications for removal of parental responsibility of the new presumption of parental involvement, which was implemented shortly after the decision in Re D, is also considered.
Journal Article
Lacunarity Analysis: A Promising Method for the Automated Assessment of Melanocytic Naevi and Melanoma
The early diagnosis of melanoma is critical to achieving reduced mortality and increased survival. Although clinical examination is currently the method of choice for melanocytic lesion assessment, there is a growing interest among clinicians regarding the potential diagnostic utility of computerised image analysis. Recognising that there exist significant shortcomings in currently available algorithms, we are motivated to investigate the utility of lacunarity, a simple statistical measure previously used in geology and other fields for the analysis of fractal and multi-scaled images, in the automated assessment of melanocytic naevi and melanoma. Digitised dermoscopic images of 111 benign melanocytic naevi, 99 dysplastic naevi and 102 melanomas were obtained over the period 2003 to 2008, and subject to lacunarity analysis. We found the lacunarity algorithm could accurately distinguish melanoma from benign melanocytic naevi or non-melanoma without introducing many of the limitations associated with other previously reported diagnostic algorithms. Lacunarity analysis suggests an ordering of irregularity in melanocytic lesions, and we suggest the clinical application of this ordering may have utility in the naked-eye dermoscopic diagnosis of early melanoma.
Journal Article